| تعداد نشریات | 285 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 83 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,110 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,669 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 49,858,804 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 80,193,356 |
الگوبرداری از رشد گیاه دارویی کَوَر (Capparis spinosa L.) در رویشگاه طبیعی برای کشت در سیستمهای زراعی کمنهاده | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 35، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 98، بهمن و اسفند 1398، صفحه 1002-1016 اصل مقاله (706.88 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2020.127872.2645 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فاطمه آگاه1؛ محمدعلی اسماعیلی* 2؛ محمد فرزام3؛ رحمت عباسی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای زراعت (فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی)، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه زراعت، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.1002.98.6.1575.1607 پیامد تغییر اقلیم در رویشگاههای طبیعی مناطق خشک و نیمهخشک کاهش تنوع گونهای است که ضرورت اهلیسازی و کشت گونههای عرصههای طبیعی را در سیستمهای کشاورزی آشکار میکند. گیاه دارویی کَوَر (Capparis spinosa L.)، یکی از گیاهان ارزشمند بومی عرصههای طبیعی است که میتوان با شناخت الگوها و مراحل رشد آن در رویشگاههای طبیعی و نسخهبرداری از آن، نسبت به کشت آن اقدام کرد. به همین منظور، برای بررسی نیازهای اکولوژیک، مراحل فنولوژیک و عادات رشدی گیاه دارویی ارزشمند کور، رویشگاه طبیعی این گیاه واقع در بخش مزداوند شهرستان سرخس انتخاب شد و مطالعات در سال 1395 انجام گردید. بهمنظور مطالعه مراحل فنولوژیک گیاه، فاصله زمانی برای هر مرحله فنولوژیک براساس تعداد روز و درجه روز رشد محاسبه و ثبت گردید. ویژگیهای رشد (مساحت کانوپی، طول قطر بزرگ و قطر کوچک کانوپی و تعداد شاخه) اندازهگیری شد و روند تغییرات با مدلهای سیگموئیدی، درجه دو، توانی و خطی مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. نتایج بررسی اکولوژیک رویشگاه نشان داد که رویشگاه مورد مطالعه بیشتر ماههای سال تحت تأثیرخشکی بوده، همچنین تجزیه خاک نشان داد که بافت خاک، سیلتی لوم و اسیدیته خاک در محدوده قلیایی بوده و مقادیر بالای هدایتالکتریکی خاک در اعماق مختلف نیز نشانگر وجود مقادیر زیاد املاح در خاک بود. خاک رویشگاه از نظر عناصر اصلی (نیتروژن، فسفر و پتاس) و کربن آلی فقیر بوده و مقادیر این عناصر بسیار پایینتر از حد مطلوب خاکهای زراعی برآورد شد. بررسی مراحل فنولوژیک گیاه کور نشان داد که این گیاه برای طی مراحل رشدی خود به 211 روز و 2745.3 درجه روز رشد نیاز دارد. بررسی روند تغییرات رشدی در رویشگاه نشان داد که گیاه در سه ماه اول، سرعت رشد نسبتاً بالایی از نظر گسترش سطح کانوپی داشته و با گذشت زمان از سرعت رشد آن کاسته میشود و مدل سیگموئیدی بهخوبی این الگوی رشدی را پیشبینی میکند. طبق نتایج بررسی عادات رشدی گیاه کور در رویشگاه طبیعی و با الگوبرداری از نحوه گسترش این گیاه در سطح زمین و نیز با توجه به چندساله بودن آن، توصیه میشود آرایش کاشت کور در سیستمهای زراعی به گونهای طراحی شود که بوتهها فضای کافی برای گسترش کانوپی داشته باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| اهلیسازی؛ درجه روز رشد؛ فنولوژی؛ گیاه دارویی؛ مدلسازی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Modeling of Capparis spinosa L. growth in natural habitat for cultivation in low input farming systems | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| F. Agah1؛ M.A. Esmaeili2؛ M. Farzam3؛ R. Abbasi4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student of Agronomy (Crop Physiology), Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy Science, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The consequence of climate change in the natural habitats of arid and semi-arid regions is the reduction of species diversity which highlights the necessity of domestication and cultivation of wild species in agricultural systems. The medicinal plant caper (Capparis spinosa L.) is one of the valuable native plants in the natural arena that can be cultivated by recognizing patterns and stages of its growth in natural habitats and copying it .For this purpose, in order to study the ecological needs, phenological stages and growth habits of the valuable medicinal plant caper, the natural habitat of this plant in Mazdavand section of Sarakhs was selected and studies were conducted during 2016. The time interval for each phenological stage was calculated based on the number of days and growth degree day. Growth characteristics (canopy area, large and small canopy diameter and number of branches) were measured and the trend of changes was compared with sigmoid, quadratic, power and linear models. The results of ecological study showed that the habitat studied was affected by drought most of the year. Also, soil analysis showed that soil texture was silty loam, and soil acidity was in the alkaline range, and high amounts of EC at different soil depths also indicated high levels of salts in the soil. The habitat soil was poor in terms of macroelements (N, P and K) and organic carbon, and the amount of these elements were much lower than the optimum level in agricultural soils. Results showed that caper needs 211 days and 2745.3 degree days to complete its growth stages. Investigating the trend of growth changes in the habitat showed that the plant had a relatively high growth rate for canopy expansion in the first three months and after that growth rate decreased over time. Its growth pattern was best predicted by the sigmoid model. According to the results of the study on the growth habits of caper in the natural habitat and considering how it is spread on the land surface and its perennial life, it is recommended that the planting arrangement for caper in agricultural systems be designed so that the plants have enough space for canopy expansion. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Domestication, growth degree day, phenology, medicinal plant, modeling | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Agah, F., 2019. Evaluation of agro-ecophysiological traits in caper (Capparis spinosa L.) Sarakhs ecotype under moisture changes. Thesis Submitted for Ph.D. in Agronomy-Crop Physiology. Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Faculty of Crop Science. - Anwar, M.R., Liu, D.L., Farquharson, R., Macadam, I., Abadi, A., Finlayson, J., Wang, B. and Ramilan, T. 2015. Climate change impacts on phenology and yields of five broadacre crops at four climatologically distinct locations in Australia. Agricultural Systems, 132: 133-144. - Bhoyar, M.S., Mishra, G.P., Niak, P.K. and Srivastava, R.B., 2011. Estimation of antioxidant activity and total phenolics among natural populations of Caper (Capparis spinosa) leaves collected from cold arid desert of trans-Himalayas. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 5(7): 912-919. - Fakhri, M., Bakhshi Khani, Gh. and Sadeghi, S.M., 2008. A survey on ecological character of Capparis spinosa L. Bushehr province. Pajouhash & Sazandegi, 80: 169-175. - Gan, L., Zhang, C., Yin, Y., Lin, Z., Huang, Y., Xiang, J., Fu, C. and Li, M., 2013. Anatomical adaptations of the xerophilous medicinal plant, Capparis spinosa, to drought conditions. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology,54(2): 156-161. - Hasanvand, H., Siadati, S.A., Bakhshandeh, A., Moradi Telavat, M.R. and Poshtdar, A., 2018. Assessment of required growing degree days phenologic stages and growth of Borage in different sowing and densities. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 16(2): 511-523. - Haukka, A.K., Dreyer, L.L. and Esler, K.J., 2013. Effect of soil type and climatic conditions on the growth and flowering phenology of three Oxalis species in the Western Cape, South Africa. South African Journal of Botany, 88: 152-163. - Jami Al-Ahmadi, M., Ramezani-Gask, M. and. Behbahani, N., 2008. Recommendation of caper (Capparis spinosa L.) as a new promise crop for lowinput agroecosystems. Procceding of the 2nd national conference on Iranian Agroecology, Gorgan, Iran, 17-18 October. - Javadzadeh, M., Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Banayan-Aval, M. and Asili, J., 2018. Assessment of required growing degree days for phenological stages of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) based on BBCH-Scale in different cropping systems. Journal of Agronomy, 10(2): 368-385. - Jiang, H.E., Li, X., Ferguson, D.K., Wang, Y.F., Liu, C.J. and Li, C.S., 2007. The discovery of Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) in the Yanghai Tombs (2800 years b.p.), NW China, and its medicinal implications. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 113(3): 409-420. - Karimian, Z., Tehranifar, A., Banayan, M., Azizi, M. and Kazemi, F., 2014. Predicting growth rate of different dimensions of Melia azedarach and Morus alba in urban landscape. Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 4(14): 99-108. - Keneshloo, H., Damizadeh, G.R. and Achak, M.Y., 2014. Determination of growth degree days (GDD) for different phonological stages of Kalir (Capparis decidua (Forssk.) Edgew).) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest, 6(2): 141-153. - Khoshhal, J., Rahimi, D. and Majd, M., 2014. Analyzing the phonological growth stages and required temperature rate of Gole Mohammadi. Geography and Environmental Planning Journal, 52(4): 43-50. - Koocheki, A., Nassiri Mahalllati, M. and Nadjafi, F., 2003. The agro biodiversity of medicinal and aromatic plants in Iran. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 2(2): 208-216. - Lansky, E.P., Paavilainen, H.M. and Lansky, Sh., 2014. Caper: The Genus Capparis. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 345p. - Legua, P., Martinez, J.J., Melgarejo, P., Martinez, R. and Hernandez, F., 2013. Phenological growth stages of caper plant (Capparis spinosa L.) according to the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and chemical scale. Annals of Applied Biology, 163: 135-141. - Mahdizadeh, M., Golkarian, A. and Naseri, K.L., 2016. The effects of soil properties on the growth of Atriplex canescens (Case study: desertification design of Omrani Gharbi of Gonabad city and Chah Goji of Mah’velat city). Desert Ecosystem Engineering Journal, 4(8): 67-76. - Matsuyama, K., Villareal, M.O., El Omri, A., Han, J., Kchouk, M.E. and Isoda, H., 2009. Effect of Tunisian Capparis spinosa L. extract on melanogenesis in B16 murine melanoma cells. Journal of Natural Medicines, 63(4): 468-472. - McMaster, G. and Wilhelm, W.W., 1997. Growing degree-days: one equation, two interpretations. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 87(4): 291-300. - Mirhaji, T., Sanadgol, A.A., Ghasemi, M.H. and Nouri, S., 2010. Application of growth degree-days in determining phenological stages of four grass species in Homand Absard Research Station. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Reseach, 17(3): 362-376. - Munger, P., Bleiholder, Hack, H., Hess, M., Stauss, R., van den Boom, T. and Weber, E., 1998. Phenological growth stages of the Cotton plant (Gossypium hirsutum L.): codification and description according to the BBCH scale. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 180: 143-149. - Nabavi, S.F., Maggi, F., Daglia, M., Habtemariam, S., Rastrelli, L. and Nabavi, S.M., 2016. Pharmacological Effects of Capparis spinosa L. Phytotherapy Research, 30(11): 1733-1744. - Noedoost, F., Dehdari, S., Razmjoei, D., Ahmadpour, R. and Shoukat, P., 2018. Autecology of Ferula stenocarpa Boiss. & Hausskn. in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Nova Biologica Reperta, 4(4): - Nosrati, F., Fakhri, B., Solouki, M., Mahdi Nezhad, N. and Valizadeh, M., 2018. Autecology of Astragalus fasciculifolius Boiss. in some natural habitats of south Sistan and Baluchestan province. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 34(4): 662-671. - Pasandi Pour, A., Farahbakhsh, H. and Moradi, R., 2018. Assessing effect of climatic-management factors on yield and growth characteristics of henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) as a medicinal-industrial plant in Kerman province. Journal of Agroecology, 10(1): 203-217. - Peper, P.J., McPherson, E.G. and Mori, S.M., 2001a. Equations for predicting diameter, height, crown width, and leaf area of San Joaquin Valley street trees. Journal of Arboriculture, 27(6): 306-317. - Peper, P.J., McPherson, E.G. and Mori, S.M., 2001b. Predictive equations for dimensions and leaf area of coastal southern California street trees. Journal of Arboriculture, 27(4): 169-180. - Rad, M.H., Korori, S.A.A. and Matinizadeh, M., 2006. Comparison between natural and cultivated forests of Haloxylon sp. with respect to same ecological factors. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 14(1): 29-38. - Rawal, D.S., Kasel, S., Keatley, M.R. and Nitschke, C.R., 2015. Climatic and photoperiodic effects on flowering phenology of selecteucalypts from south-eastern Australia. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 214-215: 231-242. - Ritche, J.T. and Nesmith, D.S., 1991. Temperature and crop development: 5-29. In: Hanks, J. and Ritche, J.T., (Eds.). Modeling Plant and Soil Systems. Agronomy, No. 31. Madison. WI: American Society of Agronomy, 545p. - Sozzi, G.O., 2001. Caper Bush: Botany and horticulture: 125-188. Janick, J., (Ed.). Horticulture Reviews (Volume 27). Wiley & Sons Inc, 381p. - Valizadeh, M., Bagheri, A., Valizadeh, J., Mirjalili, M.H. and Moshtaghi, N. 2015. Autecology of Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal. in Sistan and Baluchestan province. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 31(1): 127-137. - Vogel, H., Penailillo, P., Doll, U., Contreras, G., Catenacci, G. and Gonzalez, B., 2014. Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis): Morpho-phenological characterization to design high-yielding cultivation techniques. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 1(4): 123-133. - Zarezadeh, A., Madah Arefi, H., Sharifi Ashoorabadi, E., Mirhosseini, A. and Arabzadeh, M.R., 2015. Phenology and compatibility of different Thymus species under agricultural conditions. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 31(3): 539-553. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 835 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 790 |
||