1. Azad, I.S., Jithendran, K.P., Shekhar, M.S., Thirunavukkarasua, A.R. and De la Pena, L.D., 2006a. Immunolocalization of nervous necrosis virus indicates vertical transmission in hatchery produced Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) a case study. Aquaculture 255:
9–47.
2. Azad, I.S., Shekhar, M.S., Thirunavukkarasu, A.R., Poornima, M., Kailasam, M., Rajan, J.J.S., Ali, S.A., Abraham, M. and Ravichandran, P., 2005. Nodavirus infection causes mortalities in hatchery produced larvae of Lates calcarifer: first report from India. Disease of Aquatic Organisms 63: 113-118.
3. Azad, I.S., Shekhar, M.S., Thirunavukkarasua, A.R. and Jithendran, K.P. 2006b. Viral nerve necrosis in hatchery-produced fry of Asian seabass Lates calcarifer: sequential microscopic analysis of histopathology. Disease of Aquatic Organisms 73: 123–130.
4. Bloch, B., Gravningen, K. and Larsen, J.L., 1991. Encephalomyelitis among turbot associated with a picornavirus-like agent. Disease of Aquatic Organisms 10: 65-70.
5. Borghesan, F., Selli, L., Manfrin, A., Mutinelli, F., Qualtieri, K, Ormelli, S. and Bovo, G., 2003. Winter outbreak of viral encephalo- retinopathy in farmed seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Ittiopathologia 36: 15-23.
6. Breuil, G., Bonami, J.R., Pepin, J.F. and Pichot, Y., 1991. Viral infection (picorna-like virus) associated with mass mortalities in hatchery reared seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae and juveniles. Aquaculture 97: 109-116.
7. Comps, M., Pepin, J.F., and Bonami, J.R., 1994. Purification and characterization of two fish encephalitis viruses (FEV) infecting Lates calcarifer and Dicentrarchus labrax. Aquacultre 123: 1-10.
8. Fishbase. 2012. Available from: http://fishbase.org/summary/ Liza-klunzingeri.html.
9. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). 2012. Database. Available from: www.fao.org/fi/website/MultiQueryAction.do.
10. Furusawa, R., Okinaka, Y. and Nakai, T., 2006. Betanodavirus infection in the freshwater model fish medaka (Oryzias latipes). General Virology 87: 2333–2339.
11. Glazebrook, J.S., Heasman, M.P. and De Beer, S.W. 1990. Picorna- like viral particles associated with mass mortalities in larval barramundi, Lates calcarifer. Fish Disease 13: 245-249.
12. Grotmol, S., Totland, G.K. and Kryvi, H., 1997. Detection of a nodavirus-like agent in heart tissue from reared Atlantic salmon Salmo salar suffering from cardiac myopathy syndrome (CMS). Disease of Aquatic Organisms 29: 79- 84.
13. Hegde, A., Lam, T.J. and Sin, Y.M., 2005. Immune response of freshwater fish, guppy, Poicelia reticulate and gouramy, Trichogaster trichopterusto recombinant coat protein of Epinephelus tauvina nervous necrosis virus. Aquaculture 249: 77- 84.
14. Hick, P., Tweedie, A. and Whittington, R., 2010. Preparation of fish tissues for optimal detection of betanodavirus. Aquaculture 310: 20–26.
15. Johansen, R., Ranheim, T., Hansen, M.K., Taksdal, T. and Totland, G.K., 2002. Pathological changes in juvenile Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus persistently infected with nodavirus. Disease of Aquatic Organisms 50: 161-169.
16. Kashi, M., Hashemi, A., Safikhani, H., 2008. Study of some growth characteristics of Klunzingeri Mullet (Liza klunzingeri) in the Coastal of Khuzestan, Journal of Fishery 2: 35-43.
17. Kokawa, Y., Takami, I., Nishizawa, T. and Yoshimizu, M., 2008. A mixed infection in sevenband grouper Epinephelus septemfasciatus
affected with viral nervous necrosis (VNN). Aquaculture 284: 41–45.
18. Le Breton, A., Grisez, L., Sweetman, J. and Ollevier, F., 1997. Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) associated with mass mortalities in
cage reared seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. Fish Disease 20: 145-151.
19. Maltese, C. and Bovo, G., 2007. Monografie Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy. Ittiopatologia 4: 93-146. 20. Manual of Fishery Information bitween 1379-1387, 2009. Iran fishery research organization, 56p.
21. Munday, B.L. and Nakai, T., 1997. Special topic review: nodaviruses as pathogens in larval and juvenile marine finfish. World Journal of Microbe Biotechnology 13: 375-381.
22. Munday, B.L., Kwang, J. and Moody, N., 2002. Betanodavirus infections of teleost fish: a review. Fish Disease 25: 127-142.
23. Munday, B.L., Langdon, J.S., Hyatt, A. and Humphrey, J.D., 1992. Mass mortality associated with a viral-induced vacuolating encephalopathy and retinopathy of larval and juvenile barramundi, Lates calcarifer. Aquaculture 103: 197-211.
24. Nylund, A., Nylund, S., Isaksen, M., korsnes, K., Handeland, S., Martinsen, R., Mork Pedersen, T. and Ottem, KF., 2008. New betanodaviruses detected in wild and farmed cod (Gadus morhua) in Norway. Archives of Virology 153: 541- 547.
25. Oh, M.J., Jung, S.J., Kim, S.R., Rajendran, K.V., Kim, Y.J., Choi, T.J., Kim, H.R. and Kim, J.D., 2002. A fish nodavirus associated with mass mortality in hatchery reared red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Aquaculture 211: 1–7.
26. Parameswaran, V., Rujesh Kumar, S., Ishaq Ahmed, V.P. and Sahul Hameed, A.S., 2008. A fish nodavirus associated with mass mortality in hatchery-reared Asian Sea bass, Lates calcarifer. Aquaculture 275: 366–369.
27. Sweetman, E., Sweetman, J., Le Breton, A. and Grisez, L., 1996. Nodavirus: a review of the findings of the XIV/NODA/95 investigation. In: “Seabass and seabream culture: problems and prospects“ European Aquaculture Society, Italy 87-101.
28. Yoshikoshi, K. and Inoue, K., 1990. Viral nervous necrosis in
hatchery reared larvae and juveniles of Japanese parrotfish, Oplegnathus
fasciatus. Fish Disease 13: 69-77.
29. Zafran Harada, T., Koesharyani, I., Yuasa, K. and Hatai, K., 1998. Indonesian hatchery reared seabass larvae (Lates calcarifer), associated with viral nervous necrosis (VNN). Indonesian Fish Research 4:19–22.
30. Zorriehzahra, S.J., Ghasemi, M., Ghiasi, M,. Haghighi karsidani, S., Nazari, I., Sharifpour, I., Sharifrouhani, M., Mehrabi, M., 2010. Viral Nervous Necrosis study in Liza auratus and its pathogenicity to other fish species. Final report of national research, Iran fishery research organization, 186p.
