| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,110 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,666 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 49,828,669 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 80,173,108 |
Intraguild predation by Hippodamia variegata (Col.: Coccinellidae) on the parasitoid wasp, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hym.: Braconidae) | ||
| Journal of Entomological Society of Iran | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 36، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 66، اسفند 2016، صفحه 205-216 اصل مقاله (223.48 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| M. Toosi1؛ A. Rasekh* 2؛ N. Osawa3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student in Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| 3Laboratory of Forest Ecology Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University, 606-8502 Japan | ||
| چکیده | ||
| Intraguild predation is defined as killing and eating another predator species as potential competitors that depends upon the same or limited resources. In this study, intraguild predation between the ladybird Hippodamia variegata Goeze and the parasitoid wasp Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) was investigated in association with cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii, on cucumber plants. Host preference for healthy or previously parasitized aphids in third instar larvae and adult females of H. variegata was studied in a choice access situation as well as in a Y-tube olfactometer bioassay. We cut an antenna of each experimental aphid to reliably distinguish the parasitized aphids from healthy ones. All experiments were performed at 22±1°C, 60%–70% RH, and a 16:8 (L:D) photoperiod. Based on the pre-test results, cutting the antenna of aphids, did not significantly affect the host preference of adults or third instar larvae of ladybirds. In a choice access test, female ladybirds significantly preferred healthy aphids to previously parasitized ones (24 and 72 hours: t =2.15, df =1,18, P =0.04 and t =6.35, df =1,18, P <0.001, respectively), but third instar larvae behaved differently (t =0.58, df =1,18, P =0.56). According to olfactometer test results, female ladybirds preferred neither healthy aphids nor parasitized ones (χ2 =1.6, df =1,19, P =0.21). It is concluded that preference for healthy aphids over parasitized ones by adult female of H. variegata facilitates the simultaneous application of the both biocontrol agents, H. variegata and L. fabarum. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Aphis fabae؛ Aphis gossypii؛ cutted antenna aphid؛ host preference؛ Y-tube olfactometer | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| شکارگری درونرستهای بین کفشدوزک Hippodamia variegata (Col.: Coccinellidae)و زنبور پارازیتویید Lysiphlebus fabarum (Hym.: Braconidae) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| مهدی طوسی1؛ آرش راسخ2؛ نااویا اوساوا3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حشره شناسی، گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار حشره شناسی، آزمایشگاه اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده تحصیلات تکمیلی کشاورزی، دانشگاه کیوتو ، 8502-606 ژاپن | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| شکارگری درونرستهای یعنی کشتن و خوردن گونههایی که به علت استفاده از منابع مشابه و یا محدود، رقبای بالقوه محسوب میشوند. در این تحقیق شکارگری درونرستهای بین کفشدوزک Hippodamia variegata Goeze و زنبور پارازیتویید (Marshall)Lysiphlebus fabarum با تغذیه از شته جالیز Aphis gossypii Glover روی گیاه خیار بررسی شد. به این منظور ترجیح طعمهای لارو سن سوم و مادههای کفشدوزک بین شتههای بالغ سالم و پارازیته در شرایط دسترسی انتخابی و همچنین در آزمایش بویاییسنجی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در آزمایشها، از بریدن یکی از شاخکهای شتهها برای تشخیص بین شتههای سالم و پارازیته استفاده شد. آزمایشها در شرایط دمایی C˚1±22، رطوبت نسبی 5±65% و دوره نوری 8:16 (روشنایی: تاریکی) انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج پیش آزمایش، بریدن شاخک در شتههای سالم و پارازیته، بر ترجیح غذایی کفشدوزک تأثیر معنیداری نداشت. در آزمایش دسترسی انتخابی، تغذیه کفشدوزک ماده از شتههای پارازیته نشده نسبت به شتههای پارازیته (24 و 72 ساعت قبل) با اختلاف معنیداری بیشتر بود (بهترتیب 04/0= , P18،1=df , 15/2=t و 001/0< , P18،1=df , 35/6= t)، اما لارو سن سوم کفشدوزک میان شتههای سالم و شتههایی که 72 ساعت از پارازیتیسم آنها گذشته بود، تفاوتی قائل نشد (56/0= , P18،1=df , 58/0=t). بر اساس نتایج آزمایشهای بویاییسنجی، کفشدوزکهای ماده در انتخاب شتههای سالم از پارازیته تفاوت معنیداری نشان ندادند (21/0= , P 19،1=df , 60/1= 2χ). ترجیح شتههای سالم در مقایسه با شتههای پارازیته توسط حشرات مادهی H. variegata میتواند یک ویژگی برای کاربرد همزمان این دو عامل کنترل بیولوژیک (H. variegata و L. fabarum) باشد | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| بویایی سنج دوشاخه, ترجیح میزبانی, شته جالیز, شته سیاه باقلا, شته شاخک بریده | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Alaee, T., Allahyari, H. (2013) Prey Preference of Hippodamia variegata (Col.: Coccinellidae) on two aphid species: Lipaphis erysimi and Brevicoryne brassicae. Plant Pests Research 3(3), 11-19. [In Persian with English summary]. Ameri, M., Rasekh, A. & Mohammadi, Z. (2015) A comparison of life history traits of sexual and asexual strains of the parasitoid wasp, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Ecological Entomology 40, 50-61. Bilu, E. & Coll, M. (2007)The importance of intraguild interaction to the combined effect of a parasitoid and predator on aphid population suppression. BioControl 52, 753-763. Bouchard, Y. & Cloutier, C. (1984)Honeydew as a source of host searching kairomones for the aphid parasitoid Aphidius nigripes (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Canadian Journal of Zoology 62, 1513–1520. Brodeur, J. & Rosenheim, A. (2000)Intraguild interaction in aphid parasitoids. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 97, 93–108. Carter, M. C. & Dixon, A. F. G. (1984)Honeydew, an arrestment stimulus for coccinellids. Ecological Entomology 9 383–387. Colfer, R. G. & Rosenheim, J. A. (2001)Predation on immature parasitoids and its impact on aphid suppression. Oecologia 126, 292-304. Debach, P. & Rosen, D. (1991) Biological control by natural enemies. 440 pp. Cambridge University Press. Desneux, N., Decourtye, A. & Delpuech, J. M. (2007)The sublethal effects of pesticides on beneficial arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology 52, 81-106. Fardai, R., Allahyari, H., Rasekh, A., Aldaghi, M. & Farhoodi, F. (2012) Comparative study of life table parameters of Hippodamia variegata (Col.: Coccinellidae) and Aphis fabae (Hem.: Aphididae). Iranian Journal of Plant Protection Science 42(2), 209-215. [In Persian with English summary]. Frazer, B. D., Gilbert, N., Nealis, V. & Raworth, D. A. (1981)Control of aphid density by a complex of predators. The Canadian Entomologist 113, 1035–1041. Fritz, R. S. (1982)Selection for host modification by insect parasitoids. Evolution 36, 283–288. Hagen, K. S. & van den Bosch, R. (1968) Impact of pathogens, parasites and predators on aphids. Annual Review of Entomology 13325–384. Hindayana, D., Meyhofer, R., Scholz, D. & Poehling, H. M. (2001) Intraguild predation among the hoverfly Episyrphus balteatus de Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae) and other aphidophagous predators. Biological Control 20 236–246. Kontodimas, D. C. & Stathas G. j. (2005) Phenology, fecundity and life table parameters of the predator Hippodamia variegata reared on Dysaphis crataegi. BioControl 50, 223–233. Kutuk, H., Yigit, A. & Alaoglu, O. (2011)Intraguild predation of Serangium parcesetosum (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), on whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) parasitized by Eretmocerus mundus (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Biocontrol Science and Technology 21, 985–989. Leclant, F. & Deguine, J. P. (1994) Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae). pp. 285-323 in Matthews, G. A. & Tunstall, J.P. (Eds). Insect pests of cotton. 593 pp. Wallingford Publishing. Losey, J. E. & Denno, R. F. (1998)Interspecific variation in the escape responses of aphids: effect on risk of predation from foliar-foraging and ground-foraging predators. Oecologia 115, 245–252. Lucas, E. (2005) Intraguild predation among aphidophagus predators. European. Journal of Entomology 112, 351–364. Lucas, E., Coderre, D. & Brodeur, J. (1998)Intraguild predation among aphid predators: characterization and influence of extraguild prey density. Ecology 79, 1084–1092. McAllister, M. K. & Roitberg, B. D. (1987)Adaptive suicidal behaviour in pea aphids. Nature 328, 797–799. Mohseni, L., Rasekh, A. & Kocheili, F. (2016) Comparative effect of wasp density in unisexual and bisexual strains of Lysiphlebus fabarum, on superparasitism in the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae. Journal of Plant Protection 30(2), 251–260. [In Persian with English summary]. Mossadegh, M.S., Stary, P. & Salehipour, H. (2011) Aphid parasitoids in a dry lowland area of Khuzestan, Iran (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae). Asian Journal of Biological Sciences 4, 175–181. Nuessly, G. S., Hentz, M. G., Beiriger, R. & Scully, B. T. (2004) Insects associated with faba bean, Vicia faba (Fabales: Fabaceae), in southern Florida. Florida Entomologist 87(2), 204-211. Obrycki, J. J. & Orr, C. J. (1990) Suitability of three prey species for Nearctic populations of Coccinella septempunctata, Hippodamia variegata, and Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 83(4), 1292-1297. Polis, G. A., Myers, C. A. & Holt, R. D. (1989)The ecology and evolution of intraguild predation: Potential competitors that eat each other. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 20, 297–330. Provost, C., Coderre, D., Lucas, E. & Bostanian, N. J. (2003)Impacts of Lambda cyhalothrin on intraguild predation among three mite predators. Environmental Entomology 32, 256–263. Rajabi, GH. (1986) Harmful insects, cold fruit trees. (Hemiptera). 256 pp. Plant Pests Dis. Res. Inst Publishing, Iran. [In Persian]. Rakhshani, E., Talebi, A., Kavallieratos, N., Rezwani, A., Manzari, S. & Tomanović, Ž. (2005) Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in Iran. Journal of Pest Science 78(4), 193–198. Rakhshani, E., Talebi, A.A., Manzari, S., Rezwani, A. & Rakhshani, H. (2006) An investigation on alfalfa aphids and their parasitoids in different parts of Iran, with a key to the parasitoids (Hemiptera: Aphididae; Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae). Journal of Entomological Society of Iran 25(2), 1–14. Roitberg, B. D. & Myers, J. H. (1978)Adaptation of alarm pheromone responses of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris). Canadian Journal of Zoology 56, 103–108. Rosenheim, J. A., Kaya, H. K., Ehler, L. E., Marois, J. J. & Jaffee, B. A. (1995)Intraguild predation among biological-control agents: theory and practice. Biological Control 5, 303–335. Sadeghi, A. (1991) An investigation on the coccinellids fauna of alfalfa fields and determination of species at Karaj. M.Sc. dissertation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Iran. [In Persian with English summary]. Seiedy, M., Heydari, S. & Tork, M. (2015)Orientation of Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to healthy and Beauveria bassiana-infected Aphis fabae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in an olfactometer system. Turkish Journal of Zoology 39, 53–58. Stary, P. (1970) Biology of aphid parasites(Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) with respect to integrated control. 643 pp. Series Entomologica, Junk Publishers, The Hague. Stary, P. (1986) Specificity of parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) to the black bean aphid Aphis fabae complex in agrosystems. Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca 83, 24-29. Stary, P., Remaudière, G., González, D. & Shahrokhi, S. (2000) A review and host associations of aphid parasitoids (Hym., Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Iran. Parasitica 56(1), 15–41. Sunderland, K. D., Axelsen, J. A., Dromph, K., Freier, B., Hemptinne, J. L., Holst, N. H., Mols, P. J. M., Petersen, M. K., Powell, W., Ruggle, P., Triltsch, H. & Winder, L. (1997)Pest control by a community of natural enemies.Acta Jutlandica 72, 271–326. Turchin, P. & Kareiva, P. (1989) Aggregation in Aphis varians: an effective strategy for reducing predation risk. Ecology 70, 1008–1016. Xue, Y., Bahlai, C. A., Frewin, A., McCreary, C. M., DesMarteaux, L. E., Schaefsma, A. W. & Hallentt, R. H. (2012) Intraguild predation of the aphid parasitoid Aphelinus certus by Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis. BioControl 57, 627–634. Yu, D. S., Van Achterberg, C. & Horstmann, K. (2013)World Ichneumonoidea 2011. Taxonomy, Biology, Morphology and Distribution. Taxapad (Scientific Names for Information Management), Interactive Catalogue, Ottawa. Available from: .http://www.taxapad.com (accessed 15 May 2016). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 747 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 575 |
||