| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,037 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,984 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,785,039 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,193,178 |
بررسی همولوژی کروموزومی بین سه گونه آژیلوپس (Aegilops sp) ایرانی حامل ژنوم D و گندم نان (Triticum aestivum) | ||
| تحقیقات ژنتیک و اصلاح گیاهان مرتعی و جنگلی ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28، شهریور 1386، صفحه 95-112 اصل مقاله (284.89 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrfpbgr.2007.114957 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد جعفرآقایی* 1؛ محمدرضا نقوی1؛ علیرضا طالعی1؛ منصور امیدی1؛ جواد مظفری2 | ||
| 1دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 2مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، کرج. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ژنوم D یکی از سه ژنوم اصلی در گندم نان Triticum aestivum نقش مهمی در بسیاری از صفات زراعی گندم نان بعهده دارد. این ژنوم از گونه Aegilops tauschii به گندم نان به‌ارث رسیده است. علاوه بر آن گونه‌های A. cylindrica و A. crassa نیز ژنوم D را حمل می‌کنند و در ایران گسترش دارند. به منظور مطالعه همولوژی بین ژنوم D در میان این سه گونه با ژنوم D گندم نان و بررسی امکان انتقال ژن از این گونه‌ها به گندم زراعی از هر گونه 13 نمونه و در مجموع 52 نمونه از نواحی مختلف انتخاب گردید. در مزرعه هیبریدهای بین‌گونه‌ای بین نمونه‌های آژیلوپس و گندم نان هر دسته تهیه گردید. سپس وضعیت جفت شدن کروموزومهای میوزی در خوشه‌های جوان هیبریدهای بین‌گونه‌ای مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که امکان تهیه هیبریدهای بین این گونه‌ها حداقل با استفاده از روشهای نجات جنین وجود دارد. ژنوم گونه A. tauschii شباهت زیادی با ژنوم D گندم نان نشان داد، به طوری که کروموزومهای دوگونه قادر بودند با یکدیگر جفت شده و به طور متوسط 9/11 کیاسما در هر سلول تشکیل دهند، اما میزان جفت شدن کروموزومهای گونه A. cylindrica با گندم نان کمتر بوده و به‌طور متوسط 37/7 کیاسما در هر سلول مشاهده گردید. شباهت کروموزومهای فرم تتراپلوئید گونه A. crassa با گندم نان نیز بسیار ناچیز بوده و کروموزومهای این گونه به طور متوسط تنها 42/3 کیاسما با کروموزومهای گندم نان تشکیل می‌دادند. با این حال، حتی تشکیل تعداد کمی کیاسما در هیبریدهای بین‌گونه‌ای امکان انتقال ژن از این گونه‌ها را به گندم نان فراهم می‌نماید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Aegilops؛ گندم؛ تلاقی بین‌گونه‌ای؛ ژنوم D و همولوژی کروموزومی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| A study of chromosome homology between three Iranian Aegilops species with D genome and bread wheat (T. aestivum) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Jaffar Aghaei1؛ M.R. Naghavi1؛ A.R. Taleei1؛ M. Omidi1؛ J. Mozafari2 | ||
| 1Agricultural college, University of Tehran | ||
| 2Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, karj. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The D genome of T. aestivum has an important role in agronomic traits of bread wheat. It has been inherited to bread wheat from A. tauschii. Moreover, two Iranian species A. cylindrica and A. crassa have received D genome from A. tauschii. 52 samples with 13 samples from each species were selected from different areas, to study homology between D genome of these species and possibility of transferring alien genes to bread wheat. Interspecific hybrids between Aegilops and bread wheat samples of each set were made in farm. The meiotic chromosomal pairing was studied in young spikes of F1 hybrids of Aegilops species and bread wheat. Results suggested that hybridization between them is possible however by embryo rescue. The genome of A. tauschii is very similar to D genome of bread wheat. Usually, homologues chromosomes of D genome in two species were paired to each other and average of chiasmata was 11.9 per cell. Lower homology was found between genome of A. cylindrica and bread wheat. The average of chiasmata was 7.37 per cell in these crosses. Homology between genome of tetraploid A. crassa and bread wheat was very low and average of chiasmata in this cross was just 3.42 chiasmata per cell. These species are very important in bread wheat improvement because transferring alien genes to bread wheat is possible even by a few chiasmata formations in hybrids. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Wheat, Aegilops, interspecific hybridization and chromosomal homology | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
جعفرآقایی، م.، پندینن، گ.، چرنف، و. و بزرگی‌پور، ر.، 1381. تلاقی‌پذیری در میان تعدادی از گونه‌های آژیلوپس و گندم نان. مجله علوم کشاورزی ایران. 33(3): 374-367. - Assefa, S. and Fehrmann, H., 2004. Evaluation of A. tauschii for resistance to wheat stem rust and inheritance of resistance genes in hexaploid wheat. Genetic Resources and Crop Evaluation. 51:663-669. - Badaeva, E.D., Amosova, A.V., Muravenko, O.V., Samatadze, T.E., Chikida, N.N., Zelenin, A.V., Friebe, B. and Gill, B.S., 2002. Genome differentiation in Aegilops.3. Evolution of the D genome cluster. Plant Syst. Evol. 231: 163-190. - Badaeva, E.D., Friebe, B. and Gill, B.S., 1996. Genome differentiation in Aegilops. 1. Distribution of highly repetitive DNA sequences on chromosome of diploid species. Genome 39: 293-306. - Badaeva, E.D., Friebe, B., Zoshchuk, S.A., Zelenin, A.V. and Gill, B.S., 1998. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of tetraploid and hexaploid Aegilops crassa Chromosome Research 6:629-637 - Chapman, V. and Miller. T.E., 1978. The relationship of the D genomes of hexaploid A. crassa, A. vavilovii and hexaploid wheat. Wheat inf. Serv. 47: 17-20. - del Blanco, I.A., Rajaram, S., Kronstad, W.S. and Reynolds, M.P., 2000. Physiological performance of synthetic hexaploid wheat derived populations. Crop Sci. 40:1257-1263. - Devorak, J., Luo, M.C., Yang, Z.L. and Zhang, H.B., 1998. The structure of the Aegilops tauschii genepool and the evolution of hexaploid wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 97: 657-670. - Donald, W.W. and Ogg, A.G., 1991. Biology and control of jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica), a review. Weed Technol. 53: 3-17. - Dubkovsky, J. and Dvorak, J., 1995. Genome origin of Triticum cylindricum, Triticum triunciale, and Triticum ventricosum (Poaceae) inferred from variation in repeated nucleotide sequences: A methodological study. Amer. J. Bot. 81: 1327-1335. - Endo, T.R., 1979. Selective gametocidal action of a chromosome of Aegilops cylindrica in a cultivar of common wheat. Wheat inf. Serv. 50: 24-28. - Endo, T.R., 1990. Gametocidal chromosomes and their induction of chromosome mutations in wheat. Jpn. J. Genet. 65: 135–152. - Friebe, B., Mukai, Y. and Gill, B.S., 1992. C-banding polymorphism in several accessions of Triticum tauschii (Aegilops squarosa). Genome 35: 192-199. - Gill, B.S. and Friebe, B., 2002. Cytogenetics, phylogeny and evolution of cultivated wheats. FAO Corporate Document Repository. - Gill, B.S. and Raupp, W.J., 1987. Direct genetic transfer from Aegilops squarrosa to Hexaploid wheat. Crop Sci. 27: 445-450. - Gill, B.S., Raupp, W.J., Sharma, H.C., Browder, L.E., Hatchett, J.H., Harvey, T.L., Moseman, J.G. and Wains, J.G., 1986. Resistance in Aegilops squarrosa to wheat leaf rust, whaet powdery mildew, green bug, and Hessian fly. Plant Dis. 70:553-556. - Guadagnuolo R., Savova-Bianchi, D. and Felber, F., 2001. Gene flow from wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host.), as revealed by RAPD and microsatellite markers Theor Appl Genet 103:1–8 - Gupta, R.B. and MacRitchie, F., 1994. Allelic variation at glutenin subunit and gliadin loci, Glu-1, Glu-3 and Gli-1, of common wheats. II. Biochemical basis of the allelic effects on dough properties. J Cereal Sci 19:19–29 - Kihara, H., Yamashita, K.Y. tanaka, M. and Sakamoto, S., 1957. Geographical distribution of 4x and 6x forms of Aegilops crassa. Wheat Information Service. 5: 11-12 - Kihara, H., Yamashita, K. and Tanaka, M., 1965. Morphological, physiological, genetical and cytological studies in Aegilops and Triticum collected from Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iran. In: K. Yamashita (Ed.) Cultivated plants and their relatives. KOEI Printing. Kyoto. Japan. - Kimber, G. and Feldman, M., 1987. Wild wheat, an introduction. College of Agriculture University of Missouri, Columbia. 142 pp. - Kimber, G. and Zhao, Y.H., 1983. The D genome of the Triticeae. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 25:581-589. - Köszegi, B., Friebe, B. and Sutka, J., 1998. Cytogenetic studies on Triticum aestivum × Aegilops cylindrica hybrids and derivatives. Acta Agron. Hungarica, 46: 1–7. - Lagudah, E.S., O’Brien, L. and Halloran, G.M., 1988. Influence of gliadin composition and high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin on dough properties in an F3 population of a bread wheat cross. J Cereal Sci 7:33–42 - Linc, G., Friebe, B.R., Kynast, R.G., Molnar-Lang, M., Köszegi, B., Sutka, J. and Gill, B.S., 1999. Molecular cytogenetic analysis of Aegilops cylindrica Host. Genome 42: 497–503. - Malik, R., Smith, C.M., Harvey, T.L. and Brown-Guedira, G.L., 2003. Genetic mapping of wheat curl mite resistance genes Cmc3 and Cmc4 in common wheat. Crop Sci. 43: 644-650. - Morrison, L.A., Riera-Lizarazu, O., Cremieux, L. and Mallory-Smith, C.A., 2002. Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) _ Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Hybrids: Hybridization Dynamics in Oregon Wheat Fields. Crop Sci. 42:1863–1872 - Mujeeb-Kazi, A., Roldan, S., Suh, D.Y., Sitch, L.A. and Farooq, S., 1987. Production and cytogenetic analysis of hybrids between Triticum aestivum and some caespitose Agropyron species. Genome 29: 537-553. - Mujeeb-Kazi, A. and Miranda, J.L., 1985. Enhanced resolution of somatic chromosome constriction as an aid to identifying intergeneric hybrids among some Triticeae. Cytologia 50: 701-709. - Nasuda, S., Friebe, B. and Gill, B.S., 1998. Gametocidal Genes Induce Chromosome Breakage in the Interphase Priorto the First Mitotic Cell Division of the Male Gametophyte in Wheat. Genetics 149: 1115–1124 - Ogihqara, Y. and Tsunewaki, K., 1984. The diversity of chloroplast DNA among Triticum and Aegilops. In: Sakamoto S. (ed.) Proc. 6th Int. wheat Genet. Symp., Kyoto, apan, 28 Nov.-3 Dec. 1983. pp. 407-713. - Payne, P.I., Corfield, K.G., Holt, L.M. and Blackman, J.A., 1981. Correlations between the inheritance of certain high-molecular-weight subunits of glutenin and bread-making quality in progenies of six crosses of bread wheat. J Sci Food Agric 32:51–60 - Rajaram, S., 2000. International wheat breeding: past and present achievements and future directions. Oregon State University, Extension service. Special report 1017. - Rayburn, A. and Gill, B.S., 1987. Molecular analysis of the D-genome of the Triticeae. Theor. Appl. Genet. 73: 385-388. - Riley, R. and Chapman, V., 1960. The D genome of Hexaploid wheat. Wheat Info. Serv. 11: 18-19. - Schachtman, D.P., Lagudah, E.S. and Munns, R., 1992. The expression of salt tolerance from Triticum tauschii in hexaploid wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 84:714-719. - Singh, S., Franks, C.D., Huang, L., Brown-Guedira, G.L., Marshall, D.S., Gill, B.S. and Fritz, A., 2004. Lr41, Lr39, and a leaf rust resistance gene from Aegilops cylindrica may be allelic and are located on wheat chromosome 2DS. Theor Appl Genet 108:586–591 - Snyder, J.C., Mallory-Smith, C.A., Balter, S., Hansen, J. and Zemetra, R.S., 2000. Seed production on Triticum aestivum by Aegilops cylindrica hybrids in the field. Weed Sci. 48: 588-593. - Tsunewaki, K., 1993. Genome-plasmon intractions in wheat. Jpn. J. Genet. 68: 1-34. - Tsunewaki, K., 1996. Plasmon analysis as the counterpart of genome analysis. In: Jauhar PP (ed) Methods in genome analysis of plants: their merits and pitfalls. CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp. 271-299. - Van Slageren, M.W., 1994. Wild Wheats; a Monograph of Aegilops L. and Amblyopyrum (Jaub. & Spach) Eig (Poaceae). Agricultural University Wageningen: the Netherlands; ICARDA: Aleppo, Syria. Pp. 512. - Wang, Z., Zemetra, R.S., Hansen, J., Hang, A., Mallory-Smith, C.A. and Burton, C., 2002. Determination of paternity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) X Jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host) BC1 plants by using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) technique. Crop Sci. 42: 939-943 - Witcombe, J.R., 1983. A Guide to the Species of Aegilops L. Their Taxonomy, Morphology and Distribution. Rome: IBPGR Secretariat. - Zemetra, R.S., Hansen, J. and Mallory-Smith, C.A., 1998. Potential for gene transfer between wheat (Triticum aestivum) and jointed goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica). Weed Sci. 46: 313-317. - Zhang, H.B. and Devorak, J., 1992. The genome origin and evaluation of hexaploid Triticum crassum and Triticum syriacum determined from variation in repeated nucleotide sequences. Genome 35: 509-515. - Zhao, Y.H. and Kimber, G., 1984. New hybrids with D-genome wheat relatives. Genetics 106:509-515.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 555 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 426 |
||