| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,020 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,742 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,988,685 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 47,421,536 |
اثر ورمیکمپوست، بیوچار و همزیستی میکوریزی بر برخی ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی کدوی تخم‌کاغذی (Cucurbita pepo L.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 87، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1397، صفحه 87-100 اصل مقاله (962.54 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2018.114886.2095 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مجتبی خواجه حق وردی* 1؛ محمدرضا اردکانی2؛ بهلول عباس‌زاده3؛ پریسا نجات خواه معنوی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه بیولوژی دریا، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثر ورمیکمپوست، بیوچار و همزیستی میکوریزی بر برخی ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی گیاه دارویی کدوی تخم‌کاغذی، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه آموزشی- پژوهشی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج در ماهدشت در سال 1395 اجرا شد. در این پژوهش ورمیکمپوست در سه سطح (صفر، 6 و 12 تن در هکتار) به‌عنوان عامل اصلی، بیوچار در سه سطح (صفر، 6 و 12 تن در هکتار) و میکوریزا در دو سطح (عدم مصرف و مصرف) به‌عنوان عامل‌های فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان دادند که اثر اصلی عامل‌ها بر درصد همزیستی میکوریزی و میزان فسفر دانه در سطح 1% معنی‌دار بود. تجزیه واریانس اثر متقابل ورمیکمپوست در بیوچار بر شاخص سطح برگ، عملکرد میوه خشک، عملکرد دانه و نسبت وزن خشک دانه به میوه در سطح 1% معنی‌دار و بر تعداد ساقه فرعی در سطح 5% معنی‌دار بود. مقایسه میانگین اثر متقابل ورمیکمپوست در بیوچار نشان داد که کدوی تخم‌کاغذی با مصرف 12 تن در هکتار ورمیکمپوست به همراه 12 تن در هکتار بیوچار بیشترین میزان شاخص سطح برگ (12.28)، تعداد ساقه فرعی (13.33 عدد بر بوته)، عملکرد میوه خشک (619.51 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد دانه (410.02 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و نسبت وزن خشک دانه به میوه (66.1%) را داشت. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج بدست‌آمده، استفاده از ورمیکمپوست همراه با بیوچار در تولید کدوی تخم‌کاغذی قابل توصیه است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کدوی تخم‌کاغذی (Cucurbita pepo L.)؛ گیاهان دارویی؛ ورمیکمپوست؛ بیوچار؛ کشاورزی پایدار؛ میکوریزا | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of vermicompost, biochar and mycorrhizal symbiosis on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Khajeh Haghverdi1؛ M.R. Ardakani2؛ B. Abbaszadeh3؛ P. Nejatkhah Manavi4 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student, Agronomy Department, Faculty of Marine Science & Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Marine Biology Department, Faculty of Marine Science & Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the effect of vermicompost, biochar and mycorrhizal symbiosis on some qualitative and quantitative traits of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) as a medicinal plant, a split factorial experiment was implemented in the form of randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The study was conducted at the experimental field of Agriculture and Natural Resources Faculty of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Mahdasht, Iran, in 2016. The factors were characterized as vermicompost in three levels (0, 6 and 12 ton/ha) as the main factor, biochar in three levels (0, 6 and 12 ton/ha) and mycorrhiza in two levels (non inoculation and inoculation) as the sub factors. Results showed that the main effect of factors on the mycorrhizal symbiosis percentage and grain phosphorus content was significant (P˂0.01). Analysis of variance between the interaction effects of vermicompost × biochar were significant on the LAI, dry fruit yield, grain yield and dry weight ratio of grain to fruit (P˂0.01) as well as on the number of lateral stem (P˂0.05). Mean comparison of the interaction effect of vermicompost × biochar showed that the application of 12 (ton/ha) vermicompost along with 12 (ton/ha) biochar resulted in the highest amount of LAI (12.28), number of lateral stem (13.33 number/ plant), dry fruit yield (619.51 kg/ha), grain yield (410.02 kg/ha) and dry weight ratio of grain to fruit (66.17%). Therefore, the use of vermicompost along with biochar is recommended in production of pumpkin. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.), Medicinal plants, Vermicompost, biochar, Sustainable agriculture, mycorrhiza | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abak, K., Dasgan, H.Y., Rehber, Y. and Ortash, I., 2010. Effect of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas on plant growth of soilless grown muskmelon. Proceedings of the 4th ISHS International Symposium on Cucurbits. Changsha Hunan China, 21 September: 301-306. - Arancon, N.Q., Edwards, C.A., Bierman, P., Welch, C. and Metzger, J.D., 2004. Influences of vermicomposts on field strawberries: 1. Effects on growth and yields. Bioresource Technology, 93(2): 145-153. - Ardakani, M.R. and Sharifi, M., 2017. Worm castings-based growing media with biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for producing organic tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in greenhouse. Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology, 7(3): 2083-2093. - Dalpe, Y., 1993. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza: 287-301. In: Carter, M.R., (Ed.). Soil Sampling and Methods of Analysis. Lewis Publishers CRC Press, USA, 823p. - Darzi, M.T., Shirkhodaei, M. and Haj Seyed Hadi, M.R., 2015. Effect of vermicompost and nitrogen fixing bacteria on seed yield, yield components of seed and essential oil content of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-products, 1: 103-109. - Fathi Gerdelidani, A. and Mirseyed, H., 2015. Different aspects of biocurrent effects in improving soil quality. International Conference on Applied Research in Agriculture, Tehran, 22 May: 1-12. - Fruhwirth, G.O. and Hermetter, A., 2008. Production technology and characteristics of styrian pumpkin seed oil. European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 110(7): 637-644. - Ghaderi-Far, F., Soltani, A. and Sadeghipour, H.R., 2011. Changes in seed quality during seed development and maturation in medicinal pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo Convar, Pepo var. styriaca Greb). Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants, 17(3): 249-257. - Gholipouri, A.A.Gh., Javanshir, A., Rahimzadeh Khouei, F., Mohammadi, S.A.A.Gh. and Bayat, H., 2006. The effect of pruning of head and different levels of nitrogen on seed oil and fatty acids content of pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita pepo L.). Journal of Agricultural Science, 16(2): 149-157. - Glew, R.H., Glew, R.S., Chuang, L.T., Huang, Y.S., Millson, M., Constans, D. and Vanderjaqt, D.J, 2006. Amino acid, mineral and fatty acid content of pumpkin seeds (Cucurbita spp) and Cyperus esculentus nuts in the republic of Niger. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 61(2): 51-56. - ISIRI 7593., 2003. Oilseeds- determination of oil content (Reference method). Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran, 19p. - Kameyama, K., Shinogi, Y., Miyamoto, T. and Agarie, K., 2010. Estimation of net carbon sequestration potential with farmland application of bagasse charcoal: life cycle inventory analysis through a pilot sugarcane bagasse carbonisation plant. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 48(7): 586-592. - Krinsky, N.I., 1998. The antioxidant and biological properties of the carotenoids. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 854: 443-447. - Li, H.Y., Zhu, Y.G., Marschner, P., Smith, F.A. and Smith, S.E., 2005. Wheat responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a highly calcareous soil differ from those of clover, and change with plant development and P supply. Plant and Soil, 277(1-2): 221-232. - Lionello, B. and Francesco, D., 1992. Soil fertility improvement and pollution risks from the use of composts referred to N, P, K and C balance. ISHS International Symposium on Compost Recycling of Wastes, Athens, Greece, 4 October: 51-62. - Marschner, H. and Dell, B., 1994. Nutrient uptake in mycorrhizal symbiosis. Plant and Soil, 159(1): 89-102. - Matsubara, Y., Hasegawa, N. and Fukui, H., 2002. Incidence of Fusarium root rot in Asparagus seedlings infected with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus as affected by several soil amendments. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 71(3): 370-374. - McCree, K.J. and Troughton, J.H., 1966. Non-existence of an optimum leaf area index for the production rate of white clover grown under constant conditions. Plant Physiology, 41: 1615-1622. - McGonigle, T.P., Miller, M.H., Evans, D.G., Fairchild, G.L. and Swan, J.A., 1990. A new method which gives an objective measure of colonization of roots by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. New Phytologist, 115: 495-501. - Mishra, P.C. and Patel, R.K., 2009. Use of agricultural waste for the removal of nitrate-nitrogen from aqueous medium. Journal of Environmental Management, 90(1): 519-522. - Mitra, J., 2001. Genetics and genetic improvement of drought resistance in crop plant. Current Science, 80(6): 758-763. - Murty, M.G. and Ladha, J.K., 1988. Influence of Azospirillum inoculation on the mineral uptake and growth of rice under hydroponic conditions. Plant and Soil, 108(2): 281-285. - Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, L.E., 1982. Phosphorus: 403-430. In: Page, A.L., Miller, R.H. and Keeney, D.R., (Eds.). Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties. American Society of Agronomy and Soil Science Society of America, Madison Wisconsin USA, 1167p. - Paksoy, M. and Aydin, C., 2004. Some physical properties of edible squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds. Journal of Food Engineering, 65: 225-231. - Pandey, R., 2005. Management of Meloidogyne incognita in Artemisia pallens with bio-organics. Phytoparasitica, 33(3): 304-308. - Prabha, M.L., Jayraaj, I.A., Jayraaj, R. and Rao, D.S., 2007. Effect of vermicompost and compost on growth parameters of selected vegetable and medicinal plants. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences, 9(2): 321-326. - Russell, R.M., 1998. Physiological and clinical significance of carotenoids. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 68(6): 349-353. - Sajadi Nik, R., Yadavi, A., Balouchi, H.R. and Farajee, H., 2011. Effect of chemical (urea), organic (vermicompost) and biological (nitroxin) fertilizers on quantity and quality yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 21(2): 87-101. - Sharma, A.K., 2002. Biofertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture. Agro-Bios, Jodhpur India, 300p. - Toussaint, J.P., Smith, F.A. and Smith, S.E., 2007. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi can induce the production of phytochemicals in sweet basil irrespective of phosphorus nutrition. Mycorrhiza, 17(4): 291-297. - Wagner, F.S., 2000. The health value of styrian pumpkin-seed oil-science and fiction. Proceedings of the 1st International Oil Pumpkin Conference. Styria and Lower Austria, 9-13 August: 122-123. - Wu, S.C., Cao, Z.H., Li, Z.G., Cheung, K.C. and Wong, M. H., 2005. Effects of biofertilizers containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: a greenhouse trial. Geoderma, 125: 155-166. - Yang, L., Zhao, F., Chang, Q., Li, T. and Li, F., 2015. Effects of vermicomposts on tomato yield and quality and soil fertility in greenhouse under different soil water regimes. Agricultural Water Management, 160: 98-105. - Zaefarian, F., Rezvani, M., Ardakani, M.R., Rejali, F. and Miransari, M., 2013. Impact of mycorrhizae formation on the phosphorus and heavy-metal uptake of Alfalfa. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 44(8): 1340-1352. - Zhang, A., Cui, L., Pan, G., Li, L., Hussain, Q., Zhang, X., Zheng, J. and Crowley, D., 2010. Effect of biochar amendment on yield and methane and nitrous oxide emissions from a rice paddy from Tai Lake plain, China. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 139(4): 469-475. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 768 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 745 |
||