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بررسی تاثیر محیط‌های غذایی طبیعی روی میزان تولید و زندهمانی اسپور و بلاستوسپورهای قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 4، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 7، شهریور 1395، صفحه 94-104 اصل مقاله (156.01 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): BCPP-1508-49 (R2) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیامک روشندل1؛ حسن عسکری* 2؛ رضا طلایی حسنلویی3؛ حسین اللهیاری4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه تهران، گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2محقق بخش کنترل بیولوژیک،موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور | ||
| 3گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 4عصو هیات علمی گروه گیاه پزشکی، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق میزان تولید و جوانه زنی اسپور و بلاستوسپورهای قارچ Metarhizium anisopliae که روی بذرهای مختلف تولید شده بودند، مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. آزمایش‌ها به‌صورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی که دارای 9 تیمار در سه تکرار بودند، انجام شد. نتایج اختلاف معنی‌داری را بین تعداد کنیدی تولید شده، دو هفته پس از کشت نشان داد (F= 4.66, df= 7, 16, p<0.01). بیشترین میانگین تولید محصول به‌میزان 108×1/3 و 108×3 کنیدی/گرم متعلق به آرد برنج و محیط کشت SDA (شاهد) بود. کمترین میانگین تولید محصول به‌میزان 106×4 کنیدی/گرم متعلق به سبوس گندم بود. همچنین اختلاف معنی‌داری بین میزان تولید بلاستوسپور بعد از 4 روز کشت در محیط‌های مایع مشاهده شد (F= 2.57, df=8, 18, p<0.05). بیشترین و کمترین میزان تولید بلاستوسپور به‌میزان 108×1/6 و 108×5/4 در هر میلی‌لیتر به‌ترتیب متعلق به عصاره‌ی سبوس گندم+سبوس برنج+مخمر و سبوس برنج+مخمر بودند. تجزیه‌ی واریانس برای تیمارهای مواد افزودنی شیمیایی و عناصر غذایی که در محیط‌های کشت مایع اضافه شده بودند نشان داد که اختلاف معنی‌داری بین تیمارها وجود دارد (F=5.02, df= 13, 29, p<0.01) بیشترین میزان تولید بلاستوسپور در هر میلی‌لیتر 108×6/6، 108×1/6 و 108×7/5 به‌ترتیب متعلق به تیمار عصاره‌ی سبوس برنج+سبوس گندم+مخمر+آب پنیر؛ تیمار عصاره‌ی سبوس برنج+عصاره‌ی سبوس گندم+مخمر و تیمار عصاره‌ی سبوس گندم+عصاره‌ی سبوس برنج، سولفات منیزیوم و کمترین میزان محصول تولید شده متعلق به تیمار آب انگور بود. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین درصد جوانه‌زنی کنیدی‌های M. anisopliae بعد از یک، دو و سه ماه که در شرایط 4 و 25 درجه‌ی سلسیوس نگهداری شده بودند، تفاوت معنی‌داری با هم داشتند. درصد جوانه‌زنی در تمام تیمارهایی که در یخچال نگهداری شده بودند بیشتر از تیمارهایی بودند که در دمای معمولی اتاق حفظ شده بودند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| جوانه‌زنی؛ تولید انبوه؛ قارچ؛ عناصر غذایی؛ محیط کشت؛ Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effects of natural substrates on the sporulation and viability of conidia and blastospores of Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Siamak Roshandel1؛ Hasan Askary2؛ Reza Talaei-Hassanloui3؛ Hosin Allahyari4 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this study the effects of natural grain-based media on the sporulation and germination of conidia and blastospores of Metarhizium anisopliae were investigated. Experiments were conducted with factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design with nine treatments and three replications. The obtained results showed that there was significant difference in the yield of conidia among different treatnents, two weeks after inoculation, (F= 4.66, df= 7, 16, p<0.01). Highest average yields were obtained as 3.1×108 and 3×108 conidia/g in rice flour and Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar with 1% yeast extract, respectively. The lowest level of conidia yield was 4×106 conidia/g which obtained in the wheat bran medium. There was significant difference between blastospores yields four days after inoculation of the media, (F=2.57, df= 8, 18, p<0.05). The highest and lowest average yield of blastospores were 6.1×108 and 4.5×108 blastospores/ml and were obtained in the wheat bran+rice bran+yeast extract and rice bran+yeast extract media, respectively. Analysis of variance of nutritional and chemical amendments which were added to blastospores media showed significant differences in the yield among different treatments (F=5.02, df=13, 29, p<0.01). The highest average yield of blastospores were 6.6×108, 6.1×108 and 5.7 ×108 blastospores/ml which were obtained in the rice bran+wheat bran+yeast extract+whey powder, rice bran+wheat bran+yeast extract, and wheat bran+rice bran+magnesium sulfate media, respectively. The lowest average yield of the blastospores was obtained in the media containing grape juice. Results also showed significant difference between the means of germination rate of conidia one, two and three month storage at 4°C and 25°C. The highest germination rate belonged to treatments stored in the refrigerator. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| oculture substrate, mass production, Media, Metarhizium anisopliae | ||
| مراجع | ||
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