| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,084 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,415 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 48,583,461 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 79,153,173 |
بررسی تأثیر کودهای شیمیایی، زیستی و تلفیقی بر ویژگی‌های کمّی و کیفی اسانس و علوفه گیاه دارویی رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 35، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 97، آذر و دی 1398، صفحه 774-788 اصل مقاله (716.21 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2019.124424.2450 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| الهه تشکری فرد1؛ غلام رضا محسن آبادی* 2؛ سید محمدرضا احتشامی2؛ سمانه اسدی صنم3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، بخش گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.774.97.5.1576.41 این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی مدیریت‌های متنوع حاصلخیزی خاک بر صفات مورفولوژی، عملکرد اسانس و کیفیت علوفه رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) اجرا شد. آزمایش به‌صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور اجرا گردید. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل پنج سطح کود (شیمیایی، زیستی، ورمی‌کمپوست، تلفیق 75% و 50% غلظت کودهای شیمیایی + کودهای زیستی + ورمی‌کمپوست) بود. نتایج حکایت از معنی‌دار بودن اعمال تیمارهای مختلفکودی بر صفات مورد بررسی داشتند. بر این اساس تیمار 75% کودهای شیمیایی به‌همراه کودهای زیستی و ورمی‌کمپوست با بهبود ویژگی‌های مورفولوژی، عملکرد اسانس و عملکرد کمّی و کیفی علوفه، به‌عنوان تیمار برتر شناخته شد. تیمار مذکور، بالاترین ارتفاع بوته (95 سانتی‌متر)، وزن خشک اندام هوایی (98 گرم در مترمربع)، عملکرد زیستی (1191.6 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، عملکرد دانه (138 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و شاخص برداشت (11.6%) را به خود اختصاص داد. بیشترین و کمترین درصد و عملکرد اسانس به‌ترتیب مربوط به تیمار 75% غلظت کودهای شیمیایی + کودهای زیستی + ورمی‌کمپوست (حدود 3% و 18 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و تیمار کاربرد 100% کودهای شیمیایی (حدود 2% و 13 کیلوگرم در هکتار) بود. صفات مهم کیفیت علوفه مانند درصد ماده خشک قابل هضم، درصد قندهای محلول در آب و میزان خاکستر در تیمار ادغام 75% غلظت کودهای شیمیایی با کودهای زیستی و ورمی‌کمپوست بالاترین مقدار را به‌همراه داشت. در حالی‌که صفات مذکور در کاربرد 100% کودهای شیمیایی، در مقایسه با سایر تیمارها کمترین مقدار را دارا بود. افزون براین عوامل کاهنده کیفیت علوفه مانند فیبرهای نامحلول در شوینده خنثی و اسیدی در این تیمار بیشترین مقادیر را شامل شد. بنابراین به‌نظر می‌رسد در راستای دستیابی به کشاورزی پایدار و بهینه‌سازی تولید ارگانیک گیاهان دارویی، غلظت‌های کاهش‌یافته کودهای شیمیایی به‌همراه منابع زیستی افزون بر تولید اقتصادی بتواند موجب کاهش آلودگی محیط‌زیست شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| حاصلخیزی خاک؛ مورفولوژی؛ گیاه دارویی؛ کیفیت علوفه؛ ریزجانداران | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of integrated soil fertility management on the quantitative and qualitative yield of fodder, seed and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) essential oil | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| E. Tashakorifard1؛ Gh.R. Mohsenabadi2؛ S.M.R. Ehteshami2؛ S. Asadi-Sanam3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Agronomy Division, Guilan university, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Agronomy Division, Guilan university, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 3Medicinal plants Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was carried out to investigate different soil fertility management on morphological traits, essential oil yield and quality of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill) forage. The experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. The experimental treatments included five fertilizer levels (chemical, biological, vermicompost, 75% and 50% concentration of chemical fertilizers + bio-fertilizers + vermicompost). The results indicated the significant effects of different fertilizer treatments on the traits studied. Accordingly, the treatment of 75% chemical fertilizers with biofertilizers and vermicompost improved morphological characteristics, essential oil yield, and quantitative and qualitative yield of forage, recognized as superior treatment. The above mentioned treatment had the highest plant height (95 cm), shoot dry weight (98 g m-2), biological yield (1191.6 kg ha-1), seed yield (138 kg ha-1), and harvest index (11.6%). The highest and lowest percentage and essential oil yield were related to 75% chemical fertilizers+biofertilizers+vermicompost (about 3% and 18 kg ha-1) and 100% chemical fertilizers treatment (about 2% and 13 kg ha-1), respectively. The highest amount of important forage qualitative traits such as digestible dry matter (%), water soluble sugars (%) and ash content was obtained in 75% chemical fertilizers with biofertilizers and vermicompost treatment. While the above mentioned traits had the lowest amount in the application of 100% of chemical fertilizers, compared to other treatments. In addition, forage quality-reducing factors such as neutral and acidic insoluble fiber had the highest values in this treatment. It seems that in order to achieve sustainable agriculture and optimize the organic production of medicinal plants, the reduced concentrations of chemical fertilizers along with bio-resources can reduce environmental pollution in addition to economic production. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Soil fertility, morphology, medicinal plant, forage quality, microorganisms | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abd El-Azim, W., Khater, M., Rania, M.R. and Badawy, M.Y.M., 2017. Effect of Bio-fertilization and different licoric extracts on growth and productivity of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. plant. Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 06(01): 1-12. - Agha Baba Dastjerdi, M., Aminin Dehaghi, M., Chaichi, M.R. and Bosaghzadeh, Z., 2015. Evalution of biomass production and some quality characteristics of fennel in different fertilizing systems. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 13(2): 369-377. - Aghhavani Shajari, M., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Ghorbani, R. and Nasiri Mahallati, M., 2014. Effects of organic, biological and chimical fertilizers on vegetative indices and essential oil content of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Agroecology, 6(3): 425-443. - Asadi, S., Chaichi, M.R., Abassdokht, H., Asghari, H.R. and Ghplipour, M., 2014. Evaluation of forage qualitative characterictics of sorghum and fenugreek affected by nitrogen fertilizer (biological, chimical and integrated) in additive intercropping. Iran Journal of Field Crops Science, 44(3): 479-493. - Asangla, H. and Gohain, T., 2016. Effect of fodder yield and quality attributes of maize (Zea Mays L.) + cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L.) intercropping and different levels. Intrnational Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, 6(2): 349-356. - Awasthi, U.D., Tripathi, A.K., Dubey, S.D. and Kumar, S., 2011. Effect of row ratio and fertility levels on growth, productivity, competition and economics in chickpea + fennel intercropping system under scarce moisture condition. JournalofFoodLegumes, 24(3): 211-214. - Baghdadi, A., Ridzwan, A.H., Ghasemzadeh, A., Fauzi Ramlan, M. and Sakimin, S.Z., 2018. Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on yield and quality of silage corn in intercropped system with soybean. https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.26905v1, 1-44. - Carvalho, W.G., de Pinho Costa, K.A., Epifanio, P.S., Perim, R.C., Teixeira, D.A.A. and Medeiros, L.T., 2016. Silage quality of corn and sorghum added with forage peanuts. Revista Caatinga, 29(2): 465-472. - Dadkhah, A.R., 2012. Effect of chimicals and bio-fertilizers on yield, growth parameters and essential oil contents of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller.). Journal of Medicinal Plants and By-Products, 2: 101-105. - Darzi, M.T., Ghalavand, A., Rejali, F. and Sefidkon, F., 2007. Effeect of biofertilizers application on yield and yield component in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatis Plants Research, 22(4): 276-292. - Ehteshami, S.M.R., Ebrahimi, P. and Zand, B., 2012. Investigation of quantitative and quqalitative characterictics of silage Corn genotype in Varamin region. Elecrtonic Journal of Crop Production, 5(4): 19-38. - Ehteshami, S.M.R., Janzamin, I., Ramezani, M., Khavazi, K. and Zand, B., 2013. Effect of integrated management of phosphorus fertilizer on quantitative and qualitative yield of tow forage Corn cultivars in Varamin. Agricultural Crop Management, 15(1): 95-110. - Griffe, P., Metha, S. and Shankar, D., 2003. Organic production of medicinal, aromatic and dye-yielding plants (MADPs). Forward, Preface and Introduction, FAO. - Hamzei, J., Najjari, S., and Salimi, F. 2014. Evaluation of the effect of integrated application of Bio-chimical fertilizers on growth, grain yield and its quality in anise (Pimpinella anisum L.). Journal of Research in Agronomy Ecosystemes, 1(2): 45-54. - Hosseinzadeh Namin, P. and Amini, M., 2015. Effects of integrated usage of Bio and chimical phosphate fertilizer on growth, yield, yield componenet and essential oil of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Journal of Plant Research, 27(4): 592-604. - Jafari, A., 2002. Possibility of using near-infrared spectrometer for estimating digestibility of grass. Seminar of Animal and Poultry Diets. Institute of Animal Husbandry, Karaj, Iran, September 1, 55-63. - Javanmard, A., Dabbagh Mohammadi Nasab, A., Nasiri, Y. and Shekari, F., 2014. Evaluation of forage yield and some advantage indices intercropping corn with different legume as double cropped. Journal of Crop Productin and Processing, 4(12): 39-51. - Keshavarz Afshar, R., Chaichi, M.R., Moghadam, H. and Ehteshami, S.M.R., 2012. Irrigation, phosphorus fertilizer and phosphorus solubilizing microorganism effects on yield and forage quality of turnip (Brassica rapa L.) in an arid region of Iran. Agricultural Research, 1(4): 370-378. - Khalid, A.Kh., Hendawy, S.F. and El-Gezawy, E., 2006. Ocimum basilicum L. production under organic farming. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, 2(1): 25-32. - Khorshidi, J., Fakhr Tabatabaei, M., Omidbaigi, R. and Sefidkon, F., 2009. The effect of different densities of planting on morphological characters, yield and yield components of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. cv. Soroksary). Journal of Agriculture Science, 1(2): 66-73. - Lamei Haravani, J., 2013. Assessment of dry forage and crude protein yields, competition and advantage indices in mixed cropping of annual forage legume crop with Barley in rainfed condition of Zanjan province in Iran. Seed and Plant Production Journal, 29(2): 169-183. - Loomis, W.D. and Corteau, R., 1972. Essential oil biosynthesis. Recently Advance Phytochemistry, 6: 147-185. - Mahfouz, S.A. and Sharaf-Eldin, M.A., 2007. Effect of mineral vs. biofertilizer on growth, yield and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum valgare Mill.). International Agrophysics, 21: 361-366. - Majidian, M., Khoshchehreh Ziba, E. and Mansouri Far, S., 2016. Dry matter digestibility, forage, manure, nitrogen protein. Journal of Agriculture Science and Sustainable Production, 26(1): 131-143. - Mohamadi Ariya, M., Lakziyan, A. and Hagh Nia, G.H., 2010. The effects of inoculum of Thiobacillus and Asperjillus on growth of Zea mays. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 8(1): 82-89. - Nakhaei, A., Moosavi, S.Gh.R., Baradaran, R. and Azari Nasrabad, A., 2012. Effect of nitrogen and plant density levels on yield and yield components of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 4(12): 803-810. - Roumani, A., Ehteshami, S.M.R. and Rabiei, M., 2015. Effect of seed inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on forage quality and yield of turnip (Brassica rape L.) at the different values of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Plant Production Technology, 6(2): 89-99. - Stefano, M.M., Leonard, L.F. and Ziliotto, U., 2013. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer effects on alfalfa and soil in a non-limited soil. Agronomy Journal, l05(6): 1613-1618. - Tahami Zarandi, S.M.K., Rezvani Moghaddam, P. and Jahan, M., 2013. Effects of various organic and chemical fertilizers on growth indices of basil (Ocium basilicum L.). Agroecology, 5(4): 363-372. - Taiz, L. and Zeiger, E., 2000. Plant Physiology. Sinauer Associates Publisher, 705p. - Tiwana, U.S., Puri, K.P. and Singh, S., 2003. Fodder yield and quality of multicut pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) as influenced by nitrogen and phosphorous under Punjab conditions. Journal Research of Punjab Agricultural University, 36: 10-18. - Valadabadi, S.A.R., Lebaschi, M.H. and Aliabadi Farahani, H., 2009. The effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), P2O5 fertilizer and irrigation according to physiological growth indices of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 25(3): 414-428. - Vos, J., Vander Putten, P.E.L. and Birch, C.J., 2005. Effect of nitrogen supply on leaf appearance, leaf nitrogen economy and photosynthetic maize (Zea mays L.). Field Crops Research, 93: 64-73. - Younesian, A., Taheri, Sh. and Rezvani Moghadam, P., 2012. The effect of organic and biological fertilizers on essential oil content of Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (Sweet Fennel). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 5(18): 2141-2146. - Youssef, A.A., Edris, A.E. and Gomaa, A.M., 2004. A comparative study between some plant growth regulators and certain growth hormones producing microorganisms on growth and essential oil composition of Salvia officinalis L. Plant Annals of Agricultural Science, 9: 299-311. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 823 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 651 |
||