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ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی جمعیتهای بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L.) از نظر صفات زراعی، بازده اسانس و غلظت سیترال | ||
| تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 25، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 50، مهر 1396، صفحه 271-288 اصل مقاله (329.97 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2017.113316 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد حسن رحیمی* 1؛ سعید اهریزاد2؛ ناصر محبعلیپور3 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته دکتری تخصصی اصلاح نباتات، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد | ||
| 2استاد، گروه بهنژادی و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد میانه، میانه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بادرنجبویه بهعنوان یک گیاه دارویی ارزشمند در درمان و تسکین بیماریها کاربرد فراوانی داشته و شناخت کافی از تنوع ژنتیکی و طبقهبندی آن بهمنظور انتخاب ژنوتیپهای مناسب برای اهداف بهنژادی، ضروری بهنظر میرسد. از اینرو، این تحقیق بهمنظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی و روابط بین صفات در 11 جمعیت بادرنجبویه شامل نُه جمعیت ایرانی و دو جمعیت خارجی با استفاده از طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار طی سالهای 1390 و 1391 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه تبریز انجام شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس، بیانگر وجود تنوع ژنتیکی معنیدار از نظر اغلب صفات مورد مطالعه بود. بررسی پارامترهای ژنتیکی نشان داد که صفات درصد و عملکرد اسانس، تعداد ساقه در بوته و وزن تر ساقه و غلظت سیترال در بوته بالاترین مقادیر مربوط به پیشرفت ژنتیکی، ضرایب تنوع ژنتیکی و فنوتیپی را داشتند و بیشترین میزان وراثتپذیری عمومی بهوزن تر ساقه در بوته (71/0=2h)، درصد اسانس (65/0=2h) و تعداد ساقه در بوته (58/0=2h) مشاهده شد. جمعیت اردبیل از نظر غلظت سیترال، درصد و عملکرد اسانس در زمره جمعیتهای برتر قرار داشت. تجزیه همبستگی نشانگر رابطه مثبت و معنیدار عملکرد اسانس با شاخص کلروفیل، طول و عرض برگ و درصد اسانس و همچنین همبستگی منفی و معنیدار با تعداد گره بود. در تجزیه به عاملها بر مبنای مقادیر ویژه بزرگتر از یک بهروش تجزیه به مؤلفههای اصلی، پنج عامل تعیین شد که در مجموع 40/87 درصد از تغییرات کل را تبیین کردند. تجزیه خوشهای جمعیتهای مورد مطالعه را در سه گروه قرار داد. با توجه به تنوع مشاهده شده در این پژوهش، امکان انتخاب جمعیتهای مطلوب و استفاده از آنها در برنامههای بهنژادی مرتبط با بهبود صفات زراعی و اسانس وجود دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اسانس؛ بادرنجبویه؛ تنوع ژنتیکی؛ صفات زراعی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of genetic diversity in populations of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) in terms of agronomic traits, essential oil and citral concentration | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M.H. Rahimi1؛ S. Aharizad2؛ N. Mohebalipour3 | ||
| 1PhD, Graduated from Dept. of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrekord, I.R. Iran | ||
| 2Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, I.R. Iran. | ||
| 3Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Mianeh Branch, I.R. Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| With many applications in treating and relieving of illnesses, lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) is considered as a valuable medicinal plant; as a result, sufficient knowledge about its genetic variation and its classification is necessary for selecting suitable genotypes for breeding purposes. Therefore, present study was to investigate genetic diversity and relationships between several traits of 11 populations of lemon balm consisted of nine Iranian plant populations and two foreign plant populations using randomized completely block design with three replications during 2011 and 2012 in research farm of University of Tabriz. Results of analysis of variance showed that genetic diversity for most of the traits was significant. Study of genetic parameters revealed that percentage and yield of essential oil, number of stems per plant, fresh weight of stem and citral concentration had the highest amounts of genetic advance, genetic and phenotypic coefficient of variations. The highest heritability was observed on fresh weight of stems per plant (h2=0.71), essential oil percentage (h2=0.59) and number of stem per plant (h2=0.58). Ardabil population was superior in terms of citral concentration and percentage and yield of essential oil among the populations. Pearson correlation coefficients indicated a positive and significant relationship between essential oil yield with chlorophyll index, leaf length and width and essential oil percentage and also a significant negative correlation with number of nodes. In factor analysis based on principal component analysis method with eigenvalues greater than one, five factors were determined that a total of 87.40% of the total variance was explained by them. Cluster analysis divided the studied populations into three groups. Due to the observed variability in the present study, selection of desirable populations for breeding programs regarding to improvement of agronomic traits and essential oil of the species is possible. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| agronomic traits, essential oil, Genetic diversity, lemon balm | ||
| مراجع | ||
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