| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,012 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,669 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,771,253 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 39,070,066 |
بررسی جنبه‌های زیستی خواب، جوانه‌زنی و سبز شدن بذرهای ارشته خطایی (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides | ||
| دانش علف‌های هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 15، شماره 1، شهریور 1398، صفحه 77-95 اصل مقاله (836.85 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/IJWS.2019.1501.06 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد سرحدی1؛ مهدی راستگو* 1؛ ابراهیم ایزدی دربندی1؛ علی قنبری2؛ محمد علی باغستانی میبدی3 | ||
| 1گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات - دانشکده کشاورزی - دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 2گروه اگروتکنولوژی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد | ||
| 3عضو هیات علمی مرکز تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در طی سالهای اخیر، ارشتهخطایی(Lepyrodiclis holosteoides) به یکی از مشکلسازترین علفهایهرز پهنبرگ مزارع گندم و کلزا در مناطق معتدل و سردسیر کشور تبدیل شده است. با توجه به اهمیت زمان سبزشدن در میزان موفقیت علفهایهرز در بومنظامهای زراعی و همچنین اتخاذ راهکارهای مدیریتی کارآمد علیه این علفهرز مهاجم، مطالعاتی در زمینه برخی جنبه‌های زیستی حاکم بر خواب و جوانه‌زنی بذرهای این علفهرز، در مزارع شهرستان کرج و بخش علفهایهرز موسسه تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی کشور، در سالهای 1396-1393 انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج این بررسی، بذرهای ارشتهخطایی از پدیده چندشکلی در خواب بذر برخوردارند و اینگونه بهنظر میرسد که خواب حاکم بر این بذرها، از نوع خواب فیزیولوژیک (مربوط به مواد بازدارنده داخل بذر و تعادل هورمونی بین آبسیزیک اسید و جیبرلیک اسید) باشد. همچنین بذرهای ارشتهخطایی در فرایند جوانه‌زنی، حساسیت بسیار بالایی به نور نشان دادند. نخستین تاریخ سبزشدن ارشتهخطایی، در نیمه دوم آبانماه رخ داد و قدرت رویش بذر این علفهرز، با افزایش طول عمر بذرها، کاهش چشمگیری نشان داد. اگرچه بر اساس یافته های این بررسی، ارشتهخطایی از موجهای متعدد سبزشدن برخوردار است (که به احتمال قوی، این پدیده ناشی از چند شکلی خواب بذرهای است)؛ با این حال، بیش از 85 درصد از سبزشدن دانهرستها با دریافت 552 درجه-روز رشد حرارت محیطی تجمعی و در بازه زمانی 12 آذرماه تا 12 دیماه به انجام رسید. ید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تاریکی؛ درجه-روز رشد؛ چند شکلی؛ طول عمر بذر؛ نور سبز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The study of dormancy, germination and emergence biological aspects of jagged-chickweed (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides) seeds | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Sarhaddi1؛ Mehdi Rastgoo1؛ Ebrahim Ezadi Darbandi1؛ Ali Ghanbari2؛ Mohammad Baghestani3 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding - Faculty of Agriculture - Ferdowsi University of Mashhad | ||
| 2Department of Agrotechnology - Faculty of Agriculture - Ferdowsi University of Mashhad | ||
| 3Department of Weed Research, Iranian Institute of Plant Protection | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In the recent years, false jagged-chickweed (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides) has become one of the most problematic broadleaf weeds in wheat and canola fields of temperate and cold regions of Iran. Due to the the importance of the time of emergence of seedlings in the success of weed competition in crop ecosystems and consequently, the use of effective weed management methods, a series of studies were conducted in the fields of Karaj and in the Weed Research Department of Iranian Institute of Plant Protection (Tehran) during 2013-2016 to determine the biological aspects of dormancy and germination of this invasive weed seeds. Results showed that there is polymorphism in seed dormancy of false jagged-chickweed. Dormancy of false jagged-chickweed seeds can be classified in the physiological category (which is related to the presence of chemical inhibitors inside the seed and the hormonal balance between Abscisic acid and Gibberellic acid). Also, seeds of false jagged-chickweed are very photo sensitive in the germination process. The results showed that first date of the emergence of false jagged-chickweed occurred in the second half of November and seed vigor of this weed reduced significantly by increasing of seeds longevity. Lepyrodiclis seedlings emerged in form of multiple flashes during autumn and winter, however more than 85 percent of total emerged seedlings appeared after receiving 552 GDD over the period of December 12th to January 12th. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Darkness, green light, growing degree days (GDD), polymorphism, seed longevity | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ball, D.A., Frost, S.M. and Gitelman, A.I. 2004. Predicting timing of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) seed production using growing degree days. Weed Sci. 52(4): 518-524. Baskin, C.C. and Baskin, J.M. 1998. Seeds: ecology, biogeography and evolution of dormancy and germination. San Digo (CA): Academic press. 66 Pp. Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. 1979. Promotion of germination of Stellaria media seeds by light from a green safe lamp. New Phytol. 82(2): 381-383. Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. 1984. Germination ecophysiology of an eastern deciduous forest herb Stylophorum diphyllum. Am. Midl. Nat. 390-399. Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. 2004. A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Sci. Res. 14(1): 1-16. Bonhomme, R. 2000. Bases and limits to using ‘degree day ‘units. Eur. J. Agron. 13(1): 1-10. Chachalis, D., Korres, N. and Khah, E.M. 2008. Factors affecting seed germination and emergence of Venice mallow (Hibiscus trionum). Weed Sci. 56(4): 509-515. Da Mota, L.A.S. and Garcia, Q. S. 2013. Germination patterns and ecological characteristics of Vellozia seeds from high-altitude sites in south-eastern Brazil. Seed Sci. Res. 23(1): 67-74. Derakhshan, A., Gherekhloo, J., Ribas, A. and Rafael, D.P. 2014. Quantitative description of the germination of little seed canarygrass (Phalaris minor) in response to temperature. Weed Sci. 62: 250-257. Finch-Savage, W.E. and Leubner-Metzger, G. 2006. Seed dormancy and the control of germination. New Phytol. 171 (3): 501-523. Folta, k.m. and Maruhnich, S.A. 2007. Green light: a signal to slow down or stop. J. Exp. Bot. 58 (12): 3099-3111. Forcella, F., Bench Arnold, R.L., Sanchez, R. and Ghersa, C.M. 2000. Modeling seedling emergence. Field Crops Res. 67(2): 123-139. Garcia-Huidobro, J., Monteith, J.L. and Squuire, G.R. 1982. Time, temperature and germination of pearl millet (Pennisetum typhoides). J. Exp. Bot. 33: 288-296. Greenberg, A.K. 2013. Phylogenetics, biogeography, and rates of evolution in the plant clade caryophyllaceae. Yale University. 387 Pp. Grundy, A.C. 2003. Predicting weed emergence: a review of approaches and future challenges. Weed Res. 43(1): 1-11. Hardegree, S.P. 2006. Predicting germination response to temperature. I. Cardinal-temperature models and subpopulation-specific regression. Annals of Botany. 97(6): 1115-1125. Hosseini, S.S., Qaderifar, F. and Mohammadnejad, Y. 2013. Seed vigor testing to predict mung bean (vigna radiata) emergence in farm. Journal of Seed Sci. Technol. 2 (1): 47-52. (In Persian). Juroszek, P. and Gerhards, R. 2004. Photocontrol of weeds. J. Agron. and Crop Sci. 190(6): 402-415. Karam, N.S. and Al salem, M.M. 2001. Breaking dormancy in (Arbutus andrachne) seeds by stratification and gibberlic acid. Seed Sci. Technol.29: 52-56. Khatibzadeh, R., Azizi, M., Arvini, H. and Khodashenas, M. 2013. In vitro studding on effect of Surface disinfection and chilling treatment on seed germination of (Levisticum officinale Koch.) J. Hortic. Sci. 27(2): 130-138. (In Persian). Khoochaki, A. and Azizi, G. 2006. Effect of different treatments on breaking dormancy of (Teucrium polium). Iranian J. Field Crops Res. 3(1): 81-88. (In Persian). Khordustan, Z., Meighani, F. and Bakhshi-Khaniki, G. 2013. Ecophysiology of seed germination in Lepyrodiclis (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzel.). Proceeding of the 5th Iranian Weed Sci. Cong. Karaj, August 24-26 (In Persian with English summary). Koneshloo, H. 1998. Ecophysiological criteria of CAM-C4-C3 plants and their application for grasslands restoration. Jehad Minestery, Deputy of Education and Research, Forestry and Rangeland Research Institute. 117 pages. (In Persian). Leon, R.G. and Knapp, A.D. 2004. Effect of temperature on the germination of common water hemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus), giant foxtail (Setaria faberi), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Sci.. 52: 67-73. Makkizadeh-Tafti, M., Farhoudi, M., Rastifar, M. and Sadat Asilan, K. 2012. Methods of breaking seed dormancy in Caper (Capparis spinosa L.). Iranian J. Range Desert Res. 18 (4): 569-577. (In Persian with English summary). McMaster, G.S. and Wilhelm, W.W. 1997. Growing degree-days: one equation, tow interpretations. Agric. For. Meteorol. 87: 291-300. Mijani, S., Ghanbari, A., Serajchi, M. and Dehghan, A. 2012. Determination of cardinal temperatures of Lepyrodiclis (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzel). Proceeding of the 12 th National Agron. Plant Breeding Cong. Karaj, September. 4-6. (In Persian). Minbashi-Moeeni, M. 2011. Preparation of weed species distribution of Iran wheat fields with GIS. Research Report, Crop Protection Organization, Iran, 300 Pp. Mirkamali, H. 2004. Guidance of weeds identification and management of wheat fields of Iran. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization of Iran, EATK press. 264 Pp. (In Persian). Mirtaheri, S.M. 2014. Investigation of some edaphic factors on germination of Lepyrodiclis (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzel.) and possibility of its chemical control. PhD Thesis, Islamic Azad University. Iran. (In Persian) 102 Pp. Mirtaheri, S.M., Vazan, S., Baghestani, M.A., Paknejad, F. and Tohidloo, G. 2015. Investigation effect of flooding and burial depth on germination and percentage of (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzel.). Biological Farum- An Iinternational Journal. 7(1): 1840-1844. خلاصه نام ژورنال پیدا نشد Montieth, J.L. 1981. Climatic variations and the growth of crops. Q. J. Royal Meteorol. Soc. 107: 749-774. Nemati, A., Sharifi, H., Gerdakaneh, M. and Sharifi, Z. 2016. The effect of pre-chilling and gibberellic acid on breaking seed dormancy of two medicinal plants species Silybum Mrianum and Citrulus Colocynthis. Iranian J. Seed Res. 3(1): 169-177. (In Persian with English summary). Panwar–Bhardwaj, S.D. 2005. Handbook of practical forestry. AGROBIOS (INDIA), 191 p. Rahimian, H. and Khosravi, M. 1996. Seed physiology. Mashhad JDM Press. 96 Pp. (In Persian). Ritchie, J.T. and NeSmith, D. S. 1991. Temperature and crop development. Modeling plant and soil systems. (modelingplantan). P: 5-29. Roche, C.T., Thill, D. C. and Shafii, B. 1997. Estimation of base and optimum temperatures for seed germination in common crupina (Crupina vulgaris L.). Weed Sci. 45: 529-533. Sasanian, S., Tavakkolafshar, R. and Pustin, K. 2008. Evaluation of the effect of moist chilling, hormonal treatments and storage on dormancy breaking and germination induction of (Bunium persicum). Iranian J. Agric. Sci. 38(2): 287-294. (In Persian). Soltani, A. 2006. Re-consideration of application of statistical methods in agricultural researches. Mashhad JDM Press. 74 Pp. (In Persian). Tzortzakis, N.G. 2009. Effect of pre-sowing treatment on seed germination and seedling vigor in endive and chicory. J. Hortic. Sci. 36(3): 117-125. Vieira, B.C., Rodrigues, B.M. and Garcia, Q.S. 2018. Light exposure time and light quality on seed germination of Vellozia species (Velloziaceae) from Brazilian campo rupestre. Flora. 238: 94-101. Yaghoobi, S. 2011. Echophysiologic aspects of interaction of nitrogen and herbicide on management of Lepyrodiclis (Lepyrodiclis holosteoides Fenzel.) in wheat field. PhD Thesis. Tarbiat Modares University. Iran. (In Persian). Zaffarian, S., Hooshmand, S. and Roohi, V. 2012. The ffect of temperature and seed longevity on dormancy breaking and germination characteristics of (Kelussia odoratissima Mozaff) seeds. J. Herb. Drugs. 2 (4): 255-259. (In Persian). Zand, E., RahimianMashhadi, H., Koochaki, A., Khalghani, J., Mousavi, K. and Ramezani, K. 2004. Weed ecology application for management. Mashhad JDM Press. (In Persian) 560 Pp. Zhang, Z.P. 2003. Development of chemical weed control and integrated weed management in China. Weed Biol. Manag. 3(4): 197-203.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 821 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 562 |
||