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تأثیر کاربرد زئولیت، کودهای زیستی و آلی بر رشد، عملکرد گل و اجزای عملکرد در کشت ارگانیک گیاه دارویی بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria chamomilla L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 32، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 76، خرداد 1395، صفحه 203-215 اصل مقاله (240.43 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2016.106556 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امین صالحی* 1؛ امیر قلاوند2؛ فاطمه سفیدکن3؛ احمد اصغرزاده4؛ کرامت الله سعیدی5 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، بخش بیولوژی، مؤسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 5استادیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور ارزیابی اثرات کودهای زیستی، آلی و زئولیت بر رشد و عملکرد گیاه دارویی بابونه (Matricaria chamomilla L.) آزمایشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل سه عاملی شامل کود زیستی: باکتری‌های ریزوسفری محرک رشد گیاه (Azotobacter chroococcum، Azospirillum lipoferum، Pseudomonas flouresence) (B) در دو سطح (عدم تلقیح= b1 و تلقیح با بذر= b2)، ورمی‌کمپوست (V) در سه سطح (0=v1، 5=v2 و 10=v3 تن در هکتار) و زئولیت (Z) طبیعی کلینپتیلولیت (Clinoptilolite) در دو سطح (0=z1 و 9=z2 تن در هکتار) در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با دوازده تیمار و سه تکرار در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس در سال زراعی 1387 انجام شد. مقایسه میانگین‌ها توسط آزمون چند دامنه‌ای دانکن در سطح احتمال 5% انجام شد. نتایج بدست‌آمده از این تحقیق نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد گل (kg/ha13/358)، عملکرد زیستی (kg/ha09/1572)، تعداد گل در بوته (09/61)، قطر گل (mm84/21) و ارتفاع (cm51/45) در تلقیح با کود زیستی بدست آمد. زئولیت تأثیر معنی‌داری بر روی تمام صفات یادشده بجز قطر گل و شاخص برداشت داشت. همچنین بیشترین عملکرد گل (kg/ha22/434)، عملکرد زیستی (kg/ha30/1814)، تعداد گل در بوته (71/72)، قطر گل (mm35/22) و ارتفاع (cm91/47) با کاربرد 10 تن ورمی‌کمپوست بدست آمد. اثر متقابل مثبت و معنی‌داری بر روی عملکرد گل در اثر کاربرد کود زیستی و ورمی‌کمپوست و همچنین زئولیت و ورمی‌کمپوست بدست آمد، به‌طوری که بیشترین عملکرد گل (kg/ha73/448) در تیمار مصرف 10 تن ورمی‌کمپوست و تلقیح با باکتری (v3b2) و تیمار مصرف 10 تن ورمی‌کمپوست و زئولیت (kg/ha7/448) در تیمار (v3z2) بدست آمد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria chamomilla L.)؛ کود زیستی؛ زئولیت؛ ورمی‌کمپوست؛ عملکرد گل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of zeolite, bio and organic fertilizers application on the growth, yield and yield components of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) in organic cultivation | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Salehi1؛ A. Ghalavand2؛ F. Sefidkon3؛ A. Asgharzade4؛ K. Saeedi5 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Agronomy Department, Yasuj University, Yasuj, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Agronomy Department, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Professor, Medicinal Plants Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Asistant Professor, Department of Biology, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 5Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to study the effects of zeolite, bio and organic fertilizers on the growth, yield and yield components of German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) in organic cultivation, an experiment was conducted at the research field of Tarbiat Modares University in 2005. The factors were PGPR inoculums (inoculated and no inoculated), zeolite (0 and 9 ton/ha) and vermicompost (0, 5, 10 ton/ha). The experimental design was factorial in a randomized complete blocks design with twelve treatments and three replications. Mean comparison was carried out using Duncan’s multiple range test (at 5% level). Results showed that the highest value of flower yield (358.13), biological yield (1572.09), number of flower per plant (61.09), flower diameter (21.84) and height (45.51) were obtained with PGPR inoculums. Zeolite also showed significant effects on mentioned traits except flower diameter and harvest index. With increasing of vermicompost levels, all traits were increased as the highest value of flower yield (434.22), biological yield (1814.30), number of flower per plant (72.71), flower diameter (22.35) and height (47.91) were obtained with application of 10 ton/ha vermicompost. In addition, there were positive and synergistic interactions between vermicompost combined with PGPR and vermicompost combined with zeolite on dry flower yield, as the highest flower yield was obtained in v3b2 and v3z2 treatments with 448.73 and 448.7kg/ha, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), Biofertilizer, Zeolite, Vermicompost, flower yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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