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بررسی اثر عصاره چند گیاه دارویی بر مهار قارچ Alternaria solani عامل بیماری لکه‌موجی گوجه‌فرنگی | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 35، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 96، مهر و آبان 1398، صفحه 588-600 اصل مقاله (342.36 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.124119.2435 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صدیقه اسمعیلی1؛ مریم رفیعی1؛ مهدی صیدی* 2؛ سیامک بیگی3؛ زهرا طهماسبی4؛ میثم محمدی5؛ مهرداد کهزادیان6 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، اداره حفظ نباتات، جهاد کشاورزی، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 5دانشجوی دکترای باغبانی، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران | ||
| 6کارشناس ارشد، اداره منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری، ایلام، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.588.96.4.1576.1610 بیماری لکه‌موجی ناشی از قارچ Alternaia solani یکی از مهمترین بیماری‌های گوجه‌فرنگی در ایران و سایر نقاط جهان می‌باشد. به‌منظور بررسی فعالیت ضد قارچی چند گیاه دارویی برای کنترل قارچ Alternaria solani در شرایط درون شیشه و گلخانه آزمایش‌هایی مجزا در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی اجرا شد. در آزمایش اول اثر غلظت‌های 200، 400 و ppm600 عصاره آبی و الکلی آویشن زوفایی (Thymbra spicata L.)، آویشن کرک‌آلود (Thymus eriocalyx (Ronniger) Jalas)، مرزه خوزستانی (Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad) و لعل کوهستان (Oliveria decumbens Vent.) همراه با شاهد (آب مقطر) در شرایط درون شیشه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت که نتایج حکایت از مهار کامل رشد پرگنه قارچ در کلیه تیمارها داشت. در آزمایش دوم 72 ساعت پس از آلوده‌سازی بوته‌های گوجه‌فرنگی با عامل بیماری لکه‌موجی در داخل گلخانه، محلول‌پاشی با غلظت‌های 200، 400 و ppm600 عصاره‌های مذکور اعمال و 14 روز بعد مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. در آزمایش سوم نیز اثر حفاظتی تیمارهای فوق مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. نتایج آزمایش‌های دوم و سوم نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت عصاره، اثر مهارکنندگی و حفاظتی تیمارها نیز افزایش یافت. همچنین، اگرچه همه تیمارها باعث کاهش درصد شدت بیماری نسبت به شاهد (آب مقطر) شدند، ولی غلظت ppm600 عصاره آویشن زوفایی، ppm600 آویشن کرک‌آلود و ppm400 آویشن زوفایی به‌ترتیب بیشترین اثر مهارکنندگی و حفاظتی بر رشد قارچ مورد مطالعه داشتند. بنابراین، استفاده از تیمارهای فوق به‌عنوان برنامه‌ای کاربردی برای کنترل بیولوژیک قارچ Alternaria solani عامل بیماری لکه‌موجی گوجه‌فرنگی توصیه می‌گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| فعالیت ضد قارچی؛ آویشن زوفایی (Thymbra spicata L.)؛ آویشن کرک‌آلود (Thymus eriocalyx (Ronniger) Jalas)؛ مرزه خوزستانی (Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad)؛ لعل کوهستان (Oliveria decumbens Vent.) | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of some medicinal plants on control of Alternaria solani fungus causing tomato early blight disease | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Esmaili1؛ M. Rafiei1؛ M. Saidi2؛ S. Beigi3؛ Z. Tahmasebi4؛ M. Mohammadi5؛ M. Kohzadian6 | ||
| 1M.Sc. graduated, Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Plant Protection, Jahaad-e- Keshavarzi, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 5Ph.D. student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Zanjan University, Zanjan, Iran | ||
| 6Department of Natural Resources and Watershed, Ilam, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Tomato early blight disease, caused by Alternaia solani fungus, is one of the most important diseases of tomato in the world, and also in Iran. In order to investigate the antifungal activity of some medicinal plants to control this fungus, separate experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design under in vitro and greenhouse conditions. In the first experiment, the effect of concentrations of 200, 400 and 600 ppm of hydro-alcoholic extract (70% methanol and 30% water) of Thymbra spicata L., Thymus eriocalyx (Ronniger) Jalas, Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad and Oliveria decumbents Vent. with the negative (distilled water) and positive (Daconil, 3 g l-1) controls on the growth of A. solani fungus was studied under in vitro conditions. The results of the first experiment indicated complete inhibiting of fungal colony growth in all treatments. In the second experiment, 72 hours after contamination of tomato plants with A. solani fungus in an isolated greenhouse, contaminated plants were sprayed with the above-mentioned treatments and monitored for the disease symptoms 14 days later. In the third experiment, the protective effect of the above-mentioned treatments was studied. The results of the second and third experiments showed that with an increase in the extract concentration, the inhibitory and protective effects of the treatments increased. Although all treatments reduced the disease severity compared to the control, the concentrations of 600 ppm of T. spicata, 600 ppm of T. eriocalyx and 400 ppm of T. spicata, respectively had the most effective inhibitory and protective effects on the growth of fungus studied. Therefore, the use of the above treatments is recommended as a practical method for biological control of A. solani. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Antifungal activity, Thymbra spicata L, Thymus eriocalyx (Ronniger) Jalas, Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad, Oliveria decumbents Vent | ||
| مراجع | ||
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