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اثر آتش‌سوزی و چرا بر تراکم، تنوع و غنای بانک بذر خاک در مراتع نیمه‌استپی زاگرس مرکزی | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 23، شماره 3، مهر 1395، صفحه 442-453 اصل مقاله (327.42 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2016.107604 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی اصغر نقی پور برج* 1؛ سید جمال الدین خواجه الدین2؛ حسین بشری3؛ مجید ایروانی3؛ پژمان طهماسبی4 | ||
| 1استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهرکرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آتش‌سوزی به‌همراه چرای دام، دو عامل مهم در تعیین ساختار و ترکیب گونه‌ای جوامع گیاهی به ویژه در مراتع خشک و نیمه خشک می‌باشند. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی اثر آتش‌سوزی و چرای دام بر خصوصیات بانک بذر خاک شامل تراکم، تنوع و غنای گونه‌ای در مراتع نیمه‌استپی زاگرس مرکزی انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری به روش تصادفی طبقه‌بندی شده و در 12 سایت با سابقه آتش‌سوزی یک و پنج ساله انجام گرفت که تحت چرای سبک و سنگین قرار داشتند. نمونه های خاک در فصل پاییز و از دو عمق 5-0 و 10-5 سانتی‌متری به وسیله آگر برداشت شد و به گلخانه منتقل گردید و در بستر مناسب کشت داده شد. به مدت 6 ماه تمامی بذور جوانه زده در گلخانه شناسایی و شمارش شدند. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که در آتش‌سوزی یک‌ساله و تحت شرایط چرای سبک و سنگین، آتش‌سوزی باعث کاهش معنی‌دار تراکم، غنا و تنوع گونه‌ای بانک بذر خاک می‌شود. در آتش‌سوزی 5 ساله و تحت شرایط چرای سبک، غنای گونه‌ای و تنوع نسبت به منطقه شاهد افزایش معنی‌داری پیدا می‌کند. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که آتش‌سوزی و چرا هیچ‌گونه اثر معنی‌داری بر بانک بذر لایه زیرین خاک ندارند و این موضوع بیانگر نقش عمق خاک در کاهش تأثیر آتش و چرا می‌باشد. به طور کلی نتیجه‌گیری می‌شود که مدیریت چرا پس از وقوع آتش‌سوزی در این مناطق، نقش مهمی در احیا پوشش‌گیاهی از طریق بانک بذر خاک دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بانک بذر خاک؛ آتش‌سوزی؛ چرای دام؛ پوشش‌گیاهی؛ تنوع | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of fire and grazing on density, diversity and richness of soil seed bank in Semi-Steppe rangelands of Central Zagros region, Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Asghar Naghipour borj1؛ Jamaladdin Khaeddin2؛ Hosein Bashari3؛ Majid iravani3؛ Pejman Tahmasebi4 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The structure and composition of plant communities are mainly affected by fire and grazing, especially in arid and semiarid rangelands. This study aimed to investigate the role of fire and grazing on soil seed bank characteristics (density, diversity and species richness) in semi-steppe rangelands of Central Zagros. A stratified random sampling was used to collect the data from 12 sites with one and five years after the last fire, and with long term light and heavy grazing history. Soil samples were collected in the autumn by auger from 0-5 and 5-10 cm from the soil surface, and the samples were cultivated in the greenhouse. All the germinated seeds were identified and counted for a 6-month period. The results showed that the one year after fire treatment under both light and heavy grazing resulted to a significant decrease in density, richness, and diversity of the soil seed bank. The richness and diversity of soil seed bank in the five-year after fire treatment and under light grazing pressure increased significantly compared to its control site. According to the results, the soil seed bank in 5 to 10 cm from the soil surface did not vary statistically under fire and grazing pressure, indicating the role of soil depth in reducing the impact of fire and grazing. Overall, it can be concluded that the grazing management after a fire event has a key role in vegetation restoration through its effects on the soil seed bank. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Soil seed bank, fire, Grazing, vegetation, diversity | ||
| مراجع | ||
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