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تأثیر تیمارهای متفاوت کلسیم کلراید بر بیان ژن‌های فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز (PAL) و 4-کومارات کوآ لیگاز (4Cl) در گیاه Melissa officinalis L. | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 35، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 95، مرداد و شهریور 1398، صفحه 381-395 اصل مقاله (461.75 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.122878.2376 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صبا پیرطریقت1؛ مریم قنادنیا* 2 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، گروه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.381.95.3.1578.46 بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L.) از خانواده نعنا به‌عنوان یک گیاه دارویی مهم شناخته شده و از زمان‌های قدیم مورد استفاده مردم بوده است. مطالعه مسیرهای بیوسنتزی ترکیب‌های دارویی گیاه برای شناسایی مواد تأثیرگذار بر این مسیرها به‌منظور تغییر در کمّیت یا کیفیت تولید ترکیب‌های آنها اهمیت ویژه‌ای دارد. مسیر متابولیکی فنیل پروپانوئید شامل مسیرهای پیچیده‌ای از واکنش‌های بیوشیمیایی است که مجموعه‌ای از متابولیت‌های ثانویه گیاهی مثل فلاونوئیدها، ایزوفلاونوئیدها، لیگنین‌ها، آنتوسیانین‌ها و غیره را سنتز می‌کنند. فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز و 4-کومارات کوآ لیگاز دو آنزیم اصلی مسیر فنیل پروپانوئید می‌باشند که در بیوسنتز ترکیب‌های فنولی گیاهان نقش اساسی دارند. با توجه به اینکه بخشی از پاسخ به تنش و تغییرات محیطی در گیاهان شامل تغییر در بیان ژن‌های خاصی می‌شود، در این مطالعه بیان ژن‌های این دو آنزیم در گیاه بادرنجبویه رشد کرده در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای تحت تیمار کلسیم کلراید به روش Real Time PCR بررسی شده و همچنین پروتئین کل استخراج شده و به‌صورت کمّی اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش و کاهش کلسیم کلراید به میزان mg/L 880 و 220 باعث کاهش بیان ژن فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز و افزایش بیان ژن 4-کومارات کوآ لیگاز شده و همچنین میزان پروتئین کل گیاه به میزان g/L 585 و 595 به‌ترتیب در تیمارهای mg/L 880 و 220 کاهش یافت. همچنین براساس نتایج طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز مشخص شد که در تیمارها نسبت به شاهد برخی ترکیب‌های فنلی، کربوهیدرات‌ها، لیپیدها و پروتئین‌ها کاهش یافته است. این نتایج تأثیر یون کلسیم را در تنظیم بیان برخی ژن‌ها و تولید متابولیت‌های آنها نشان می‌دهد. بنابراین کلسیم در برخی از انواع فعل‌وانفعالات گیاهی و سنتز متابولیت‌های آنها نقش داشته و با تغییر مقدار آن می‌توان به میزان کنترل شده از ترکیب‌های گیاهی به‌منظور اهداف خاص استفاده کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بادرنجبویه (Melissa officinalis L.)؛ بیان ژن؛ پروتئین کل؛ طیف‌سنجی مادون قرمز؛ فنیل آلانین آمونیالیاز؛ 4-کومارات کوآ لیگاز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of calcium chloride on the expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) genes in Melissa officinalis L. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Pirtarighat1؛ M. Ghannadnia2 | ||
| 1Department of Biotechnology, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Melissa officinalis L. (Lamiaceae) has been used as an important medicinal herb since ancient times. The study of the biosynthetic pathways of the plant medicinal metabolites is of particular importance in identifying the materials affecting these pathways in order to change the quantity or quality of the medicinal metabolites. The metabolic pathway of phenylpropanoid includes sophisticated pathways of biochemical reactions that synthesize a set of secondary plant metabolites such as flavonoids, isoflavonoids, lignins, anthocyanins, etc. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL) are two main enzymes of the phenylpropanoid pathway, playing a fundamental role in the biosynthesis of plant phenolic compounds. Regarding the fact that stress and environmental changes lead to changes in the expression of certain genes in plants, in this study, the gene expression of two PAL and 4CL enzymes was investigated using Real-Time PCR technique in Melissa officinalis L. grown under in vitro conditions treated by calcium chloride. Moreover, the total protein was extracted and quantitatively measured. The results showed that increasing and decreasing calcium chloride by 880 and 220 (mg l-1) caused reduced PAL gene expression and increased 4CL gene expression, respectively. Also, the total plant protein content decreased by 585 and 595 (g l-1) in 880 and 220 (mg l-1) of calcium chloride treatment, respectively. According to Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis, it was found that some phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins decreased in calcium chloride treatment than the control group. These results show the effect of calcium ion on the regulation of some genes expression and the production of their metabolites. Therefore, by changing the amount of calcium, the controlled amount of plant compounds could be achieved for specific purposes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Melissa officinalis L, gene expression, total protein, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 4-coumarate CoA ligase | ||
| مراجع | ||
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