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اثر محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی بر عملکرد ماده خشک و اسانس گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) تحت تنش خشکی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 35، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 94، خرداد و تیر 1398، صفحه 309-322 اصل مقاله (340.8 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.122718.2362 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| مهدی پناهیان گیوی* | ||
| استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.309.94.2.1575.1610 به‌دلیل بحران آب آبیاری و لزوم مدیریت منابع آب و نیز نقش مثبت عناصری مانند روی در کاهش اثرهای منفی تنش خشکی، آزمایشی مزرعه‌ای به‌صورت کرت‌های خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1395 در مزرعه تحقیقاتی تعاونی یاشیل باخار اردبیل اجرا شد. در این پژوهش، عملکرد و اجزای آن و تولید اسانس گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.) در واکنش به محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی در شرایط تنش خشکی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل چهار سطح آبیاری (آبیاری بعد از 70، 100، 130 و 160 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس A) و سه سطح محلول‌پاشی سولفات روی (شاهد (محلول‌پاشی با آب) و محلول‌پاشی با غلظت‌های سه (1Zn) و شش (2Zn) در هزار) بودند. تیمارهای آبیاری و محلول‌پاشی به‌ترتیب در کرت‌های اصلی و فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی موجب اُفت تعداد چتر در بوته، تعداد دانه در چتر، تعداد دانه در بوته، عملکرد بیولوژیکی و دانه گردید. محلول‌پاشی با سولفات روی در سطح Zn2 موجب افزایش معنی‌دار تعداد چتر در بوته (10.7)، عملکرد بیولوژیکی (21.1%) و محصول دانه (21.2%) شد. درصد اسانس دانه گشنیز تحت تنش خشکی 2/49% افزایش یافت، ولی عملکرد اسانس (1.02 کیلوگرم در هکتار) در نتیجه تنش خشکی کاهش پیدا کرد. عملکرد اسانس با کاربرد روی با غلظت شش در هزار 27.4% افزایش معنی‌داری یافت. تفاوت معنی‌داری از لحاظ آماری بین سطوح محلول‌پاشی سه و شش در هزار روی وجود نداشت. بنابراین، محلول‌پاشی روی با غلظت سه در هزار در مناطق با شرایط آب و هوایی و خاک مشابه محل اجرای طرح برای بهبود تولید محصول و اسانس گشنیز توصیه می‌گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اسانس؛ تعداد چتر در بوته؛ گشنیز (Coriandrum sativum L.)؛ محدودیت آب؛ محلول‌پاشی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of zinc sulfate foliar spray on yield, yield components and essential oil of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) under drought stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Panahyan Kivi | ||
| Department of Agronomy, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Due to the irrigation water crisis and the necessity of water resources management as well as the positive role of elements such as zinc in reducing the negative effects of drought stress, a field experiment was carried out as split plot based on randomized complete block design with three replications in Cooperative research field of Yashil Bakhar, Ardebil in 2017. In this research, yield and its components and essential oil of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were investigated in reaction to zinc sulfate foliar spray under drought stress conditions. The experimental factors consisted of four levels of irrigation: irrigation after 70, 100, 130 and 160 millimeter evaporation from class A pan, and three levels of zinc sulfate foliar spray: control (water foliar spray) and foliar spray with three (Zn1:3 g ZnSO4/L) and six (Zn2: 6 g ZnSO4/L) per thousand concentrations. Irrigation and zinc sulfate foliar spray treatments were allocated to the main and sub plots, respectively. The results showed that drought stress reduced the number of umbels per plant, seeds per umbel, seeds per plant, and biological and seed yield. Zinc sulfate foliar spray at Zn2 level resulted in a significant increase in the number of umbels per plant (10.7), biological (21.1%) and grain (21.2%) yield. Under drought stress conditions, the percentage of coriander seeds essential oil increased by 49.2%, but the essential oil yield (1.02 kg ha-1) decreased. The essential oil yield was significantly increased by 27.4% with zinc sulfate foliar spray at Zn2 level. There was no statistically significant difference between Zn1 and Zn2 levels of zinc sulfate foliar spray. Therefore, 3 g ZnSo4/L foliar spray in areas with climatic conditions and soil similar to the research site is recommended to improve the yield and essential oil of coriander. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| essential oil, number of umbels per plant, coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.), water deficiency, foliar spray | ||
| مراجع | ||
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