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رفتار پراکنش زنبور | ||
| آفات و بیماری های گیاهی | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 87، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 109، اسفند 1398، صفحه 297-308 اصل مقاله (635.98 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مدیریت آفات و بیماری‌های گیاهی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaep.2019.128473.1314 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| جلال شیرازی* 1؛ مسعود امیرمعافی2؛ همت دادپور3؛ علی جوینده4 | ||
| 1عضو هیات علمی/موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور | ||
| 2عضو هیئت علمی | ||
| 3آزمایشگاه بیولوژیک آمل | ||
| 4بخش گیاهپزشکی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پراکنش زنبور Trichogramma brassicae Bezd. با رهاسازی تعداد 50000 فرد بالغ در مرکز دو مزرعه برنج و 4 نوبت نمونهبرداری به‌وسیله تخم تله بید غلات Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.)) و کارتهای زرد چسبنده مطالعه شد. نتایج نشان داد در مزرعه اول ضریب پخش معادل 04/3 مترمربع در روز در نمونهبرداری اول بود، اما این مقدار در نوبت دوم بیش از 50 درصد کاهش داشت (07/1 مترمربع در روز) و در نوبت سوم به 28/11 مترمربع در روز رسید. در مزرعه دوم همین ضریب از 93/3 متر مربع در روز به 76/29 متر مربع در روز در نمونهبرداری سوم رسید. فاصله در برگیرنده 98 درصد جمعیت زنبور، در مزرعه اول، 80/9 متر در نمونهبرداری اول ثبت شد و به حداکثر 11/15 متر در نمونهبرداری سوم رسید، اما در مزرعه دوم از 21/11 متر در نوبت اول به حداکثر 45/53 متر در نوبت سوم افزایش یافت. متوسط تعداد زنبور باقیمانده در مزرعه اول 67/630 عدد و در مزرعه دوم 18/272 عدد در واحد سطح در کل دوره آزمایش بود. حداکثر میانگین میزان پارازیتیسم در مزرعه اول و دوم در نوبت اول نمونهبرداری در شعاع یک متری از نقطه رهاسازی مشاهده شد (به‌ترتیب 75/64 و 91 میانگین تخم پارازیته به ازای هر کارت) و با گذشت زمان و افزایش فاصله، کاهش یافت. نتیجهگیری اینکه برای بهرهمندی بهتر از رهاسازی زنبور تریکوگراما در کنترل ساقه خوار برنج، نیاز است تا توزیع زنبورها در مزرعه یکنواخت تر انجام شود. این امر نیازمند تغییر شیوه بستهبندی و رهاسازی زنبور است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| رفتار پراکنش؛ زنبور Trichogramma brassicae؛ کنترل بیولوژیک؛ کرم ساقه‌خوار برنج | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Dispersal behavior of Trichogramma brassicae in rice field | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Jalal Shirazi1؛ Masood Amir Maafi2؛ Hemmat Dadpour3؛ َAli Jooyandeh4 | ||
| 2Sunn Pest Dept | ||
| 3Biocontrol Lab, Amol | ||
| 4Dept of Plant Protection | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Dispersal of Trichogramma brassicae Bezd. was studied in 2 rice fields by a single release of 50000 adult wasps from a central point and recapturing them using yellow sticky traps and egg cards of Sitotroga cerealella (Oliv.) Results revealed that in rice field 1, dispersal coefficients were 3.04 and 1.07 m2/day at 1st and 2nd sampling turns. However, it reached to a level of 11.28 m2/day at 3rd sampling turn. In contrast, T. brassicae dispersed with a speed of 3.93 m2/dayat 1st sampling turn and had the highest dispersal coefficient (29.76 m2/day) at 3rd sampling turn in rice field 2. Similarly, the distances that encompassed 98% recaptured T. brassicae was highest in field 2 (53.45 m) compared with that in field 1 (15.11 m) at 3rd sampling turn. Number of wasps remained in fields 1 and 2 were recorded as 630.67 and 272.18 individuals, respectively, for total sampling turns. Moreover, the highest parasitism rates (64.75 and 91 mean parasitized eggs/card in fields 1 and 2, respectively) were observed at 1 meter distance from release point at first sampling turn and it decreased with time and distance elevation. It is concluded that more release points of T. brassicae per rice field is required to achieve universal dispersal in successful rice stem borer biocontrol. It needs innovation in packing and release method of the wasp. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biological control, dispersal behavior, rice stem borer, Trichogramma brassicae | ||
| مراجع | ||
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