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اثرات کاربرد خارجی سدیم نیترو پروساید در افزایش تحمل به خشکی در دو ژنوتیپ ماریتیغال (Silybium marianum (L.) Gaertn.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 33، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 84، مهر 1396، صفحه 636-648 اصل مقاله (733.82 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.108603.1906 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اسماعیل زنگانی* 1؛ سعید زهتاب سلماسی2؛ بابک عندلیبی3؛ عباسعلی زمانی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز،ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثرات سدیم نیتروپروساید بر افزایش تحمل به خشکی در ماریتیغال (Silybium marianum (L.) Gaertn.)، آزمایشی به‌صورت کرت‌های دو بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه زنجان در سال 1393 انجام شد. در این آزمایش سدیم نیتروپروساید (SNP) در سه سطح صفر، 100 و 200 میکرومول در لیتر به‌عنوان فاکتور اصلی، تنش خشکی در سه سطح شاهد و قطع آبیاری از مرحله ساقه‌روی و گرده‌افشانی تا پایان دوره رشد به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی و دو ژنوتیپ ماریتیغال (مجاری و ساری) به‌عنوان فاکتور فرعی فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. با افزایش شدت خشکی سرعت فتوسنتز برگ حدود 45% نسبت به شاهد در هر دو ژنوتیپ کاهش معنی‌داری نشان داد، در صورتی‌که با کاربرد 100 میکرومولار سدیم نیتروپروساید، فتوسنتز برگ تا حدود 80% و 100% به‌ترتیب در رقم مجاری و اکوتیپ ساری نسبت به عدم کاربرد آن در تنش ساقه‌روی افزایش معنی‌داری یافت. قطع آبیاری سبب کاهش معنی‌دار رنگریزه‌های فتوسنتزی در اکوتیپ ساری گردید، در صورتی‌که این کاهش در زمان تنش ساقه‌روی با کاربرد سدیم نیتروپروساید بهبود یافت. تنش خشکی در هر دو مرحله قطع آبیاری سبب کاهش عملکرد دانه در هر دو ژنوتیپ گردید، در حالی‌که با کاربرد خارجی 100 میکرومولار سدیم نیتروپروساید این کاهش به‌ویژه در اکوتیپ ساری جبران شد. همچنین قطع آبیاری عملکرد ماده مؤثره را کاهش داد ولی این کاهش به‌ویژه در مرحله تنش گرده‌افشانی با افزایش درصد سیلیمارین و عملکرد دانه تحت محلول‌پاشی با 100 میکرومولار SNP جبران گردید. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که غلظت 100 میکرومولار سدیم نیتروپروساید در محافظت از گیاه ماریتیغال با افزایش شدت خشکی و کشت این گیاه در سیستم‌های کمبود آب مؤثر می‌باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اکسید نیتریک؛ سرعت فتوسنتز؛ سیلیمارین؛ قطع آبیاری؛ محتوای نسبی آب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Enhancement of drought stress tolerance in two genotypes of milk thistle (Silybium marianum (L.) Gaertn.) by exogenous application of sodium nitroprusside | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| E. Zangani1؛ S. Zehtab Salmasi2؛ B. Andalibi3؛ A.A. Zamani4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student, Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To evaluate the effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on tolerance enhancement towards drought in Milk thistle (Silybium marianum (L.) Gaertn.), an experiment was conducted in a split split plot restriction in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The study was conducted in the research field of the University of Zanjan in 2014. Sodium nitroprusside at three levels of 0, 100 and 200 µmol l-1 was considered as the main factor, while drought stress at three levels of control and withholding irrigation at stem elongation and anthesis stages were regarded as sub factors. Finally, two genotypes of milk thistle (Hungarian and sari) comprised sub-sub factors. With increasing drought severity, leaf photosynthesis rate decreased significantly up to 45 percent compared with the control in both genotypes. Application of 100 µM SNP increased the leaf photosynthesis during stem elongation by roughly 80 and 100 percent in the Hungarian cultivar and Sari ecotype, respectively compared to non-application of SNP. Drought stress significantly decreased the pigment content in Sari ecotype, while this decrease was compensated by applying SNP during stem elongation. Drought stress in both stages of irrigation withholding reduced the grain yield in both genotypes. However, the exogenous application of 100 µM SNP compensated the reduction of grain yield, particularly in Sari ecotype. In addition, withholding of irrigation reduced the active ingredient yield; however, this reduction was compensated by increasing the content of silymarin and grain yield especially in the stage of anthesis stress with application of 100 µM SNP. Research findings showed that concentration of 100 µM SNP was more efficient to protect the milk thistle with increasing drought severity and cultivation of this plant in the water deficit systems. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| nitric oxide, photosynthesis rate, silymarin, withholding irrigation, relative water content | ||
| مراجع | ||
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