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بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت بر عملکرد کمی و کیفی بذر ارقام شبدر | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 20، دوره 6، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 11، خرداد 1396، صفحه 247-257 اصل مقاله (567.57 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ijsst.2017.113943 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمیدرضا داناجو* 1؛ محمد زمانیان2؛ زهرا امینی3 | ||
| 1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد/ رشته زراعت دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اسلامشهر، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 2استادیار پژوهش/ موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران. | ||
| 3دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم و تکنولوژی بذر/ دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت برخصوصیات کمی و کیفی بذر ارقام شبدر این پژوهش به صورت مزرعهای در طی سال زراعی 91 - 1390 با استفاده از امکانات پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذرکرج به صورت کرتهای خرد شده شامل تاریخ کاشت به عنوان عامل اصلی در سه سطح (تاریخ کاشت متداول در 20 شهریور و تاریخ کاشتهای تاخیری در 5 و 20 مهرماه) و ژنوتیپهای شبدر به عنوان عامل فرعی در 10 سطح (شبدر ایرانی 7 رقم، شبدر برسیم وشبدر قرمز یک رقم بهنام نسیم و شبدر لاکی یک رقم بهنام البرز1) در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی (RBCD)با چهار تکرار اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر تاریخ کاشت و رقم برای صفاتی مثل عملکرد بذر، وزن هزاردانه، شاخص برداشت و صفات کیفی بذر در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنیدار است. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که از نظر عملکرد بذر و شاخص برداشت تاریخ کشت اول و از نظر وزن هزاردانه تاریخ کشت دوم برترین تیمار بودند. مقایسه میانگین ارقام نشان داد که شبدر لاکی رقم البرز 1 با عملکرد بذر722.7 کیلوگرم در هکتار، وزن هزاردانه 3.5 گرم و شاخص برداشت 4.5 بهترین رقم از بین ارقام مورد مطالعه است. نتایج صفات کیفی بذر نشان داد که تاریخ کشت اول با 86.4 درصد جوانه زنی و 38.3 سرعت جوانهزنی برترین تیمار است. مقایسه ارقام نشان داد که شبدر ایرانی دیررس رقم شماره 1 با 92.2 درصد جوانهزنی و 43.8 سرعت جوانهزنی برترین رقم است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تاریخ کاشت؛ رقم؛ شبدر؛ صفات کیفی بذر؛ عملکرد بذر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Study of the effect of planting date on seed quantity and quality yield of clover cultivars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H.R. Danajoo1؛ M. Zamaniyan2؛ Z. Amini3 | ||
| 1Master's Degree graduates in agriculture/ Islamic Azad University of Islam-e-Share Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Prof./ Seed and Plant Improvement Institute Karaj, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization,Tehran, Iran. | ||
| 3Master's Degree graduates in science and seed technology/ Mohaghegh-e- Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to study the effects of planting date on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of different clover seed varieties, this research was conducted in a field during cropping year of 2012. The research facilities of Seed and Plant Improvement Institute of Karaj use at this study. This research in split plots including the major factor of planting date on 3 cultivation levels (conventional planting date 11 September and delayed planting date including 5 September and 20 October) and the sub-factor clover genotypes at 10 cultivation levels (Persian clover 7 cultivar, Berseem clover (production in Karaj). red clover, a variety called Nasim and Locki clover, a variety called Alborz 1). This research was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RBCD) with four replications. The results showed that the effect of planting date for traits such as grain yield, harvest index and seed quality traits is significant at one percent level. The results seed quality traits showed that the first planting date (11 September) with 86.4 germination percentage and 38.3 germination rate is the best treatment. Comparing the varieties showed that the Persian clover cultivars number 1 with 92.2% germination and 43.8-rate germination is the highest rate. Comparing the mean of varieties showed that the Crimson clover Alborz number 1 seed with 35 grams weight and the harvest index of 4.5 best among the studied varieties | ||
| مراجع | ||
Abaduz, Gh. 1995. Study on seed and forage cropping patternandsequence of Berseemclover inKhuzestan.5th Iranian Crop Sci. Congr. pp 352.Abdul-baki, A. A., and J. D. Anderson.1975. Vigour determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria. Crop Sci. 13:630-633. Ashraf, M., and M. R. Foolad 2005. Presowing seed treatment, a shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth and crop Yield under saline and non-saline conditions . Adv. Agron. 88: 223-27. Anonymous, 2013. ISTA ruls.www. Seed Test.org. Arzani, A. 2000. The effect of row spacing and seeding rates on dry matter yield and seed yield in berseemclover. J. Sci. Technol. Agric. Nat. Res., Water and Soil Sci. 4(3): 55-64 (In Persian with English abstract). Asgari, A., and A. Moradi Dalini. 2007. Evaluation of yield and yield component sand vegetative characters of canola cultivars at different planting dates in Haji Abad Hormozgan region. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal. 23(3): 419-430. Bacheit , B. R. 1989 . Selection for seed yield production of Egyptian clover ( Tifolium alexan drinum L.) cv. Fahl. Plant Breed.103: 278- 282. Bohrani, M. J. 2001. Processing forage plants.ShirazUniversity. Pp150. Butler, T. J., and G. W. Evers., A. M. Hussey and L. J. Ringer. 2002. Rate of leaf appearance in Crimson clover. Crop Sci. 42: 237-241 Chabok. Kh., and K. Spahbodi. 2011. Seeding dates effects on seed and forage production of Berseem clover (TrifoliumalexandrinumL.) In Mazandaran.Agron. J. (Pajouhesh&Sazandegi) No: 93 pp: 1-7. Gumber, R. K., M. S. Sohoo .1988. Inter relationships among different qualitative traits in persian clover. Indian J. Heredity. 20(1): 46-50. Khodabandeh, N. 1995. The effect of different amounts of seed and planting date on seed productionofBerseemclover. Iranian J. Nat. Res.. 50(1): 43-47. Leto, J., M. Knezeric., and V. Kozumplik., D. Macesic. 1998. Morphological characteristics of Red clover cultivars in the lowland and hilly- mountain region.Morfoloska Svojstva Kultivara Crvene Djetelineu Nizinkomi Brdsko- planinskom. Poljoprivredan Znanstvena Smotra. 63 (3): 139-146. Maguire, J. D. 1962. Speed of germination in selection and evaluation for seedling vigour. Crop Sci. 2: 176-177. Martinello, P., and A, Ciola. 1993.Effect of agronomic factors on annual leguminous forage crop in Mediterranean environments. J. Agron. and Crop Sci. 170: 309-321. Mew, T.W., and J. K. Misra. 1994. A manual of rice seed health testing. International Rice Research Institute. Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines .P.O. Box 933, 1099 Manila, Philippines. Nushcam, A., D. Mazaheri, M. Hoseini, and M. Miranzadeh. 2009. Effect of plant density and planting time on seed yield, forage yield and quality of Egyptian clover (TrifoliumalexandrinumL.). Iranian J. Crop Sci. 11(4): 325-336. (In Persian) Pourtaghi, A. R., F. Darvish., M. Zamanian, and M. J. Mirhadi. 2005. Assessment and comparison of three Berseem clover cultivars in three different planting dates with regard to quantitative and qualitative forage and hay yield in karaj region. J. Agric. Sci. 11(3): 79-86. Sarmadniya, GH. 1995. Seed technology. Pablish of Mashhad Jahad-e-Daneshgahi. 267pp. Sufzadeh, M., S. HoseiniSerghin., L. Pourakbar, and A. Hasanzadeh. 2010.Comparison of yield and morphological traits in seven clover species under Urmia climate.Natl. Conf. on Clim. Change and its Impact on Agric. and the Environ.Urmia. Summer 2010.Zamaniyan, M. 2002. Effect of planting date on yield and seed clover in Karaj. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research. 11(4): 351-365. Abaduz, Gh. 1995. Study on seed and forage cropping patternandsequence of Berseemclover inKhuzestan.5th Iranian Crop Sci. Congr. pp 352.Abdul-baki, A. A., and J. D. Anderson.1975. Vigour determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria. Crop Sci. 13:630-633. Ashraf, M., and M. R. Foolad 2005. Presowing seed treatment, a shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth and crop Yield under saline and non-saline conditions . Adv. Agron. 88: 223-27. Anonymous, 2013. ISTA ruls.www. Seed Test.org. Arzani, A. 2000. The effect of row spacing and seeding rates on dry matter yield and seed yield in berseemclover. J. Sci. Technol. Agric. Nat. Res., Water and Soil Sci. 4(3): 55-64 (In Persian with English abstract). Asgari, A., and A. MoradiDalini. 2007. Evaluation of yield and yield component sand vegetative characters of canola cultivars at different planting dates in Haji Abad Hormozgan region. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal. 23(3): 419-430. Bacheit , B. R. 1989 . Selection for seed yield production of Egyptian clover ( Tifolium alexan drinum L.) cv. Fahl. Plant Breed.103: 278- 282. Bohrani, M. J. 2001. Processing forage plants.ShirazUniversity. Pp150. Butler, T. J., and G. W. Evers., A. M. Hussey and L. J. Ringer. 2002. Rate of leaf appearance in Crimson clover. Crop Sci. 42: 237-241 Chabok. Kh., and K. Spahbodi. 2011. Seeding dates effects on seed and forage production of Berseem clover (TrifoliumalexandrinumL.) In Mazandaran.Agron. J. (Pajouhesh&Sazandegi) No: 93 pp: 1-7. Gumber, R. K., M. S. Sohoo .1988. Inter relationships among different qualitative traits in persian clover. Indian J. Heredity. 20(1): 46-50. Khodabandeh, N. 1995. The effect of different amounts of seed and planting date on seed productionofBerseemclover. Iranian J. Nat. Res.. 50(1): 43-47. Leto, J., M. Knezeric., and V. Kozumplik., D. Macesic. 1998. Morphological characteristics of Red clover cultivars in the lowland and hilly- mountain region.Morfoloska Svojstva Kultivara Crvene Djetelineu Nizinkomi Brdsko- planinskom. Poljoprivredan Znanstvena Smotra. 63 (3): 139-146. Maguire, J. D. 1962. Speed of germination in selection and evaluation for seedling vigour. Crop Sci. 2: 176-177. Martinello, P., and A, Ciola. 1993.Effect of agronomic factors on annual leguminous forage crop in Mediterranean environments. J. Agron. and Crop Sci. 170: 309-321. Mew, T.W., and J. K. Misra. 1994. A manual of rice seed health testing. International Rice Research Institute. Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines .P.O. Box 933, 1099 Manila, Philippines. Nushcam, A., D. Mazaheri, M. Hoseini, and M. Miranzadeh. 2009. Effect of plant density and planting time on seed yield, forage yield and quality of Egyptian clover (TrifoliumalexandrinumL.). Iranian J. Crop Sci. 11(4): 325-336. (In Persian) Pourtaghi, A. R., F. Darvish., M. Zamanian, and M. J. Mirhadi. 2005. Assessment and comparison of three Berseem clover cultivars in three different planting dates with regard to quantitative and qualitative forage and hay yield in karaj region. J. Agric. Sci. 11(3): 79-86. Sarmadniya, GH. 1995. Seed technology. Pablish of Mashhad Jahad-e-Daneshgahi. 267pp. Sufzadeh, M., S. HoseiniSerghin., L. Pourakbar, and A. Hasanzadeh. 2010.Comparison of yield and morphological traits in seven clover species under Urmia climate.Natl. Conf. on Clim. Change and its Impact on Agric. and the Environ.Urmia. Summer 2010.Zamaniyan, M. 2002. Effect of planting date on yield and seed clover in Karaj. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research. 11(4): 351-365. | ||
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