| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,139 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,918 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,383,531 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,276,890 |
شناسایی مخمر Cryptococcus magnus به عنوان عامل شانکر درختان میوه هسته دار در برخی از استان های مرکزی ایران | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 84، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 103، اسفند 1395، صفحه 239-250 اصل مقاله (2.2 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: بیماریشناسی گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2017.108180 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مجتبی دهقان نیری* 1؛ حشمت اله رحیمیان2؛ ولی اله بابایی زاد3 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 2استاد، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شانکر تنه و شاخه یکی از مهمترین بیماریهای درختان میوه هستهدار است که بارزترین علائم آن ایجاد زخمهای فرورفته روی شاخهها همراه با تراوش صمغ میباشد. دو باکتری Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni و Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae به عنوان عوامل اصلی این بیماری قبلا از مناطقی از ایران گزارش شدهاند. به منظور شناسایی و تعیین پراکنش عوامل مولد شانکر از نواحی مرکزی ایران، نمونههای دارای علایم شانکر از باغهای این مناطق جمع آوری گردید. پس از کشت نمونهها روی محیط آگار غذایی حاوی سوکرز (NAS) کلنیهای برجسته، کرم متمایل به صورتی و خمیری مانند جدا شد. بیماریزایی نمایندههایی از جدایهها روی نهالهای هلو (Prunus persica) به اثبات رسید. بررسیهای میکروسکوپی، فنوتیپی و مولکولی برای شناسایی جدایهها انجام شد. با استفاده از آغازگرهای ITS4 و ITS5 این قطعه در واکنشهای زنجیرهای پلیمراز (PCR) در جدایههای نماینده تکثیر و توالی یابی شد. توالیهای به دست آمده با استفاده از نرمافزار بلاست در ژن بانک (NCBI) با توالیهای موجود در این پایگاه مقایسه و میزان شباهت تعیین گردید. از ژن 26S و بخشی از ژنهای RPB1 و RPB2 نیز برای تأیید شناسایی استفاده شد. در بررسی میکروسکوپی جدایهها سلولهایی کروی شکل که برخی از آنها در حال جوانه زدن بودند مشاهده شد. در مقایسه توالی قطعه ITS در ژن بانک، جدایهها بیشترین شباهت را به گونه Cryptococcus magnus نشان دادند. توالی ژنهای 26S، RPB1 و RPB2 نیز این شباهت را تایید کردند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| شباهت؛ شانکر؛ توالی؛ ITS | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Cryptococcus magnus as the causative agent of stem and branch canker of stone fruit trees in the some central provinces of Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. DEHGHAN-NIRI1؛ H. RAHIMIAN2؛ V. BABAEIZAD3 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| canker is one of the most damaging diseases of stone fruit trees which incites depressed brown to black lesions, often accompanied by exudation of gum, on twigs, branches and trunk of affected trees. The most common causal agents of bacterial canker in the world as well as in Iran are Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni. To determine the predominant causative microorganism in some major fruit growing areas of the central provinces of Iran, samples were taken from the canker-affected stone fruit trees in these regions and macerates of the affected bark tissues were plated on sucrose nutrient agar (NAS). The predominant colonies appearing on NAS were whitish and yeast-like in appearance. Pathogenicity of representative isolates on peach (Prunus persica) seedlings were confirmed. Microscopic, phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of pure cultures of the isolates were determined. DNAs of representative isolates were extracted and the rDNA ITS regions were amplified and sequenced. The sequences were compared with those deposited in GenBank. Partial sequences of the 26S rRNA, RPB1 and RPB2 genes were determined and compared with those existing in GenBank. Budding globose cells were predominant in cell suspensions studied under the microscope. The isolates showed the highest identity with Cryptococcus magnus based on the sequences of the ITS regions. The identity of the isolates as C. magnus was further verified by comparison of the nucleotide sequences of their 26S, RPB1 and RPB2 genes with the homologous regions in Cryptococcus species. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| canker, homologous, ITS, sequence | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
AGRIOS, G. N. 2005. Plant Pathology (5th ed.). Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 992 p.
ASHKAN, S. M. 2011. Fruit Crops Diseases in Iran. Aeeizh press, Tehran, Iran. 427p.
AUSUBLE, F., F. M. BRENT, R. E. KINGESTONE, MOOR, D. D., J. A. SMITH, J. G. SEIDEMAN and K. STRUHL, 1992. Current Protocol in Molecular Biology. Greene, Publishing Associates, Wiley Interscience, New York, USA. 4757 p.
AYERS, S. H., P. RUPP and W. T. JOHNSON, 1919. A Study of the alkali forming bacteria in milk. U.S. Department of Agriculture. 782p.
BAHAR, M., H. MOJTAHEDI and A. AKHIANI, 1982. Bacterial canker of apricot in Isfahan. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, No. 18: 58–68.
BANAPOUR, A., Z. ZAKIEE and G. AMANI, 1990. Isolation of Pseudomonas syringae from sweet cherry in Tehran Province. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, No. 26:67–72.
BORHANI, B. and H. RAHIMIAN, 2013. Yeast species as the causal agents or associated with stem canker of stone fruit trees. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, No. 49: 461-462.
BORHANI, B. and H. RAHIMIAN, 2015. Cryptococcus adeliensis inciting branch canker on stone fruit trees. European Journal of Plant Pathology
DEHGHAN-NIRI, M., H. RAHIMIAN and V. BABAEIZAD, 2015. Cryptococcus uzbekistanensis causing canker on stone fruit trees. New Disease Reports, NO. 31: 13.
FELL, J. W., T. BOEKHOUT, A. FONSECA, G. SCORZETTI and A. STATZELL-TALLMAN, 2000. Biodiversity and systematics of basidiomycetous yeasts as determined by Large-subunit rDNA D1/D2 domain sequence analysis. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, No. 50: 1351-1371.
FINDLEY, K., M. RODRIGUEZ-CARRES, B. METIN, J. KROISS, A. FONSECA, R. VILGALYS and J. HEITMANL, 2009. Phylogeny and Phenotypic Characterization of Pathogenic Cryptococcus Species and Closely Related Saprobic Taxa in the Tremellales. Eukaryotic Cell, No. 8: 353–361.
FONSECA, A., T. BOEKHOUT and J. W. FELL, 2011. Cryptococcus Vuillemin(1901), pp. 1661-1737. In Kurtzman, C. P., Fell, J. W. and Boekhout, T. (eds.), The Yeasts, a Taxonomic Study (5th ed.). Elsevier, London.
GLUSHAKOVA, A. and I. Y. CHERNOV, 2010. Seasonal dynamics of the structure of epiphytic yeast communities. Microbiology, No. 79: 830-839.
HIBBETT, D. S., M. BINDER, …, 2007. A higher-level phylogenetic classification of the Fungi. Mycological Research, No. 509–547.
JAMI, F., M. N. KAZEMPOUR, S. A. ELAHINIA and G. KHODAKARAMIAN, 2005. First Report of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni on Stone Fruit Trees from Iran. Journal of Phytopathology, No. 153: 371–372.
KANO, R., S. HOSAKA and A. HASEGAWA, 2004. First isolation of Cryptococcus magnus from a cat. Mycopathologia, No. 157: 263-264.
KURTZMAN, C. P., J. W. FELL and T. Boekhout, 2011. Gene sequence analyses and other DNA-basedmethods for yeast species recognition. pp 137-144. In: Kurtzman, C. P, Fell, J. W. and Boekhout, T. (eds.), The Yeasts,a Taxonomic Study (5th ed.). Elsevier, London.
LEAW, S. N., H. C. CHANG, H. F. SUN, R. BARTON, J. P. BOUCHARA and T. C. CHANG, 2006. Identification of Medically Important Yeast Species by Sequence Analysis of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Regions. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, No. 44: 693–699.
MATHENY, P. B. 2005. Improving phylogenetic inference of mushrooms with RPB1 and RPB2 nucleotide sequences (Inocybe; Agaricales). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, No. 35: 1-20.
MILLAR, B. C., X. JIRU, J. E. MOORE and J. A. EARLE, 2000. A simple and sensitive method to extract bacterial, yeast and fungal DNA from blood culture material. Journal of Microbiological Methods, No. 42: 139-147.
MIRHENDI, S. H., P. KORDBACHEH, B. KAZEMI, S. SAMIEI, M. PEZESHKI and M. R. KHORRAMIZADEH, 2001. A PCR-RFLP method to identification of the important opportunistic Fungi: Candida Species, Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillus fumigatus and Fusarium solani. Journal of Public Health, No. 30: 103-106.
RAHIMIAN, H., Z. NICKRAVESH, F. ARABI and V. REZAEIAN, 2004. The interference of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni in blossom blast of peach in Mazandaran. Proceeding of the 16th Plant Protection Congress of Iran, Tabriz. 424p.
SCHAAD, N. W., J. B. JONES and W. CHUN, 2001. Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria. (3rd ed.). APS Press, USA.
SCHISLER, D. A., W. J. JANISIEWICZ, T. BOEKHOUT, and C. P. KURTZMAN, 2011. Agriculturally important yeasts: Biological control of field and postharvest diseases using yeast antagonists, and yeasts as pathogens of plants. pp. 45-52. In: Kurtzman, C. P., Fell J. W. and Boekhout T. (eds.), The Yeasts, a Taxonomic Study (5th ed.). Elsevier, London.
SCORZETTI, G., J. FELL, A. FONSECA and A. STATZELL-TALLMAN, 2002. Systematics of basidiomycetous yeasts: A comparison of large subunit D1/D2 and internal transcribed spacer rDNA regions. FEMS Yeast Research, No. 2: 495-517.
SHAMS-BAKHSH, M. and H. RAHIMIAN, 1989. Identification of bacterial canker agent of stone fruits in Mazandaran. Proceeding of the 9th Plant Protection Congress of Iran, Mashhad. 134p.
SHAMS-BAKHSH, M. and H. RAHIMIAN, 1997. Comparative study on agents of citrus blast and bacterial canker of stone fruits in Mazandaran. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology, No. 33: 132-143.
WHITE, T. J., T. BRUNS, S. LEE and J. W. TAYLOR, 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. pp. 315-322. In: Innis, M. A., Gelfand, D. H., Sninsky, J. J. and White T. J. (eds). PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, USA. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,111 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,329 |
||