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میزان شکارگری و ترجیح سن شکارگرNesidiocoris tenuis درتغذیه از تخم بید آرد، Ephestia kuehniella و تخم بید گوجهفرنگیTuta absoluta در آزمایشگاه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 5، شماره 1، شهریور 1396، صفحه 31-43 اصل مقاله (418.64 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2017.116040 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سید حسن ملکشی1؛ رضا طلایی حسنلویی* 2؛ جعفر محقق نیشابوری3؛ حسین اللهیاری4 | ||
| 1موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه تهران، کرج | ||
| 3موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور | ||
| 4دانشگاه تهران-اکولوژی و کنترل بیولوژیک حشرات | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تخمهای بید آرد، Ephestia kuehniella یکی از منابع غذایی غنی از پروتئین برای تولید انبوه دشمنان طبیعی و بهویژه سنNesidiocoris tenuis میباشد که از آن بهعنوان طعمۀ جایگزین برای استقرار سن شکارگر در گلخانههای گوجهفرنگی استفاده میشود. مقایسۀ میزان شکارگری و ترجیح سنN. tenuis روی تخمهای بیدآرد و بیدگوجهفرنگی Tuta absoluta با آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایۀ طرح کاملاً تصادفی در شرایط آزمایشگاهی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که جنسیت شکارگر و نوع طعمه بهصورت معنیداری در میزان شکارگری مؤثر هستند. میزان تغذیه سن ماده طی 24 ساعت از تخمهای بیدآرد و بیدگوجهفرنگی به‌ترتیب 83/4±58 و 83/4±50/77 عدد و بیان‌گر اختلاف معنیدار بین آنها بود. میزان تغذیۀ سن نر از تخمهای بیدآرد و بیدگوجهفرنگی نیز به‌ترتیب 83/4±5/27 و 09/5±44/61 عدد بود که تفاوت معنیداری مشاهده شد. در آزمون ترجیح طعمه نیز سن ماده به ترتیب از 63/3±3/41 و 20/3±8/29 عدد تخم بیدآرد و بیدگوجهفرنگی تغذیه کرد که تفاوت معنیداری مشاهده نشد. مقادیر متناظر برای جنس نر به‌ترتیب 53/1±33/14 و 39/2±33/20 عدد بود که بیان‌گر اختلاف معنیدار در سطح احتمال 5 درصد بود. در حشرات ماده، شاخص بتای منلی (Manly) بید آرد (طعمۀ I) و بید گوجهفرنگی (طعمۀ II) به‌ترتیب معادل 07/0±64/0 و 08/0± 36/0 به‌دست آمد که بیان‌گر ترجیح تغذیۀ سن ماده نسبت به بیدآرد بود. در حالی‌که در حشرات نر به ترتیب برابر با 02/0± 38/0 و 04/0±62/0 برای بید آرد و بید گوجه فرنگی به‌دست آمد که نشان دهندۀ ترجیح تغذیه سن نر به بید گوجهفرنگی بود. بنابراین بر اساس شاخص بتای منلی، سن ماده ترجیح بیشتری به تغذیه از تخم بیدآرد دارد تا نیازهای غذایی خود را تأمین کند. لذا میتوان در رهاسازی سن شکارگر N. tenuis در گلخانههای گوجهفرنگی در کمبود یا غیاب طعمۀ اصلی از تخمهای بیدآرد بهعنوان مادۀ غذایی جایگزین استفاده کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ترجیح طعمه؛ سن شکارگر؛ Nesidiocoris tenuis؛ غذای جایگزین؛ کنترل بیولوژیک؛ گوجهفرنگی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Predation rate and prey preference of Nesidiocoris tenuis on Ephestia kuehniella and Tuta absoluta eggs in laboratory | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Hasan Malkeshi1؛ Reza Talaei-Hassanloui2؛ Jafar Mohaghegh3؛ Hosin Allahyari4 | ||
| 3Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Ephestia kuehniella eggs are among protein rich sources for mass production of the predator Nesidiocoris tenuis. It has been used as an alternative prey for the predator establishment in the tomato greenhouses. Comparing the predation rate of N. tenuis on E. kuehniella and Tuta absoluta eggs, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design (CRD) was conducted and performed under laboratory conditions. Results indicated that predator sex and prey species significantly affected the rate of predation. The predation values of the female predatory on E. kuehniella and T. absolutaeggs were 58±4.83 and 77.50±4.83, respectively, showing a significant difference (P < 0.0001). The predation rates of the male predatory on the E. kuehniella and T. absolutaeggs were 27.50±4.83 and 61.44±5.09 respectively, showing a significant difference (P < 0.0001). In the prey preference test, predation of the female on the E. kuehniella and T. absolutaeggs were 41.3±3.63 and 29.8±3.20 respectively. Mean consumption of the male individuals from E. kuehniella eggs was 14.33±1.53 and from T. absolutaeggs was 20.33±2.39. The Manley’s preference indices (𝛽) female were 0.64±0.07 and 0.36±0.08 for the E. kuehniella (prey I) and T. absolutaeggs (prey II), respectively. While Manley’s indices (𝛽) for male were 0.38±0.02 and 0.62±0.04 for the E. kuehniella and T. absolutaeggs, respectively. According to our data, the male predatory showed preference towards the T. absolutaeggs than the E. kuehniella eggs. Therefore, based on the Manley’s preference indices (𝛽), females of N. tenuis need more E. kuehniella eggs to provide their dietary requirements for fecundity. In conclusion, E. kuehniella eggs can be used as an alternative food source in tomato greenhouses, especially when the main prey is insufficient or absent. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| alternative food, biological control, Nesidiocoris tenuis, Prey preference, tomato | ||
| مراجع | ||
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