Chitband, A., Baghestani, M., Nabizade Noghondar, M. (2019). Comparative Environmental Risk Assessment of Herbicides Used in Wheat and Barley Fields by Duckweed, Lemna minor, Test in Aquatic Ecosystems. , 6(2), 82-101. doi: 10.22092/jppps.2019.123470
A. A. Chitband; Mohammad Ali Baghestani; Mahboubeh Nabizade Noghondar. "Comparative Environmental Risk Assessment of Herbicides Used in Wheat and Barley Fields by Duckweed, Lemna minor, Test in Aquatic Ecosystems". , 6, 2, 2019, 82-101. doi: 10.22092/jppps.2019.123470
Chitband, A., Baghestani, M., Nabizade Noghondar, M. (2019). 'Comparative Environmental Risk Assessment of Herbicides Used in Wheat and Barley Fields by Duckweed, Lemna minor, Test in Aquatic Ecosystems', , 6(2), pp. 82-101. doi: 10.22092/jppps.2019.123470
Chitband, A., Baghestani, M., Nabizade Noghondar, M. Comparative Environmental Risk Assessment of Herbicides Used in Wheat and Barley Fields by Duckweed, Lemna minor, Test in Aquatic Ecosystems. , 2019; 6(2): 82-101. doi: 10.22092/jppps.2019.123470

Comparative Environmental Risk Assessment of Herbicides Used in Wheat and Barley Fields by Duckweed, Lemna minor, Test in Aquatic Ecosystems

آفت کش ها در علوم گیاه پزشکی
Volume 6, Issue 2 - Serial Number 11, August 2020, Pages 82-101    PDF (945.19 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.22092/jppps.2019.123470
Authors
A. A. Chitband* 1; Mohammad Ali Baghestani2; Mahboubeh Nabizade Noghondar3
1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Lorestan, Iran.
2Department of Herbicide Research, Iranian Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
3Agricultural Bank Branches Management, Mashhad, Iran.
Abstract
Nowadays, the pollution in aquatic ecosystems caused by the application of pesticides has become a serious problem. To evaluate the phytotoxicity of ten herbicides used in wheat and barley fields by duckweed (L. minor) test, a dose-response experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with four replications. The treatments consisted of eight different concentrations of various active ingredients of herbicides including clodinafop-propargyl, pinoxaden, pinoxaden + clodinafop-propargyl, diclofop- methyl, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl sodium, metsulfuron-methyl+ sulfosulfuron, 2,4-D and bromoxynil + MCPA with herbicide-free control treatment. Toxicity assessment index was based on inhibition of the relative leaf surface growth rates (RGR) of the plants after seven days. The EC50 values which were derived by fitting the log-logistic curves, showed that bromoxynil + MCPA with EC50 equal to 0.51 microgram/l had the highest effect in reduction of the relative leaf surface growth rate of Lemna compared with other herbicides. This high toxicity probably is attributed to its physicochemical properties and rapid uptake by the plant cells. 2,4-D with EC50 equal to 87.97 µg/l showed the lowest toxicity on Lemna. The phytotoxicity of the nine herbicides tested could be ranked as follows: Bromoxynil +MCPA > Mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl sodium > Pinoxaden > Pinoxaden + Clodinafop-propargyl > Diclofop- methyl > Metsulfuron-methyl+ sulfosulfuron > Clodinafop-propargyl > Fenoxaprop-P-ethyl > 2,4-D.  The information obtained from the results of the present study can be useful for adopting the necessary criteria for aquatic ecosystem management.
Keywords
Aquatic ecosystem management; effective concentration; pesticide contamination; relative leaf area growth rate (RGR); toxicity assessment
References
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