| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,998 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,579 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,251,588 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,622,660 |
اثر رطوبت خاک و سایه بر رویش و تخصیص زی‌توده نهال‌های بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 24، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 64، تیر 1395، صفحه 283-273 اصل مقاله (161.3 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2016.106990 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدحسین صادق‌زاده حلاج* 1؛ داود آزادفر2؛ حسین میرزایی ندوشن3؛ محمدحسین ارزانش4؛ مسعود توحیدفر5 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| 3استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور | ||
| 4استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان | ||
| 5دانشیار پژوهش، گروه مهندسی بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده مهندسی انرژی و فناوری‌های نوین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پژوهش پیش‌رو به‌منظور بررسی اثر رطوبت خاک و نیز سایبان‌های مصنوعی بر روند رشد، تولید و تسهیم زی‌توده در اندامهای مختلف نهال بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) در ایستگاه تحقیقات البرز کرج انجام شد. نهال‌های بنه بهمدت شش ماه از خرداد تا آذرماه 1393 تحت تیمارهای رطوبت خاک (در سه سطح 100، 50 و 20 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و سایبان مصنوعی (در سه سطح 100، 50 و 30 درصد نور کامل) در قالب طرح کرتهای خردشده با پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که عامل رطوبت خاک اثر معنی‌داری بر ارتفاع، قطر یقه و زی‌توده تر و خشک ساقه و برگ و زی‌توده تر کل داشت. رژیم سایبان به‌طور معنی‌داری باعث کاهش ارتفاع، زی‌توده خشک ریشه و کل و نسبت زی‌توده تر ریشه به کل شد. براساس نتایج، نهال‌های بنه در سطوح مختلف رطویت رفتار متفاوتی نسبت به سایه از خود نشان دادند، به‌ویژه افزایش سایه باعث کاهش معنی‌دار ارتفاع، زی‌توده تر برگ و نسبت زی‌توده تر ریشه به اندام هوایی در رطوبت کامل و افزایش این مشخصه‌ها در نهال‌های تحت تنش شد. بررسی روند تغییرات مشخصه‌ها تحت سطوح مختلف رطوبت و نور نشان داد که سایه در حالت بروز تنش خشکی برای نهال‌های بنه کمک‌کننده بوده است و باعت کاهش عوارض ناشی از تنش خشکی بر این گونه شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارتفاع؛ اندام؛ بنه؛ زی‌توده؛ قطر یقه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Impacts of soil humidity and shade on growth and biomass allocation of wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) saplings | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Hossein Sadeghzadeh Hallaj1؛ Davoud Azadfar2؛ Hossein Mirzaei Nodoushan3؛ Mohammad Hossein Arzanesh4؛ Masoud Tohidfar5 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student Forest Ecology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources | ||
| 2Associate Prof., Department of Silviculture and Forest Ecology, Grogan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources | ||
| 3Prof., Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) | ||
| 4Assistant Prof., Research Division of Soil and Water, Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization | ||
| 5Associate Prof, Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of New Technologies and Energy Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A study on the impacts of soil humidity and artificial shading on growth, biomass production and its allocation to different organs of wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.)saplings was carried out in Alborz research station complex (Karaj, Iran). One year seedlings were treated by soil humidity (20, 50 and 100 percent of field capacity) and shading (100, 70 and 50 percent of full sunlight) factors in a split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design from June to December 2014. Results showed significant impact of oil humidity on height, collar diameter, fresh and dry biomass of leaves and stem as well as on total fresh biomass. Shade significantly decreased height, root and total dry biomass and root to shoot fresh biomass ratio. Moreover, wild pistachio saplings with different soil humidity treatments show different responses to shade. In particular, shade significantly decreases height, fresh leaves biomass and R/S fresh biomass ratio for well-irrigated saplings and increases these parameters for saplings under drought stress. Response trends of different parameters under humidity × shade treatments showed that shade can reduce undesirable effects of drought stress on wild pistachio saplings. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| height, organ, Pistacia atlantica, biomass, Collar diameter | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Aranda, I., Castro, L., Pardos, M., Gil, L. and Pardos, J.A., 2005. Effects of the interaction between drought and shade on water relations, gas exchange and morphological traits in cork oak (Quercus ruber L.) seedlings. Forest Ecology and Management, 210: 117-129. - Ashton, M.S., Singhakumara, B.M.P. and Gamage, H.K., 2006. Interaction between light and drought affect performance of Asian tropical tree species that have differing topographic affinities. Forest Ecology and Management, 221: 42-51. - Canham, C.D., Berkowitz, A.R., Kelly, V.R., Lovett, G.M., Ollin- Ger, S.V. and Schnurr, J., 1996. Biomass allocation and multiple resource limitation in tree seedlings. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 26: 1521-1530. - Castro, J., Zamora, R., Hodar, J.A., Gomez, J.M. and Gomez-Aparicio, L., 2004. Benefits of using shrubs as nurse plants for reforestation in Mediterranean mountains: a 4-year study. Restoration Ecology, 12: 352-358. - Climent, J.M., Aranda, I., Alonso, J., Pardos, J.A. and Gil, L., 2006. Developmental constraints limit the response of Canary Island pine seedlings to combined shade and drought. Forest Ecology and Management, 231: 164-168. - Emadi, M.H., 1996. Study Plan on Wild Pistachio (Beneh). Published by Rural Research Institute, Tehran, 186p (In Persian). - Fattahi, M. and Tavakoli, A., 1999. Suitable methods for seed sowing of oak trees in Zagros forests. Final Report of Research Project, Published by Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 243p (In Persian). - Ghasemi, R., Modir Rahmati, A.R. and Baghery, R., 2012. An investigation on optimal number of shoots in different Poplar clones at short rotation system. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 20(4): 539-550. - Ghelich-Khani, M.M., Tabari, M., Akbari-Nia, M., Espahbodi, K. and Jalali, Gh.A., 2005. Effects of light intensity and root pruning on survival and vitality of Quercus castaneifolia seedlings. Pajouhesh & Sazandegi, 69: 82-92 (In Persian). - Gibbons, J.M. and Newbery, D.M., 2002. Drought avoidance and the effect of local topography on trees in the understorey of Bornean lowland rain forest. Plant Ecology, 164: 1-18. - Gross, K., Homlicher, A., Weinreich, A. and Wagner, E., 1996. Effect of shade on stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis, photochemical efficiency and growth of oak sapling. Annals des Sciences Forestiers, 53: 279-290. - Hamzepour, M., Bordbar, S.K., Joukar, L. and Abbasi, A.R., 2006. The potential of rehabilitation of wild pistachio forests through straight seed sowing and seedling planting. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 14(3): 207-220 (In Persian). - Holmgren, M., 2000. Combined effects of shade and drought on tulip poplar seedlings: trade-off in tolerance or facilitation. Oikos, 90: 67-78. - Hoseini, S.M., Aliarab, A.R., Rasouli Akradi, Y.A., Akbari-Nia, M., Jalali, S.Gh.A., Tabari Koucheksaraei, M. and Elmi, M.R., 2007. Effect of shade on height growth and mortality of Cupressus arizonica seedlings. Journal of Environmental Studies, 43: 61-72 (In Persian). - Hoseini, A., Moayeri, M.H. and Heydari, H., 2008. Effect of altitude on natural regeneration and other quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Manna oak (Case study: Hianan forests of Ilam province). Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 15(1): 1-10 (In Persian). - Jahanpour, F.A., Fatahi, M. and Karamian, R., 2010. Studying the influence of light on surviving of pistachio saplings in Lorestan province. Iranian Journal of Forest, 3(2): 91-98 (In Persian). - Joulaei-Manesh, N., 2011. Study on anatomical, physiological and biochemical responses of Atlas mastic tree (Pistacia atlantica subsp. mutica) seedlings under drought stress. M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yasouj University, Yasouj, 64p (In Persian). - Karimi-Doust, A.A., 2001. Effects of shade and seed provenance on fork shaping of oak seedlings at Ghorogh Nursery. Final Report of Research Project, Published by Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 40p (In Persian). - Lambers, H., Chapin, F.S. and Pons, Th.L., 2008. Plant Physiological Ecology. Springer, New York, 604p. - Li, Y., Zhao, H., Duan, B., Korpelainen, H. and Li, Ch., 2011. Effect of drought and ABA on growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant system of Cotinus coggygria seedlings under two different light conditions. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 71(1): 107-113. - Mirzaei, J., 2011. Identification of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Pistacia atlantica and P. khinjuk in Ilam province and their effects on seedlings growth under drought stress. Ph.D. thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, 157p (In Persian). - Najafifar, A., Sagheb-Talebi, KH. and Saeb, K., 2011. Effect of light intensity on survival of Manna oak seedlings considering aspect and distance from parent tree. Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 64(4): 461-473 (In Persian). - Negahdar Saber, M.R. and Abbasi, A.R., 2010. Impacts of ground cover vegetation on natural regeneration of wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica) (Case study: wild pistachio experimental forest, Fars province). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 18(4): 630-638 (In Persian). - Niinemets, Ü. and Valladares, F., 2006. Tolerance to shade, drought, and waterlogging of temperate Northern Hemisphere trees and shrubs. Ecological Monographs, 76: 521-547. - Owji, M.Gh. and Hamzepour, M., 2003. Comprehensive study on Baneh (Pistacia atlantica) Experimental Forest of Fars province of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forests and Poplar Research, 10 (1): 283-308 (In Persian). - Pilevar, B., Kakavand, M., Akbari, H., Ismaeilii, A., Soosani, J. and Mirazadi, Z., 2012. Growth and morphological responses of Manna oak (Quercus brantii) seedlings to different light levels at nursery in the first growing year. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 20(1): 74-83 (In Persian). - Ranjbar Fordoei A., Samson R., Van Damme P. and Lemeur R., 2000. Effect of drought stress induced by polyethylene glycol on pigment content and photosynthetic gas exchange of Pistacia khinjuk and P. mutica. Photosynthetica, 38(3): 443-447. - Sabeti, H., 1994. Forests, Trees and Shrubs of Iran. Published by Yazd University, Yazd, 874p (In Persian). - Sack, L. and Grubb, P.J., 2002. The combined impacts of deep shade and drought on the growth and biomass allocation of shade-tolerant woody seedlings. Oecologia, 131: 175-185. - Saju, P.U., Gopikumar, K., Asokan, P.K. and Ani, J.R., 2000. Effect of shade on seedling growth of Grevillea robust, Tectona grandis and Ailanthus triphysa in the nursery. The Indian Forester, 126 (1): 57-61. - Smith, T. and Huston, M., 1989. A theory of the spatial and temporal dynamics of plant communities. Vegetatio, 83: 49-69. - Sofo, A., Dichio, B., Montanaro, G. and Xiloyannis, C., 2009. Shade effect on photosynthesis and photoinhibition in olive during drought and rewatering. Agricultural Water Management, 96: 1201-1206. - Sohrabi, A., 1995. Impacts of harvesting on natural regeneration of wild pistachio in Lorestan province. The First National Symposium on Pistacia atlantica. Ilam, 3-4 Nov. 1995: 337-340 (In Persian). - Valladares, F., Arrieta, S., Aranda, I., Lorenzo, D., Tena, D., Sánchez-Gómez, D., Suarez, F. and Pardos, J.A., 2005. Shade tolerance, photoinhibition sensitivity and phenotypic plasticity of Ilex aquifolium in continental-Mediterranean sites. Tree Physiology, 25: 1041-1052. - Vera, F.W.M., 2000. Grazing Ecology and Forest History. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 528p. - Walters, M.B. and Reich, P.B., 1997. Growth of Acer saccharum seedlings in deeply shaded understories of northern Wisconsin: effects of nitrogen and water availability. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 27: 237-247. - Yousefi, M., 2007. The study and compartment to success of survival of Pistacia atlantica and Pistacia khinjuk under different crown coverage in the forest of Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province. Final Report of Research Project, Published by Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, 24p (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 741 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 525 |
||