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کارآیی برخی جدایه‌های بومی تریکودرما در القای مقاومت گوجه‌فرنگی به Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici، عامل بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 85، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 105، اسفند 1396، صفحه 219-234 اصل مقاله (683.63 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2017.110229.1163 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شهناز آل آقائی1؛ سعید رضائی* 2؛ مصطفی عبادی3؛ حمیدرضا زمانی زاده4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران | ||
| 4استاد گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی ناشی ازFusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol)، از بیماری‌های خسارت‌زای گوجه‌فرنگی است. کنترل بیماری از طریق القای مقاومت توسط عوامل بیوکنترلی، یک راهکار مدیریتی در جهت کاهش مصرف سموم شیمیایی می‌باشد. لذا، در این مطالعه کارآیی ده جدایه بومی تریکودرما در القای مقاومت علیه قارچ عامل بیماری مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. ارزیابی فنوتیپی القای مقاومت در گلخانه توسط جدایه‌های تریکودرما با دو روش زیست‌سنجی تفکیک ریشه و تزریق به ساقه نشان داد که تیمارهای Th-14+Fol Trichoderma harzianum و Ta-30+Fol Trichoderma atroviride در هر دو آزمون به طور معنی‌داری (P≤0.05) کم‌ترین شدت و وقوع بیماری را داشتند. نتایج حاصل از بررسی قابلیت کلونیزاسیون ریزوسفر توسط جدایه‌های تریکودرما با روش رقیق‌سازی سریالی نیز بیشترین تراکم جمعیت را در این دو تیمار نشان داد. بین تراکم جمعیت جدایه‌های تریکودرما و شدت بیماری همبستگی منفی مشاهده شد. تیمار گیاهچه‌ها با دو جدایه Th-14 و Ta-30 به طور مجزا و در تلفیق با یکدیگر، فعالیت آنزیم‌های پلی فنل اکسیداز و پراکسیداز را به طور معنی‌داری (P≤0.05) در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد (Fol) افزایش داد. نتایج این بررسی می‌تواند در مدیریت تلفیقی بیماری پژمردگی فوزاریومی گوجه‌فرنگی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پلی فنل اکسیداز؛ تریکودرما؛ تزریق به ساقه؛ تفکیک ریشه؛ کنترل زیستی؛ مقاومت سیستمیک القائی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The efficacy of some native Trichoderma isolates in induction of resistance in tomato against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, the causal agent of Fusarium wilt disease | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| SH ALEAGHAEE1؛ S. REZAEE2؛ M. EBADI3؛ H. R. ZAMANIZADEH4 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Pathology College of Agriculture and Natural Resources Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Biology, College of Basic Sciences, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) is one of the most destructive tomato diseases. The disease control through induction of resistance by biocontrol agents is a management strategy to reduce application of chemical fungicides. So, in this study the efficacy of 10 native Trichoderma isolates in induction of resistance against the pathogen was evaluated. In greenhouse, phenotypic evaluation of induction of resistance by Trichoderma isolates with stem-injection and split-root bioassay methods showed the least disease severity and incidence significantly (p≤0.05) in Trichoderma harzianum Th-14+Fol and Trichoderma atroviride Ta-30+Fol treatments. The results of study of rhizosphere colonization ability of Trichoderma isolates by serial dilution method, revealed maximum population density in these two isolates. The disease severity showed negative correlation with Trichoderma population density. The activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase increased significantly (p≤0.05) in the plants treated with Th-14 and Ta-30 isolates compared to control (Fol). The results of this study can be applied in integrated management of tomato Fusarium wilt. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| biological control, induced systemic resistance, Polyphenol oxidase, split-root, stem-injection, Trichoderma isolates | ||
| مراجع | ||
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