| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,952 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,275 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,872,903 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,379,621 |
تأثیر وجین علف هرز بر رشد و عملکرد نهال چهار گونه سوزنیبرگ در نهالستان | ||
| تحقیقات حمایت و حفاظت جنگلها و مراتع ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 16، آذر 1389، صفحه 142-155 اصل مقاله (262.31 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه احمدلو1؛ مسعود طبری* 2؛ احمد رحمانی3؛ حامد یوسف‌زاده1 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 2نویسنده مسئول، دانشیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، | ||
| 3استادیار پژوهش، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق وضعیت زنده‌مانی، رشد، زیتوده و شادابی نهالهای سوزنیبرگ سرو نقره‌ای (Cupressus arizonica var. arizonica Green.)، زربین (C. sempervirens var. horizantalis)، کاج بروسیا (Pinus brutia Ten.) و کاج حلب (P. halepensis Mill.) تحت تأثیر دوره وجین علف هرز و ترکیب تیمارهای خاک و دوره وجین در نهالستان کلوده آمل بررسی شد. برای این منظور، بذرها با چهار تکرار در گلدانهای پلاستیکی با دو دوره وجین 10 روزه و 20 روزه و تیمارهای مختلف خاک شامل 1) خاک شاهد، 2) خاک شاهد و کود دامی (1:1)، 3) خاک شاهد و خاکبرگ (1:1)، 4) خاک شاهد، کود دامی و خاکبرگ (1:1:1) آزمایش شدند. بعد از یک فصل رویش (در هر گونه) پاسخ اغلب صفات اندازهگیری شده نهالهای تولیدی (رشد، زیتوده، کیفیت شادابی و عملکرد تولید نهال) به دوره وجین 10 روزه بهتر از دوره وجین 20 روزه بوده است. زربین در خاک 4 و دوره وجین 10 روزه بیشترین میزان تمام صفات مورد مطالعه را نشان داد. در وجین دوره کوتاهتر (10 روزه) ممکن است دلیل آن کاهش رقابت، تأمین رطوبت و نور، و ذخیره عناصر تغذیهای در بافت گیاه باشد. برای رشد و بقای بهتر، باید نهالهای سوزنیبرگ مطالعه شده در شرایط محیطی مطلوب و دور از هر گونه رقابت قرار گیرند. بنابراین وجین علف هرز در دوره‌های کوتاهتر (10 روزه) و خاک حاصلخیز توصیه می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زنده مانی؛ سرو؛ شادابی؛ کاج | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of weed control on growth and performance of four nursery-grown conifer species | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Ahmadloo1؛ M. Tabari2؛ A. Rahmani3؛ H. Yousefzadeh1 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was conducted on the survival, growth, biomass and vitality status of Arizona cypress (Cupressus arizonica var. arizonica Green.), Medite cypress(C. sempervirens var. horizantalis), Brutia pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) and Aleppo pine (P. halepensis Mill.) seedlings subjected to weeding as well as various combinations of organic matter and leaf litter use at Koloudeh nursery, Amol city (north of Iran).). Seeds were planted in plastic pots in a randomized block design with four replications. Two weeding treatments of 10-day (W1) and 20-day (W2) intervals and different treatments include soil 1) control soil 2) control soil+ manure (1:1), 3) control soil + decomposed litter (1:1), 4) control soil + manure + decomposed litter (1:1:1) were applied. The results obtained for each species seedlings following first growing season indicated better response of W1 compare to W2 for most of the characteristics include growth, biomass, vitality and performance. C. sempervirens in no. four soil treatment with 10 day weeding interval, showed the optimal rate of all studies traits. Decreased competition, increased light, nutrient availability could be attributed to shorter weeding interval and successful seedling establishment. Therefore, weed control applied at shorter interval (10-day) during the first growing year combined with fertile soil is recommended. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| survival, Cupressus, vitality, Pinus | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- جزیرهای، م.ح.، 1380. جنگلکاری در خشکبوم. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 450 صفحه. - دستمالچی، م.، 1374. کاج بروتسیا. انتشارات مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع، تهران، 139صفحه. - رستگار، م.ع.، 1375. علفهای هرز و روشهای کنترل آنها. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 413 صفحه. - صوفی زاده، ن.غ.، حسینی، س.م. و طبری، م.، 1388. بررسی تأثیر تاریخ کاشت، آبیاری و وجین بر زی توده، نسبت طول ساقه به طول ریشه و درصد شادابی نهال های سرو نقره ای در نهالستان. مجله جنگل ایران، 2: 173-163. - طبری، م.، پور مجیدیان، م.ح. و علیزاده، ع.ر.، 1385. تأثیر نوع خاک، رژیم آبیاری و وجین روی تولید نهال سرو زربین در نهالستان شهر پشت نوشهر. مجله پژوهش و سازندگی در منابع طبیعی، 70: 69-65. - Amishev, D.Y. and Fox T.R., 2006. The effect of weed control and fertilization on survival and growth of four pine species in the Virginia piedmont. Forest Ecology and Management, 236 (1): 93-101.
- Anonymous, 1999. Forest condition in Europe. Results of the 1997 crown condition survey technical report prepared by FederalResearchCenter for Forestry and Forest Products. Hamburg, Germany, 140 p.
- Barker, A.V. and Pilbeam D.J., 2007. Handbook of Plant nutrition. Taylor& Francis Publication, New York, 613p.
- Blazier, M.A. and Hennessey, T.C., 2008. Seasonal soil and foliage nutrient dynamics of a juvenile loblolly pine plantation: Impacts of fertilizer formulation and vegetation suppression. Forest Ecology and Management, 255 (8-9): 3404–3415.
- Borders, B.E., Will, R.E., Markewitz, D., Clark, A., Hendrick, R., Teskey, R.O. and Zhang, Y., 2004. Effect of complete competition control and annual fertilization on stem growth and canopy relations for a chronosequence of loblolly pine plantations in the lower coastal plain of Georgia. Forest Ecology and Management, 192 (1): 21–37.
- Dixon, F.L. and Clay, D.V., 2004. Effect of herbicides applied pre- and post-emergence on forestry weeds grown from seed. Crop Protection, 23 (8): 713–721.
- Esen, D., Zedaker, S.M., Seiler, J.R. and Mou, P., 2003. Growth responses of six seed sources of Pinus brutia Ten. (Turkish red pine) to herbaceous weed competition. New Forests, 25 (1): 1–10.
- Haywood, J.D., 2005. Effects of herbaceous and woody plant control on Pinus palustris growth and foliar nutrients through six growing seasons. Forest Ecology and Management, 214 (1-3): 384–397.
- Haywood, J.D., Goelz, J.C., Sword, M.A. and Tiarks, A.E., 2003. Influence of fertilization, weed control and pine litter on loblolly pine growth and productivity and under storey plant development through 12 growing seasons. Forest Research, 33 (10): 1974-1982.
- Jinks, R.L., Willoughby, I. and Baker, C., 2006. Direct seeding of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.): The effects of sowing date, pre-emergent herbicides, cultivation, and protection on seedling emergence and survival. Forest Ecology and Management, 237 (1-3): 373–386.
- Knapp, B.O., Geoff Wang, G. and Walker, J.L., 2008. Relating the survival and growth of planted longleaf pine seedlings to microsite conditions altered by site preparation treatments. Forest Ecology and Management, 255 (11): 3768–3777.
- Kogan, M., Figueroa, R. and Gilabert, H., 2002. Weed control intensity effects on young radiate pine growth. Crop Protection, 21 (3): 253–257.
- Larchevêque, M., Monte`s, N., Baldy, V. and Ballini, C., 2008. Can compost improve Quercus pubescens Willd establishment in a Mediterranean post-fire shrubland. Bioresource Technology, 99 (9): 3754-3764.
- Lavender, D.P., 1984. Production of Bareroot Seedlings, Plant Physiology and Nursery Environment: Interactions Affecting Seedling Growth, Forest Nursery Manual for Forest Research Laboratory. OregonStateUniversity Publication, Corvallis, 386 p.
- Lebel, P., Thiffault, N. and Bradley, R.L., 2008. Kalmia removal increases nutrient supply and growth of black spruce seedlings: An effect fertilizer cannot emulate. Forest Ecology and Management, 256 (10): 1780-1784.
- Löf, M., Thomsen, A. and Madsen, P., 2004. Sowing and transplanting of broadleaves (Fagus sylvatica L, Quercus robur L, Prunus avium L. and Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) for afforestation of farmland. Forest Ecology and Management, 188 (1-3): 113–123.
- Marianthi, T., 2006. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) core and rice hulls as components of container media for growing (Pinus halepensis M.) seedlings. Bioresource Technology, 97 (14): 1631–1639.
- McCarthy, N. and O’Reilly, C., 2001. The impact of herbicides on tree seedling quality, Reproductive Material, No: 1, AgricultureBuilding, UCD. Coford (A Program for Forest Research and Development), Dublin Publication, Ireland, 4 p.
- Navarro Cerrillo, R.M., Retamosa, M.J., Lopez, J., Campo, A.D., Ceaceros, C. and Salmoral, L., 2006.Nursery practices and field performance for the endangered Mediterranean species Abies pinsapo Boiss. Journal Ecology and Engineering, 27 (2): 93-99.
- Olykan, S.T., Xue, J., Clinton, P.W., Skinner, M.F., Graham, D.J. and Leckie, A.C., 2008. Effect of boron fertilizer, weed control and genotype on foliar nutrients and tree growth of juvenile Pinus radiata at two contrasting sites in New Zealand. Forest Ecology and Management, 255 (3-4): 1196–1209.
- Ostos, J.C., Lopez-Garrido, R., Murillo, J.M. and Lopez, R., 2008. Substitution of peat for municipal soild waste- and sewage sludge-based composts in nursery growing media: Effect on growth and nutrition of the native shrub Pistacia lentiscus. Bioresource Technology, 99 (6): 1793–1800.
- Page-Dumroese, D.S., Dumroese, R.K., Jurgensen, M.F., Abbott, A. and Hensiek, J.J., 2008. Effect of nursery storage and site preparation techniques on field performance of high-elevation Pinus contorta seedlings. Forest Ecology and Management, 256 (12): 2065–2072.
- Ramsey, C.L., Jose, S., Brecke, B.J. and Merritt, S., 2003. Growth response of Longleaf Pine (Pinus Palustris Mill.) seedlings to fertilization and herbaceous weed control in an old field in southern USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 172 (2-3): 281-289.
- Roberts, S.D., Harrington, C.A. and Terry, T.A., 2005. Harvest residue and competing vegetation affect soilmoisture, soil temperature, N availability, and Douglas-fir seedling growth. Forest Ecology and Management, 205 (1-3): 333-350.
- Rose, R. and Ketchum, J.S., 2003. Interaction of initial seedling diameter, fertilization and weed control on Douglas-fir growth over the first four years after planting. AnnalsForest Science, 60 (7): 625–635. - Sardans, J., Pẽnuelas, J. and Rod`a, F., 2005. Changes in nutrient use efficiency, status and retranslocation in young post-fire regeneration Pinus halepensis in response to sudden N and P input, irrigation and removal of competing vegetation. Trees, 19 (3): 233–250.
- Sardans, J., Rodà, F. and Peñuelas, J., 2004. Phosphorus limitation and competitive capacities of Pinus halepensis and Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia on different soils. Plant Ecology,174 (2): 305–317.
- Shibu, M.E., Leffelaar, P.A., Van Keulen, H. and Aggarwal, P.K., 2006. Quantitative description of soil organic matter dynamics—A review of approaches with reference to rice-based cropping systems. Geoderma, 137 (1-2): 1–18.
- Sternberg, M., Danin, A. and Noy-Meir, I., 2001. Effects of clearing and herbicide treatments on coniferous seedling establishment and growth in newly planted Mediterranean forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 148 (1-3): 179-184.
- Sutterland, B. and Foreman, F.F., 2000. Black spruce and vegetation response to chemical and mechanical site preparation on a boreal mixedwood site. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30 (10): 1561–1570.
- Thiffault, N., Titus, B.D. and Munson, A.D., 2005. Silvicultural options to promote seedling establishment on Kalmia–Vaccinium-dominated sites. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 20 (2): 110–121.
- Will, R.E., Markewitz, D., Hendrick, R.L., Meason, D.F., Crocker, T.R. and Borders, B.E., 2006. Nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics for 13-year-old loblolly pine stands receiving complete competition control and annual N fertilizer. Forest Ecology and Management, 227 (1-2): 155–168.
- Zhao, D., Kane, M., Borders, B. and Harrison, M., 2008. Pine growth response to different site-preparation methods with or without post-plant herbaceous weed control on North Florida’s Lower Coastal Plain. Forest Ecology and Management, 255 (7): 2512–2523.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 925 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 434 |
||