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اثرات القاء پلی‌پلوئیدی در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای بر برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه نوروزک ((Salvia leriifolia Benth. | ||
| تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 25، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 49، خرداد 1396، صفحه 24-42 اصل مقاله (510.92 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2017.109815 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بهمن حسینی* 1؛ سپیده جوانبخت2 | ||
| 1هیات علمی دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد، علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| نوروزک (.Salvia leriifolia Benth) گیاهی علفی و چندساله، متعلق به تیره نعناعیان که در سال‌های اخیر خواص مختلف دارویی این گیاه شناخته شده است. پلی‌پلوئیدی درون شیشه‌ای گیاهان دارویی در سال‌های اخیر یکی از موضوعات جالب توجه در بیوتکنولوژی و کشت بافت گیاهی می‌باشند. بر این اساس، با استفاده از غلظت‌های مختلف کلشیسین (0، 05/0، 1/0، 2/0 و 5/0 درصد) در سه سطح زمانی 24، 48 و 72 ساعت، القای پلی‌پلوئیدی در جوانههای انتهایی گیاهچههای باززا شده نوروزکمطالعه شد. برای شناسایی گیاهان پلیپلوئید، خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی، بیوشیمایی و سیتوژنتیکی بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد کهتأثیر تیمارهای مختلف کلشیسین بر درصد زندهمانی گیاهچههای حاصل در سطح احتمال 1 درصد معنیدار میباشد. با مقایسه تیمارهای 05/0، 1/0، 2/0 و 5/0 درصد کلشیسین، بالاترین میزان زندهمانی ریزنمونهها در تیمار 05/0 درصد برابر با 44/84 درصد مشاهده شد. همچنین بالاترین میزان مرگ گیاهچه، در غلظت 5/0 درصد کلشیسین ثبت شد. القاء تتراپلوئیدی سبب تغییرات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی، سیتولوژیکی و ترکیبات شیمیایی از قبیل افزایش طول و عرض روزنه در سطح زیرین برگ، عرض برگ، سطح برگ، میزان کلروفیل برگ، میزان آنتیاکسیدان کل، فنل کل و فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانی شد (آنزیمهای کاتالاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز)، همچنین موجب کاهش طول برگ و تراکم روزنه در واحد سطح برگ شد. تعداد کروموزوم گیاهان دیپلوئید برابر با 22 عدد (2n=2x=22) و در گیاهان تتراپلوئید برابر با 44 (2n=4x=44) بود. بنابراین می‌توان بیان کرد که کلشیسین بهطور مؤثری قابلیت القای پلیپلوئید در گیاه نوروزک را دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| نوروزک؛ کلشیسین؛ پلی‌پلوئیدی؛ کشت درون شیشه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of in vitro polyploidy induction on some morphological, physiological and biochemical traits of Salvia leriifolia Benth | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| B. Hosseini1؛ S. Javanbakht2 | ||
| 1Assoc. Prof., Horticulture Department, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran | ||
| 2M.Sc., Horticulture Department, Urmia University, Urmia, I.R. Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Salvia leriifolia Bent. is a perennial herbaceous plant belongs to Lamiaceae family. Different pharmacological activities of the species were evaluated during recent years. Medicinal plant In vitro ploidy induction was one of the interesting issues in biotechnology and plant tissue culture. Therefore, influence of different colchicineconcentrations (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 %) in three time duration levels (24, 48 and 72 hours) on ploidy induction of in vitro regenerated seedlings of the species was studied. For detection of polyploid plants, morphological, physiochemical, biochemical and cytogeneticall characteristics were analyzed. ANOVA results revealed that, the effects of colchicine concentrations on explants survival rate were significant at p < 0.01. Among the colchicine treatments the highest seedling survival rate (84.44%) was observed by 0.05% treatment. Although the most dead plants, were recorded in high colchicine concentration (0.5%). Induction of tetraploidy in Salvia Leriifolia accompanied by significant changes in different morphological, cytological, physiological and physiochemical characteristics such as, increasing length and width of stomata on leaf surface, leaf width, leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, total antioxidant levels, total phenol and antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase and ascorbate peroxidase), as well as reducing density of stomata per unit leaf area and leaf length. Chromosome number of diploid plants was 2n = 2x = 22, and in tetraploid plants was 2n = 4x = 44. Therefore, colchicine effectively induces polyploidy in the species. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| colchicine, in vitro, polyploidy, Salvia leriifolia, Total antioxidant, total phenol | ||
| مراجع | ||
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