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بررسی اثر دگرآسیبی گردوی ایرانی (Juglans regia) بر مولفه‌های جوانهزنی بذور زراعی جو (Hordeum vuIgare)، ذرت (Zea mays) و منداب (Eruca sativa) | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 15، تیر 1398، صفحه 31-42 اصل مقاله (774.3 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ijsst.2018.110368.1085 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید رضا جوانمرد* 1؛ حسین مختاری کرچگانی2 | ||
| 1عضو هیت علمی دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد شناسایی و مبارزه با علف های هرز، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور مطالعه دگرآسیبی عصاره آبی برگ گردوی ایرانی بر مولفه‌های جوانهزنی گیاهان جو، منداب و ذرت آزمایشی در سال 1393 در دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اصفهان انجام شد. تاثیر غلظت‌های مختلف عصاره آبی برگ گردو شامل غلظت‌های صفر (آب مقطر)، 25، 50، 75 و 100 بر خصوصیات جوانه زنی سه گونه گیاهی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار مطالعه گردید. در بررسی کارماتوگرافی بیشترین میزان ژوگلون موجود در برگ گردو در مرداد ماه بود. نتایج زیست سنجی بذرها نیز نشان داد با افزایش غلظت عصاره، درصد و سرعت جوانهزنی، طول ریشهچه و ساقهچه و وزن خشک گیاهچه در هر سه نوع بذر روند نسبتاً کاهشی داشت. درصد جوانهزنی بذور ذرت و منداب تا اندازه زیادی به دگرآسیبی گردو متحمل بود. کمترین درصد جوانهزنی در جو و در تیمار 100% غلظت عصاره با 08/54% کاهش نسبت به شاهد مشاهده شد. مؤلفه‌های رشدی گیاهچه در ذرت و منداب نسبت به جو حساس‌تر بود، اگرچه وزن خشک ریشهچه و ساقهچه جو بین تیمارها تفاوت معنی‌داری نداشت. عصاره آبی گردو تاثیر بسزایی بر مولفه‌های جوانهزنی بذور جو، ذرت و منداب نداشت، به طوری که ذرت و منداب در مراحل اولیه جوانهزنی و جو در مولفه‌های رشد گیاهچه مقاومت بالایی از خود نشان دادند. عدم حساسیت گونه‌های مورد بررسی نشان داد که عصاره آبی برگ گردو ایرانی به عنوان ترکیبی قوی در کنترل علف‌های هرز این گونه‌ها در راستای کشاورزی پایدار حائز اهمیت است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| دگرآسیبی؛ زیست سنجی؛ ژوگلون؛ کارماتوگرافی؛ گردو | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Allelopathic Effects of Iranian Walnut (Juglans regia) On Barley (Hordeum vuIgare), Corn (Zea mays) and Arugula (Eruca sativa) Germination and Growth | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| hamid reza javanmard1؛ hossein mokhtari karchegani2 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Khorasgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Esfahan, Iran | ||
| 2Master of weed Science, Crop Production and plant Breeding Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigation the effects of different concentrations of leaf aqueous extracts of walnut on seed germination and seedling growth of barley, arugula and corn, a laboratory experiment were conducted in the Faculty of Agronomy, Islamic Azad University of Isfahan, in 2013. In this experiment, walnut leaf extract including control (distilled water), 25, 50, 75 and 100% were studied to determine juglone sensitivity in three species based on completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Chromatography analysis showed that a highest rate of juglone was observed on walnut leaves in August. Increasing concentration of leaf extract lead to continuously decrease in germination percentage and germination rate, root and shoot length and seedling dry weight. Germination percentage of corn and arugula seeds on primary growth stage showed resistant to walnut allelopathy. The lowest germination percentage was observed on barley in %100 leaf aqueous extracts of walnut. Corn and arugula were more sensitive to walnut extracts than barley seeds, however, root and shoot dry weight in barley had no significantly different between treatments. The aqueous extract of walnut did not have a significant effect on germination components of barley, corn and arugula, so that corn and arugula in the early stages of germination and barley in seedling growth showed strong resistance. The insensitivity of the studied species showed that the aqueous extract of Iranian walnut leaves is a strong substance in controlling weeds of these species towards sustainable agriculture. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Allelopathy, Bioassays, Chromatography, Juglans, Walnut | ||
| مراجع | ||
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