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شناسایی و تعیین شدت بیماریزایی قارچ های همراه با گونه گیاهی مهاجم سنبل آبی در اکوسیستم های تالابی گیلان | ||
| بوم شناسی منابع آبی | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 2، شماره 2، مرداد 1398، صفحه 34-49 اصل مقاله (702.47 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله ترویجی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمود هوشیار فرد* 1؛ علیرضا میرزاجانی2 | ||
| 1عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات و اموزش کشاورزی گیلان | ||
| 2پژوهشکده آبزی پروری آبهای داخلی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| طی سال 97-1396، به منظور شناسایی و مقایسه شدت بیماریزایی قارچهای همراه با گیاه آبزی مهاجم سنبل آبی (Eichhornia crassipes L.) در اکوسیستم های تالابی گیلان تعداد 58 نمونه از قسمت های برگ، ساقه و دمبرگ گیاه جمع آوری و در آزمایشگاه بررسی گردید.. تعداد 31 جدایه قارچی با فراوانی های نسبی متفاوت شامل Alternaria alternata (39/48%)، Curvularia lunata (13/16%)، Colletotrichum lindemutianum (45/6%)، Phoma sp. (45/6%)، Bipolaris victoriae (68/9%) و Fusarium semitectum (9/12%) جداسازی و شناسایی شدند. بیماریزایی و ویرولانس جدایه های قارچی به روش برگ جدا شده و بر اساس پهنا[(بسیار بیماریزا: 5میلی متر<، بیماریزا: 5-3میلی متر<، بیماریزایی کم: 3میلی متر>)] و طول زمان ظهور لکه های برگی [(ویرولانس بالا: 5 روز>، ویرولانس: 7-5 روز، ویرولانس متوسط: 10-7 روز، ویرولانس پایین: 10 روز<)] تعیین گردید. نتایج آزمایشگاهی و گلخانه ای نشان داد که، جدایه های A. alternate و C. lunata دارای بیشترین و شدت بیماری را روی سنبل آبی بودند. لیکن، استفاده از این قارچ ها بدلیل اختصاصی نبودن میزبان و خصوصاً بیماریزایی آنها روی محصولات مهم اقتصادی منطقه از جمله برنج، امکان پذیر نیست. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| سنبل آبی؛ قارچ های بیماریزا؛ کنترل بیولوژیک؛ گیلان | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Identification and virulence of fungi associated with invasive plant species of water hyacinth in Guilan wetland ecosystems | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mahmoud Houshyarfard1؛ ali reza mirzajani2 | ||
| 1Academic member of Guilan research and education center of Agriculture and natural resources-Rasht. | ||
| 2fishes | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| During 2017-18, in order to identifying and comparing of virulence of fungi associated with common water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes L.), an aquatic and invasive plant, 58 plant samples (leaf, petiole and stem) were collected from wetland ecosystems of Guilan province (northern Iran) and studied in laboratory. A total of 31 fungal isolates with different frequencies including Alternaria alternata (48.39%), Curvularia lunata (16.13%), Colletotrichum lindemutianum (6.45%), Phoma sp. (6.45%), Bipolaris victoriae (9.68%) and Fusarium semitectum (12.9%) were isolated and identified. Pathogenic responses and/or virulence of fungi were rated according to the width of the leaf lesion [(++ >5mm highly pathogenic, +3-5mm pathogenic, -10 d: low virulence]. The results showed that A. alternata and C. lunata were highly virulent to water hyacinth under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. However, the wide host range and non-specific phytopathogenic effects of A. alternata and C. lunata on the economically important plants such as rice (Oryza sativa L.) precluded their use. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Biological control, Guilan, Pathogenic fungi, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) | ||
| مراجع | ||
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