| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,999 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,582 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,282,527 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 21,873,411 |
تأثیر محلول‌پاشی نانو ذرات سیلیسیم بر برخی شاخص‌های مورفولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) در شرایط تنش فلز سنگین سرب | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 33، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 85، دی 1396، صفحه 853-870 اصل مقاله (356.1 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2017.114488.2068 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمیده فاطمی1؛ بهروز اسماعیل پور* 2؛ علی اشرف سلطانی طولا رود3؛ علی نعمت الله زاده4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه علوم خاک، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سیلیسیم دومین عنصر فراوان در کره زمین می‌باشد که می‌تواند اثرات مضر فلزات سنگین را تخفیف دهد. به‌منظور بررسی اثر تغذیه با سطوح نانوذرات سیلیسیم بر شاخص‌های رشدی و فیزیولوژی گیاه گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) در شرایط تنش سرب، یک آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار در گلخانه دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی با رطوبت نسبی 40 تا 50% و میانگین شدت نور 434 لوکس در سال زراعی 96-1395 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل آلودگی خاک توسط محلول کلرید سرب در غلظت‌های شاهد، 500، 1000 و 1500 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم و محلول‌پاشی با نانو ذرات سیلیسم (0، 5/1 و 3 میلی‌مولار) بود. شاخص‌های مورفولوژیک مانند ارتفاع گیاه، تعداد برگ، سطح برگ، وزن تر و خشک بخش هوایی و ریشه، قطر ریشه و ساقه و شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیک شامل رنگریزه‌های فتوسنتزی، نشت غشاء، محتوی آب نسبی و شاخص‌های بیوشیمیایی شامل پرولین، کربوهیدرات محلول، فنل کل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدان اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش سرب بسیاری از صفات مورفولوژیک گیاه گشنیز مانند ارتفاع، وزن تر و خشک گیاه، قطر ریشه و ساقه را به‌طور معنی‌داری کاهش داد، به‌طوری که با افزایش سطح سرب به‌ترتیب سبب کاهش 57، 50، 20، 41، 15، 42 و 25 درصدی در صفات وزن تک بوته، وزن ریشه، قطر طوقه، قطر ریشه، طول ریشه، ارتفاع گیاه، سطح برگ و درصد ماده خشک برگ شد، اما تیمار محلول‌پاشی با 3 میلی‌مولار نانوذرات سیلیسیم در بیشتر صفات مرفولوژیک موجب بهبود شرایط رشدی گیاه گشنیز در شرایط تنش گردید. به‌طوری که با افزایش غلظت سرب میزان کلروفیل a و b، کلروفیل کل، کاروتنوئید و کربوهیدرات کل کاهش یافتند اما تیمار سیلیسیم سبب افزایش میزان آنها در گیاهان تحت تنش شد، درحالی که میزان پرولین، فنل و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی با افزایش غلظت تا 1500 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم سرب به‌طور معنی‌داری افزایش یافت. به‌طور کلی می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری کرد که برای گیاه گشنیز استفاده از نانو ذرات سیلیسیم می‌تواند اثرات منفی تنش سرب را تا حد قابل قبولی کاهش دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کلروفیل؛ تنش فلزات سنگین؛ فنل؛ فلاونوئید؛ نانوذرات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of silicon nano-particle nutrition on growth and physiological characteristics of Coriandrum sativum L. under lead stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Fatemi1؛ B. Esmaielpour2؛ A.A Soltani-Toolarood3؛ A. Nematolah Zadeh4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Horticultural Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardebil, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardebil, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Soil Science, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardebil, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Chemistry Engineering, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardebil, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element in the earth crust. Silicon has been shown to ameliorate the adverse effects of heavy metals on plants. This research was aimed to investigate the effects of silicon nano-fertilizer nutrition on growth and physiological characteristics of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under lead stress. The study was conducted in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with four replications in the research greenhouse of Mohaghegh Ardabili University during 2016. Experimental treatments included soil contamination by PbCl2 (0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg/kg soil) and foliar spraying with silicon nano-fertilizer (0, 1.5 and 3 mM). Morphological studied traits including plant height, leaf number and area, fresh and dry weight of root and plant, root and stem diameter, physiological parameters such as photosynthetic pigments, electrolyte leakage, relative water contents, proline, carbohydrates, phenol, antioxidants were measured. Results indicated that lead stress reduced the morphological characteristics such as plant height, plant fresh and dry weight, and stem and root diameter, so that the increased content of lead led to decrease of plant dry weight, root weight, root and stem diameter, root length, plant height, leaf area and dry weight up to 57, 50, 20, 41, 15, 42 and 25%, respectively. Foliar spraying with silicon (3mM) led to improve most of morphological traits of coriander. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid and carbohydrate in leaves was increased with increasing lead concentration in soil. However, silicon foliar spraying improved these traits under lead stress. Proline, phenol, flavonoid and antioxidant capacity were significantly increased with increasing concentration of lead up to 1500mg/kg. In general, it can be concluded that the use of silicon nanoparticles for coriander can reduce the negative effects of lead stress to a satisfactory level. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| chlorophyll, heavy metal stress, phenol, flavonoid, Nanoparticles | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Adtina, M.H. and Beasford, R.T., 1986. The effects of silicon on cucumber plants grown in recirculating nutrient solution. Journal of Annual of Botany, 58(3): 343-351. - Agarie, S., Uchida, H., Agata, W., Kubota, F. and Kaufman, P.B., 1993. Effects of silicon on growth, dry matter production and photosynthesis in rice plant (Oryza sativa L.). Crop Production and Improvement Technology, 34: 225-234. - Ahmed, M., Hassen, F. and Khurshid, Y., 2011. Does silicon and irrigation have impact on drought tolerance mechanism of sorghum? Agriculture Water Management, 98(12): 1808-1812. - Akbari Mogadam, R., 2012. Dry matter partitioning and wheat varieties morphological reaction under drought conditions at different growth stages. Ph.D. Thesis. Zabul Agriculture University, Zabul, Iran. - Akinci, I.E, Akinci, S. and Yilmaz, K., 2010. Response of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to lead toxicity: Growth, element uptake, chlorophyll and water content. African Journal of Agriculture Research, 5: 416-423. - Akowuah, G.A., Ismail, Z., Norhayati, I. and Sadikun, A., 2005. The effects of different extraction solvents of varying polarities on polyphenols of Orthosiphon stamineus and evaluation of the free radicalscavenging activity. Food Chemistry, 93: 311-317. - Al-aghabary, K., Zhu, Z. and Shi, Q., 2004. Influence of silicon supply on chlorophyll content, on chlorophyll flurescence, and antioxidative enzyme activities in tomato plants under salt stress. Journal of Plant - Alloway, B.J., 2010. Heavy Metals in Soils: Trace Metals and Metalloids in Soils and their Bioavailability. Blackie Academic and Professional, London, England, 613p. - Almeida, A.F., Valle, A.A., Mielke, M.S., Gomes, F.P. and Braz, J., 2007. Tolerance and prospection of phytoremediator woody species of Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr. Plant Physiology, 19: 83-98. - Amiri A.,Bagheri, A., Khajeh, M., Najafabadi pour, F. and Yadollahi, P., 2014. Effect of silicone foliar application on yield and antioxidant enzymes activity of safflower under limited irrigation conditions. Journal of Crop Production Research, 5(4): 372-361. - Arnon, D.I., 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-15. - Asgari, H., Najafi, N. and Moghise, E., 2015. Effect of soil contamination with heavy metals on the production of medicinal plants. Journal of Land Management, 2(2): 11-122. - Bates, L.S., Waldern, R.P. and Tear, I.D., 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water stress studies. Plant Soil, 39: 205-207. - Beketov, E.V., Pakhomov, V.P. and Nesterova, O.V., 2005. Improved method of flavonoid extraction from bird cherry fruits. Pharmaceutical Chemistry Journal, 39(6): 316-318. - Cenkci, S., Cioerci, I.H., Yildiz, M., Oezay, C., Bozdao, A. and Terzi, H., 2010. Lead contamination reduces chlorophyll biosynthesis and genomic template stability in Brassica rapa L. Environmental Experimental Botany, 67: 467-470. - Chen, W., Yao, X., Cai, K. and Chen, J., 2011. Silicon alternatives drought stress of rice plants by improving plant water status, photosynthesis and mineral nutrient absorption. Biological Trace Element Research, 142(1): 67-76. - El-Rjoob, A.W.O., Massadeh, A.M. and Omari, M.N., 2008. Evaluation of Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Ni and Fe levels in Rosmarinus officinalis Labaiatae (Rosemary) medicinal plants and soils in selected zones in Jordan. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 140: 61-68. - Estrella-Gomez, N., Mendoza-Cozatl, D., Moreno-Sanchez, R., Gonzalez-Mendoza, D., Zapata-Perez, O., Martinez-Hernandez, A. and Santiamaria, J.M., 2009. The pb-hyperaccumulator aquatic fern (Salviana minima), responds to pb+2 by increasing phyochelatins via changes in smpcs expression and in ohytochelatin synthase activity. Aquatic Toxicology, 91: 320-328. - Ghelich, S., Zarinkamar, F. and Niknam, V., 2015. Lead accumulation and it's effects on peroxidase activity, phenolic and flavonoidd compounds in seedling stage of Medicago sativa L. Journal of Plant Research, 28(1): 164-174. - Girisha, S.T. and Ragavendra, V.B., 2009. Accumulation of heavy metals in leafy vegetables grown in urban areas by using sewage water and its effect. Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 42(10): 956-959. - Gong, H., Chen, K., Chen, G., Wang, S. and Zhang, C.H., 2003. Effects of silicon on growth of wheat under drought. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 26: 1055-1063. - Han, J.W., Yoon, M., Kupper, F.D., Klochkova, T.A., Oh, J.S., Rho, J.R. and Kim, G.H., 2012. Accumulation of galloyl derivatives in a green alga, Spyrogyra varinas, in response to cold stress. Journal of Applied Phycology, 24: 1279-1286. - Hattab, S., Chouba, L., Ben, M., Mehouachi, T. and Boussetta, H., 2009. Cadmium and copper induced DNA damage in Pisum sativum roots and leaves as determined by the comet assay. Plant Biosystems, 10: 1080-1087. - Irrigoyen, J.H, Emerich, D.W. and Sanchez Diaz, M., 1992. Water stress induced changes in concentration of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 84: 55-66. - Khatibi, M., Rashed, M.H., Ganjeali, A. and Lahooti, M., 2008. The effects of different nickel concentration on some morpho-physiological characteristics of parsley. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 2: 292-302. - Khoshgofatr Manesh, A., 2007. Plant Nutrition. Isfahan University of Technology Publication Center, 542p. - Kovacik, J., Klejdus, B., Hedbavny, J., Covska, S. and Zon, J., 2010. Significance of phenols in cadmium and nickel uptake. Journal of Plant Physiology, 168: 576-584. - Liang, Y., Sun, W., Zhu, Y.G. and Christie, P., 2007. Mechanisms of silicon mediated alleviation of a biotic stresses in higher plants: a review. Environmental Pollution, 147: 422-428. - Liang, Y., Wong, J. and Long, W., 2005. Silicon mediated enhancement of cadmium tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.) grown in cadmium contaminated soil. Chemosphere, 58: 475-483. - Lin, C., Liu, J., Zhu, T., Sheng, L. and Wang, D., 2009. Soil amendment application levels. Environmental & Experimental Botany, 65: 410-416. - Liu, J., Zhang, H., Zhang, Y. and Chai, T., 2013. Silicon attenuates cadmium toxicity in Solanum nigrum L. by reducing cadmium uptake and oxidative stress. Plant Physiology Biochemical, 68: 1-7. - Ma, J.F. and Yamaji, N., 2008. Functions and transport of silicon in plants. Cellular and Molecular Life Science, 65: 3049-3057. - Ma, J.F., Tamai, K., Ichii, M. and Wu, K., 2002. A rice mutant defective in active Si uptake. Plant Physiology, 130: 2111-2117. - Maleki, A., Gharibi, F., Alimohammadi, M., Daraei, H. and Zandsalimi, Y., 2014. Concentration levels of heavy metals in irrigation water and vegetables grown in peri-urban areas of Sanandaj, Iran. Journal of Advances in Environment Health Research, 1(2): 81-88. - Marinova, D., Ribarov, F. and Atanassova, M., 2005. Total phenolics and total flavonoids in Bulgarian fruits and vegetables. Journal of the University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 40(3): 255-260. - Matsouka, I., Beri, D., Chinou, I., Haralampidis, K.G. and Spyropoulos, C., 2011. Metals and selenium induce medicarpin accumulation and excretion from the roots of fenugreek seedlings: a potential detoxification mechanism. Plant and Soil, 343(1-2): 235-245. - Michalska, M. and Asp, H., 2001. Influence of lead and cadmium on growth, heavy metal uptake and nutrient concentration on three lettuce cultivars grown in hydroponic culture. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analyses, 32: 571-583. - Moss, B., 1973. The influence of environmental factors on the distribution of freshwater algae: an experimental study: II. The role of pH and the carbon dioxide-bicarbonate system. The Journal of Ecology, 61: 157-177. - Pais, I. and Jones, J., 2000. The Handbook of Trace Elements. St Lucie Press, 240p. - Parsadoost, F., Bahreininejad, B., Safarisanjani, A. and Kaboli, M., 2007. Phytoremediation of lead with native rangeland plants in Irankooh polluted soils. Pajuhesh va Sazandegi, 75: 54-63. - Piotrowska, A., Bajguz, A., Godlewska-Z-Ylkiewicz, B. and Zambrzycka, E.B., 2010. Changes in growth, biochemical components, and antioxidant activity in aquatic plant Wolffia arrhiza (Lamiaceae) exposed to cadmium and lead. Archives Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 58: 594-604. - Prabagar, S., Hodson, M.J. and Evans, D.E., 2011. Silicon amelioration of aluminium toxicity and cell death in suspension cultures of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Environmental Experiment Botany, 70: 266-276. - Prakash, V., 1990. Leafy Spices. Boca Raton: CRC Press Inc, 128p. - Rai, V. and Mehrotra, S., 2008. Chromium-induced changes in ultra morphology and secondary metabolites of Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn. an hepatoprotective plant. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 147: 307-315. - Rai, V., Khatoon, S., Rawat, A.K. and Mehrotra, S., 2007. Disruption of elements uptake due to excess chromium in Indian medicinal plants. Biological Trace Element Research, 120: 127-132. - Redmann, R.E., Haraldson, J. and Gusta, L.V., 1986. Leakage of UV absorbing substances as a measure of salt injury in leaf tissue of woody species. Physiologia Plantarum, 67: 87-91. - Ritchie, S.W. and Nguyen, H.T., 1990. Leaf water content and gas exchange parameters of two wheat genotypes differing in drought resistance. Crop Science, 30: 105-111. - Ruley, A.T., Nilesh, C.S., Shivendra, V.S., Shree, R.S. and Kenneth, S.S., 2006. Effect of lead and chelators on growth, photosynthetic activity and pb uptake in Sesbania dormancies grown in soil. Environment Pollution, 144: 11-18. - Saadatmand, M. and Enteshary, S.H., 2013. The effects of pretreatment duration with silicon on salt stress in Iranian borage (Echium amoenum Fisch & C.A. mey). Journal of science and Technology of Greenhouse culture, 3(4): 45-47. - Sang, G.K., Ki, W.K., Eun, W.P. and Doil, C., 2002. Silicon-induced cell wall fortification of rice leaves: A possible cellular mechanism of enhanced host resistance to blast. Phytopathology, 92: 1095-1103. - Savvas, D., Manos, G., Kotsiras, A. and Souvaliotis, S., 2002. Effect of silicon and nutrient induced salinity on yield, flower quality and nutrient uptake of gerbera grown in a closed hydroponic system. Journal of Applied Botanic, 76: 153-158. - Sefidkon, F., 1999. Effect of essential oil in shoot and fruit of coriander. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 13: 32-38. - Seregin, I.V. and Ivanov, V.B., 2001. Physiological aspects of cadmium and lead toxic effects on higher plants. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 48: 523-544. - Shahnaz, G., Enteshari, S., Delvar, K. and Behyar, M.B., 2011. Interactive effects of silicon and aluminum on the malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, protein and phenolic compounds in Borago officinalis L. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(24): 5818-5827. - Sharma, P. and Dubey, R.S., 2005. Lead toxicity in plants. Plant physiology, 17: 35-52. - Shivhare, L. and Sharma, S., 2012. Effect of toxic heavy metal contaminated soil on an ornamental plant Georgina wild (Dahlia). Journal of Environment Analytical Toxicology, 2: 156-159. - Sinha, P., Dube, B.K., Srivastava, P. and Chatterjee, C., 2006. Alteration in uptake and translocation of essential nutrients in cabbage by excess lead. Chemosphere, 65: 651-656. - Soltani, F., Ghorbanli, M. and Manouchehri-kalantari, K.H., 2006. Effect of cadmium on photosynthetic pigments, sugars and malondealdehyde content in Brassica napus L. Iranian Journal of Biology, 2: 136-145. - Street, R.A., Kulkarni, M.G., Stirk, W.A., Southway, C. and Van Staden, J., 2007. Toxicity of metal elements on germination and seedling growth of widely used medicinal plants belonging to hyacinthaceae. Bulletin Environmental Contamination Toxicology, 79: 371-376. - Torabi, F., Majd, A., Enteshary, S.H. and Ayrian, S., 2013. Study of effect of silicon on some anatomical and physiological characteristics of borage (Borago officinalis L.) in hydroponic conditions. Journal of Cell & Tissue, 4(3): 275-285. - Verma, S. and Dubeym, R.S., 2001. Effect of cadmium on soluble sugars and enzymes of their metabolism in rice. Biologia Plantarum, 44: 117-123. - Veselov, D., Kuudoyarova, G., Syymonyan, M. and Veselov, S.T., 2003. Effect of cadmium on ion uptake, transpiration and cytokinin content in wheat seadling. Plant Physiology, 117: 353-359. - Walker, M.A. and Mc Kersie, B.D., 1993. Role of the ascorbate glutathione antioxidant system in chilling resistance of tomato. Journal of Plant Physiology, 141: 234-239. - Ye, J., Yan, C.L., Liu, J.C., Lu, H.L., Liu, T. and Song, Z.F., 2012. Effects of silicon on the distribution of - Zhiqiang, X., Qixing, Z. and Weitao, L., 2009. Joint effects of cadmium and lead on seedlings of four Chinese cabbage cultivars in northeastern China. Environmental Sciences, 21: 1598-1606. - Zhu, Z., Wei, G., Li, J., Qian, Q. and Yu, J., 2004. Silicon alleviates salt stress and increases antioxidant enzymes activity in leaves of salt-stressed cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Plant Science, 167(3): 527-533. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,204 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 944 |
||