| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,094 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,531 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 49,366,860 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 79,811,377 |
تغییرات پوشش گیاهی مراتع کوهستانی سیراچال در اثر آتشسوزی | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 26، شماره 2، تیر 1398، صفحه 352-366 اصل مقاله (985.37 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.119357 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علیرضا افتخاری* 1؛ محمود گودرزی2؛ پروانه عشوری1؛ رستم خلیفه زاده2 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2محقق، بخش تحقیقات مرتع، موسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آتشسوزی در مراتع تاثیرات قابل توجهی بر فاکتورهای گیاهی و خاک دارد. در این تحقیق اثرات آتشسوزی بر فاکتورهای گیاهی مراتع نیمه استپی سیراچال به مدت سه سال (94-1396) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. دو مرتع انتخابی از لحاظ تیپ گیاهی مشابه بوده (قبل از آتشسوزی) و در کنار یکدیگر قرار دارند. دو تیمار مراتع شاهد و مراتع آتشگرفته با استفاده از ترانسکت و کوادرات(30 پلات) به مدت سه سال متوالی آماربرداری شدند. فاکتورهای گیاهی شامل درصد تاج پوشش، تولید، تراکم، غنای گونه ای و فرم رویشی بود. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری تیمارها با آزمون t مستقل و مقایسه سالهای مختلف در هر یک از مراتع آتشسوزی شده یا شاهد با استفاده از آزمون تجزیه واریانس و مقایسه میانگینها با آزمون دانکن بین تکرارها انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد آتشسوزی در طی سالهای اجرای طرح اثر معنیداری بر روی درصد تاج پوشش و تولید کل گونههای مرتعی نداشته است، ولی بر روی تراکم کل گونههای مرتعی اثر مثبت و معنیدار داشته است. اختلاف بالای تراکم در مقایسه با پوشش و تولید، به دلیل کم بودن پوشش و تولید نهالهای تازه روئیده است. به عبارت دیگر نهالهای تازه روئیده گیاهان دارای سطح تاج پوشش اندک و تولید کم، اما دارای تراکم بالایی هستند. از لحاظ غنای گونهای بیشترین اختلاف مربوط به عدم حضور گونههای بوتهای در مرتع آتشگرفته میباشد اما با اینحال بر اساس شاخص سورنسون دو تیمار از لحاظ گونههای گیاهی مشابه میباشند. همچنین از لحاظ فرم رویشی، آتشسوزی بر روی درصد تاج پوشش، تراکم و تولید فرم رویشی علفی اثر مثبت و معنیدار، بر روی درصد تاج پوشش و تراکم فرم رویشی گندمی نیز اثر مثبت و معنیدار داشته است اما اثر قابل ملاحظه منفی و معنیداری بر روی فرم رویشی بوتهاییها داشته است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| آتشسوزی؛ فرم رویشی؛ شاخص سورنسون؛ گونههای بوتهای؛ سیراچال | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Changes in vegetation cover of Sirachal mountain rangelands due to fire | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Alireza Eftekhari1؛ Mahmoud Goudarzi2؛ Parvaneh Ashouri1؛ Rostam Khalifehzadeh2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Senior Expert Research, Rangeland Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fire in rangelands has significant effects on plant and soil factors. In this research, the effects of fire on plant factors were investigated in semi-steppe rangelands of Sirachal for three years (2015-2017). The two selected rangelands were similar in terms of vegetation type (before the fire) were next to each other. The treatments included control rangelands and burned rangelands, and sampling was performed using transects and quadrates (30 plots) for three consecutive years. Vegetation factors included canopy cover, production, density, species richness, and life form. The statistical analysis of the treatments was carried out using the independent t-test. Comparison of different years, in each of the burned or control rangelands, was done using analysis of variance and the means were compared with Duncan's test. The results showed that fire during the years of the project did not have a significant effect on the canopy percentage and the production of all rangeland species, but it had a positive and significant effect on the density of all rangeland species. High difference in density compared to the cover and production could be due to the low canopy cover and production of new seedlings. In other words, new seedlings of plants had a low canopy cover, low production, and a high density. In terms of species richness, the highest difference is related to the absence of shrub species in the burned rangeland; however, according to the Sorenson index, the two treatments were similar in terms of plant species. Also, in terms of life form, fire had a positive and significant effect on the cover percentage, density and production of forbs, a positive and significant effect on the cover percentage and density of grasses, and a significant negative effect on the shrubs. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Fire, Vegetative form, Sorenson Index, Shrub species, Sirachal | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
-Abbasi, Moselow, H., Ghorbani, J., Safasian, N. and Tamartash. R., 2010. Effects of fire on vegetation upon the soil seed bank in Bamo National Prak of Shiraz. Iranian Journal of Rangland, 3(4): 623-640. -Adams, M. A., 1992. Phosphatase activity and phosphorus fractions in Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor F. Muell.) forst soils. Journal of Biology and Fertility of Soils, 14:200–204. -Akbarzadeh, M., 1994, Provide vegetation map in the Sirachal region, Florestic and physionomic method, RIFR press, 71p. -Arzani, H. and Abedi, M., 2015. Rangeland Assessment, Vegation Measurement, University of Tehran press, 322p. -Arzani, H. and King, G., 1994. A double sampling method for estimating forage production from cover measurement, in proceeding of 8th Biennial Australian Rangeland conference, pp.201-202. -Ajwa, H. A., Dell, C. J. and Rice, C. W., 1999. Changes in enzyme activities and microbial biomass of tallgrass prairie soil as related to burning and nitrogen fertilization. Journal of Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 31, 769–777. -Baghestani, N. and Zare, M. T., 2008. Fire behavior on range plants yield and its application for improvement of steppic rangelands of Yazd province. Iranian Journal of Rangland, 1(4): 327-341. -Brockway, D. G., Gatewood, R. G. and Paris, R. B., 2002. Restoring fire as an ecological process in short grass prairie ecosystems: initial effects of prescribed burning during the dormant and growing seasons. Journal of Environmental Management, 65:135-152. -Carleton, S.W. and Loftin, S.R., 2000. Response of 2 semiarid grasslands to cool-season prescribed fire. Journal of Range Management. 53:52-61. -Daniel V. P., Roberto, M. B., Mirta, D. M. and Omar, R. E., 2001. Effect of Fire on Perennial Grasses in Central Semiarid Argentina. Journal of Range Management, 54(5): 617-621. -Ejtehadi, H. Sepehri, A. and Akkafi, H. R., 2012, Methods of Measuring Biodiversity, Ferdowsi university press, 228p. -Fattahi, B. and Tahmasebi, A., 2010. Fire influence on vegetation changes of Zagros mountainous rangelands (Case study: Hamadan province). Iranian Journal of Rangland, 4(2): 228-239. -Goudarzi, M., Shamoradi, A. A., Karimi, G., Azimi, M., Khaksarian, F., Matinizadeh, M. and Zandi Esfahan, E., 2012. Fire Effects on Soil Physical, Chemical, Biological Properties and Vegetation Cover in Rangeland. Final report of research project Research Institute of forests and Rangelands, 47p. -Goudarzi, M., Azimi, M. and Ashouri, P., 2014. The effects of fire on the shrubs in a semiarid region of Iran. Journal of biodiversitiy and environomental sciences. 5(6):56-61. -Goudarzi, M., Azimi, M., Karimi, G., Zandi Esfahan, E. and Shamoradi, A., 2015. Study the effects of fire on canopy cover in grass species, Case study: Semi Steppe Rangelands of Kordan. Iranian Journal of Range and desert Research, 22(3): 537-545. -Guevara, J. C., Stasi, C. R., Wuilloud, C. F. and Estevez, O. R., 1999. Effects of fire on rangeland vegetation in south-western Mendoza plains (Argentina): composition, frequency, biomass, productivity and carrying capacity. Journal of Arid Environments. 41(1): 27–35. -Heisler, J. L., Briggs, J. M., Knapp, A. K., Blair, J. M. and Seery, A., 2004. Direct and indirect effects of fire on shrub density and aboveground productivity in a mesic grassland. Journal of Ecology, 85:2245–2257. -Holecheck, J.L., Pipper, R.D. and Herbel, C.H., 2004. Range Management (Principles and Practices), Fifth Edition -Javadi, S. A. and Mamoon, Z., 2011. Natural Burning Effects on Some Vegetation and Soil Characteristics of Rangeland (Case Study: Pir Gol Sorkh Behbahan Rangeland). Journal of renewable natural resources research, 2(1):45-54. -Khodagholi, M., Eftekhari, M., Bagherzadeh, K. and Saeidfar, M., 2001. Revival and improvement of range lands by way of shrubs control, final report of research project Research Institute of forests and Rangelands, 41p. -Mesdaghi, M., 2009. Range management (principles and practices). 736p. -Mirdavoudi, H. R., Yousefi, Y., Goudarzi, G., Famaheini, A. and Siahmansour, R., 2017. Investigation on the short term effect of fire on vegetation changes in rangelands of Markazi province (Case study: Khondab area) first phase. Final Report of Research Project¸ Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands. P 56. -Ortman, J. and Beran, D.D., 2008. Grassland management with prescribed Fire. Journal of Nebraska cooperative extension. 148: 122-132. -Pylypec, B. and Romo, J.T., 2003. Long-Term Effects of Burning Festuca and Stipa-Agropyron Grasslands. Journal of Range Management, 56(6): 640-645. -Sharifi, J. and Iemanie, A. A., 2006. An Evaluation of the Effect of Controlled Firing on Plant Cover change and Variety Composition in Semi-Steppe Rangelands of Ardebil Province (Case Study: Khalkhal Preserved Research Rangeland). Iranian Journal of Natural resources, 59(2): 517-526. -Siahmansour, R., Arzani, H., Jafari, M., Jvadi, S. A. and Tavili, A., 2015. Assessment the effect of fire on plant form and palatability in Zaghe rangeland. Journal of rangeland and watershed, 68(3):517-531. -Shokri, M., Safaian, N. and Atrakchali, A., 2002. Investigation of the effects of fire on vegetation variations in Takhti Yeylagh-Golestan National Prak. Iranian Journal of Natural resources, 55(2): 273-218. -Tahmasebi, P., 2013. Assessment the effects of fire degredation and potential the fire as a management tools for plant in semi stepe. Journal of rangeland and watershed, 2- summer, 287-298. -Talaitabar, S. M., Tatian, M. R. and Tamartash, R., 2016. The Short-Term Effect of Fire on Vegetation Structure and Soil Physico-chemical Properties in Non-wooded Rangelands of Dorood Faraman. Iranian Journal of Rangland, 3(1): 1-18. -Zare Mayon, H. and Memariani, F., 2002. Study process of natural reclamation of vegetation in damaged area in national park of Golestan after fire 1995. Journal of Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 15(54): 34-39. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 633 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 420 |
||