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بررسی تغییر زمانی روان‌آب، فرسایش و عنصرهای غذایی خاک متأثر از آتش سوزی در جنگل‌های آبخیز دریاچه زریبار | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 33، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 127، تیر 1399، صفحه 52-65 اصل مقاله (1.09 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2019.126995.1243 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ایرج عالی1؛ شیرکو ابراهیمی محمدی* 2؛ مسعود داوری3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشکده‌ی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان | ||
| 2استادیار گروه مهندسی مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده‌ی منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان | ||
| 3استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آتشسوزی باعث تغییر در ویژگی‌های فیزیکی، شیمیایی و زیستی خاک مانند تخلخل، وزن مخصوص، نفوذ آب، روان‌آب و فرسایش، پی‌اچ و چرخه‌ی عنصرهای غذایی می‌شود. در این پژوهش به کمک چهارچوب‌های 0/09 مترمربعی و شبیهساز باران مدل Eijkelkamp تغییر زمانی روان‌آب، فرسایش، مواد معلق و مقدار نیتروژن کل، فسفر کل و پتاسیم استخراج‌شدنی خاک سطحی بررسی، و وضعیت بازگشت شرایط عرصههای سوخته به حالت طبیعی در آبخیز دریاچه‌ی زریبار از 1393 تا 1396 تحلیل شد. نتایج در تراز اطمینان 95% بیانگر افزایش دو برابری روان‌آب در کوتاه‌مدت و روند کاهشی آن در بلندمدت بود. غلظت مواد معلق خروجی از چهارچوب‌ها با افزایش سه‌برابری در کوتاه‌مدت مواجه شد. آتشسوزی باعث 70، 286 و 48% افزایش معنیدار به ترتیب در نیتروژن کل، فسفر کل و پتاسیم استخراج‌شدنی خاک در سال اول شد. اما در بلندمدت تنها پتاسیم استخراج‌شدنی به حالت طبیعی بازگشت. بنابراین مشخص شد که چهار سال پس از آتشسوزی در جنگل‌های بلوط در آبخیز دریاچه‌ی زریبار، متغیرهای بررسی‌شده به‌جز غلظت مواد معلق و پتاسیم استخراج‌شدنی خاک به حالت طبیعی قبل از آتشسوزی برنگشته است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پتاسیم قابل استخراج؛ جنگل بلوط؛ فسفر؛ مریوان؛ نیتروژن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Temporal variations of runoff, erosion and soil nutrients affected by fires in oak forests of Lake Zaribar | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Iraj Alli1؛ Shirko Ebrahimi Mohammadi2؛ Masoud Davari3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Student of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan | ||
| 3Assistant Pprofessor, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fires cause physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil such as porosity, specific gravity, infiltration rate, runoff, erosion, pH and nutrient cycling. The Eijkelkamp rainfall simulator and 0.09 m2 plots were used to investigate the temporal variations of runoff, erosion, suspended load concentration and the amount of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and extractable soil potassium, and finally, how the burned areas in the Zarivar Lake Watershed returned to the previous conditions from 2014 to 2017 were analyzed. Results at the 95% confidence level showed a two-fold increase in the runoff in the short term, and a decreasing trend in the long term. The suspended load removed from the plots increased threefold in the short term. The fire also significantly increased total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and extractable potassium in the first year by 70, 286 and 48%, respectively. But in the long term, only the extractable potassium returned to the normal condition. Therefore, it was found that, after four years of fire in the oak forests of the Zaribar Lake Watershed, except for the suspended load concentration and extractable potassium, the other variables did not return to the normal conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Extractable potassium, Marivan, nitrogen, oak forest, phosphorus | ||
| مراجع | ||
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