| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,944 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,229 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,865,289 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,371,147 |
بررسی اثر دگرآسیبی گردوی ایرانی (Juglans regia) بر مولفه‌های جوانهزنی بذور زراعی جو (Hordeum vuIgare)، ذرت (Zea mays) و منداب (Eruca sativa) | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 15، تیر 1398، صفحه 31-42 اصل مقاله (774.3 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ijsst.2018.110368.1085 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید رضا جوانمرد* 1؛ حسین مختاری کرچگانی2 | ||
| 1عضو هیت علمی دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد شناسایی و مبارزه با علف های هرز، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور مطالعه دگرآسیبی عصاره آبی برگ گردوی ایرانی بر مولفه‌های جوانهزنی گیاهان جو، منداب و ذرت آزمایشی در سال 1393 در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اصفهان انجام شد. تاثیر غلظت‌های مختلف عصاره آبی برگ گردو شامل غلظت‌های صفر (آب مقطر)، 25، 50، 75 و 100 بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی سه گونه گیاهی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار مطالعه گردید. در بررسی کارماتوگرافی بیشترین میزان ژوگلون موجود در برگ گردو در مرداد ماه بود. نتایج زیست سنجی بذرها نیز نشان داد با افزایش غلظت عصاره، درصد و سرعت جوانهزنی، طول ریشهچه و ساقهچه و وزن خشک گیاهچه در هر سه نوع بذر روند نسبتاً کاهشی داشت. درصد جوانهزنی بذور ذرت و منداب تا اندازه زیادی به دگرآسیبی گردو متحمل بود. کمترین درصد جوانهزنی در جو و در تیمار 100% غلظت عصاره با 08/54% کاهش نسبت به شاهد مشاهده شد. مؤلفه‌های رشدی گیاهچه در ذرت و منداب نسبت به جو حساس‌تر بود، اگرچه وزن خشک ریشهچه و ساقهچه جو بین تیمارها تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. عصاره آبی گردو تاثیر بسزایی بر مولفه‌های جوانهزنی بذور جو، ذرت و منداب نداشت، به طوری که ذرت و منداب در مراحل اولیه جوانهزنی و جو در مولفه‌های رشد گیاهچه مقاومت بالایی از خود نشان دادند. عدم حساسیت گونه‌های مورد بررسی نشان داد که عصاره آبی برگ گردو ایرانی به عنوان ترکیبی قوی در کنترل علف‌های هرز این گونه‌ها در راستای کشاورزی پایدار حائز اهمیت است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| دگرآسیبی؛ زیست سنجی؛ ژوگلون؛ کارماتوگرافی؛ گردو | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Allelopathic Effects of Iranian Walnut (Juglans regia) On Barley (Hordeum vuIgare), Corn (Zea mays) and Arugula (Eruca sativa) Germination and Growth | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| hamid reza javanmard1؛ hossein mokhtari karchegani2 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Esfahan, Iran | ||
| 2Master of weed Science, Crop Production and plant Breeding Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigation the effects of different concentrations of leaf aqueous extracts of walnut on seed germination and seedling growth of barley, arugula and corn, a laboratory experiment were conducted in the Faculty of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan, in 2013. In this experiment, walnut leaf extract including control (distilled water), 25, 50, 75 and 100% were studied to determine juglone sensitivity in three species based on completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Chromatography analysis showed that a highest rate of juglone was observed on walnut leaves in August. Increasing concentration of leaf extract lead to continuously decrease in germination percentage and germination rate, root and shoot length and seedling dry weight. Germination percentage of corn and arugula seeds on primary growth stage showed resistant to walnut allelopathy. The lowest germination percentage was observed on barley in %100 leaf aqueous extracts of walnut. Corn and arugula were more sensitive to walnut extracts than barley seeds, however, root and shoot dry weight in barley had no significantly different between treatments. The aqueous extract of walnut did not have a significant effect on germination components of barley, corn and arugula, so that corn and arugula in the early stages of germination and barley in seedling growth showed strong resistance. The insensitivity of the studied species showed that the aqueous extract of Iranian walnut leaves is a strong substance in controlling weeds of these species towards sustainable agriculture. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Allelopathy, Bioassays, Chromatography, Juglans, Walnut | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahmed, R., M.B Uddin., M.A.S.A Khan., S.A Mukul, and M.K. Hossain. 2007. Allelopathic effects of Lantana camara on germination and growth behavior of some agricultural crops in Bangladesh. J. Forestry Res. 18(4): 301-304. Batish, D. R., K. Lavanya., H.P. Singh., and R.K. Kohli. 2007. Root-mediated allelopathic interference of nettle-leaved Goosefoot (Chenopodium murale) on wheat (Triticum aestivum). J. Agron. Crop Sci. 193: 37-44. Cai, X., and M. Gu. 2016. Bioherbicides in organic horticulture. Hortic. 2(2): 2-10. Cosmulescu, S. N., I. Trandafir., G. Achim., and A. Baciu. 2011. Juglone content in- leaf and green husk of five walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca. 39(1): 237-240. Culter, H. G. (ed.) 1988. Proc. Int. Biologically Active Natural Products Conf., Seattle. 28 Nov. 1988. Potential Use in Agric., Ltd., Washington, DC. USA. Dastress, E., M.B. Safari., and A. Maghsodi. 2004. Allelopathic effect of crap expression (Sophora alopecuroides. L) and field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.) on the growth of different crops. J. Process and plant operation. 4: 45-56. Duke, S. 1987. Weed Physiology. 1nd ed. CRC Press, London. Ebrahimi, A., M.R. Fatahi., Z.A. Zamani., and K. Vahdati. 2009. An investigation on genetic diversity 608 Persian walnut accessions for screening of some genotypes of superior traits. Iranian J. Hortic. Sci. 40: 83-94. (In Persian). Ebrahimi kia, F. 1999. Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts and essential oils of eucalyptus leaves on some species of weeds and crops. MS.c. Thesis. Univ. of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran. (In Persian, with English Abstract). Girzu, M., A. Carnat, A.M. Privat, J. Fialip, A.P. Carnat, and J.L. Lamaison. 1998. Sedative effect of walnut leaf extract and juglone, an isolated constituent. Pharm. Biol. 36: 280-286. Hegde, R.S., and D.A. Miller. 1990. Allelopathy and autotoxicity in alfalfa: characterization and effects of preceding crops and residue incorporation. Crop Sci. 30:1255-1259. Herranz, J.M., P. Ferrandis, M.A. Copete, E.M. Duro, and A. Zalacaín. 2006. Effect of allelopathic compounds produced by Cistus ladanifer on germination of 20 Mediterranean taxa. Plant Ecology. 184: 259-272. Iftikhar Hussain, M., L. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, and M.J. Reigosa. 2008. Germination and growth response of four plant species to different allelochemicals and herbicides. Allelopathy J. 22:101-110. Jaymand, K., M.B. Rezaie, P. Baghaie, S.A. Sajadipor, and M.K. Nasrabadi. 2004. Juglone determine the amount of green in the leaves and fruit orchids (juglans regia L.) performance liquid (HPLC). J. Res. Med. Aromat. Plants. 20(3): 223-231. Jose, S., and A.R. Gillespie. 1998. Allelopathy in black walnut (juglans nigra L.) alley cropping. II. Effects of juglan on hydroponically grown corn and soybean growth and physiology. Plant and Soil. 203: 199- 206. Kadioglu, I., Y. Yanar, and U. Asav. 2005. Allelopathic effects of weeds extracts against seed germination of some plants. J. Environ. Biol. 26: 169-173. Kocacalishkan, I, and I. Terzi. 2001. Allelopathic effects of walnut leaf extracts and juglone on seed germination and seedling growth. J. Hortic. Sci. Biothechnol. 76: 436- 440. Labbafy M.R., F. Maighany, A. Hejazy, H. Khalaj, A.M. Baghestani, I. Allahdady, and A. Mehrafarin. 2009. Study of allelopathic interaction of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and rye (Secale cereal L.) using Equal-Compartment- Agar method. As. J. Agric. Sci. 1: 25-28. Lobon N.C., J.C.A. Gallego, T.S. Diaz, and J.C.E. García. 2002. Allelopathic potential of Cistus ladand'er chemicals in response to variations of light and temperature. Chemoecology. 12: 139-145. Mahmoodi, S.H., and R. Hamidi. 2012. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) allelopathy responses to soil moisture and phosphorus stress. Int. J. Agric. Res. 2(6): 1-9. Malik, A. (ed.) 2005. Proc. Int. Allelopathy, challenges and opportunities Conf., Wagga Wagga. 21-26 Aug. 2005. Agric., Charles Sturt Univ., Ltd., North Wagga Wagga, Australia. Mokhtari Karchegani, H., S.Z. Hosseini Cici, and S.A. Kazemeini. 2014. The effects of nitrogen and water stress on allelopathic potential of sorghum forage on seed germination characteristics and primary growth safflower. J. Oil Plants Prod. 1(2): 79-94. Mokhtari Karchegani, H., S.Z. Hosseini Cici, and S.A. Kazemeini. 2015. The effects of nitrogen and water stress on allelopathic potential of sorghum forage on seed germination characteristics and primary growth Crops. MS.c. Thesis. Univ. of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran. (In Persian, with English Abstract) Narwal, S.S., and P. Tauro. 1996. Allelopathy in pests management for sustainable agriculture. Proc. Int. Conf. on Allelopathy. Sci. Publishers. Pramanik, M.H.R., M. Nagai, T. Asao, and Y. Matsui. 2000. Effect of temperature and photoperiod on phytotoxic root exudates of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) in hydroponic culture. J. Chem. Ecol. 26: 1953-1967. Prataviera, A.G., A.H. Kuniyuki, and K. Ryugo. 1983. Growth inhibitors in xylem exudates of Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) and their possible role in graft failure. J. AS. Hortic Sci. 108: 1043-1045. Putnam, A.R, and W.B. Duke. 1974. Biological suppression of weeds: Evidence for Allelopathy in Accessions of Cucumber. Sci. 185(4148): 185- 200. Rezaeinodehi, A., S. Khangholi, M. Aminidehaghi, and H. Kazemi. 2006. Allelopathic potential of tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) on germination and growth of Amaranthus retroflexus L. and Setaria glauca (L.) P. Beauv. Zeitschrift fur pflanzenkrankheiten und pflanzenschutz-sonderheft. 20 (10): 447- 459. Rice, E.L.1984. Allelopathy. Academic Press. Inc. Orlando, FL. Rohi, R., R.E. Tajbakhsh, and P. Nikzad. 2009. Allelopathic effect of aqueous leaf extract of walnut (Juglans regia) on germination and seedling growth characteristics of wheat, onions and lettuce. J. Agric. Res. 7 (2): 457-464. Sezai, E., and T. Cidem. 2005. Allelopathic effects of juglone and walnut leaf extracts on growth, fruit yield and plant tissue composition in strawberry cvs (camarosa and sweetcharlie). J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol. 80: 39- 42. Shrestha, A. 2009. Potential of a black walnut (Juglans nigra) extract product (NatureCur®) as a pre-and post-emergence bioherbicide. J. Sustainable Agric. 33(8): 810-822. Soltanipor, M., E. Hajbi, E. HassanNezhad, E. Dastjerdi, and H. Ebrahimi. 2006. Allelopathic effects of aqueous extract of (Zhumeria majdae Rech. F. and Wendelbo) the percentage and rate of germination of seeds of seven species of vegetables. J. Med. Aromat. Plants Res. 23(1): 51-58. Ture, M.A., and A.M. Tawaha. 2002b. Inhihitory effects of aqueous extracts of black mustard on germination and growth of lentil. Pakistan J. Agron.1: 28-30. Weston, L.A., and S.O. Duke. 2003. Weed and crop allelopathy. Critical Rev. in Plant Sci. 22:367-389. Makkizadeh, T.M., R. Farhoudi, M. Rabiee, and M. Rasifar. 2011. Allelopathic Effect of Harmel (Peganum Harmala L.) On Germination and Growth of Three Weeds. Iranian J. Med. Aromat. Plants. 27(1): 135-145. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 555 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 489 |
||