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تأثیر پتاسیم و براسینواسترویید بر برخی ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک و اسانس گیاه دارویی سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) در رژیم‌های متفاوت فراهمی آب | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 36، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 99، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1399، صفحه 40-58 اصل مقاله (456.09 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2020.125092.2490 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم اویسی عمران1؛ محسن زواره* 2؛ فاطمه سفیدکن3؛ بهلول عباس‌زاده4؛ سمانه اسدی صنم4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، بخش تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.36.40.99.1.1578.1576 این پژوهش با هدف بررسی اثر کاربرد خاکی کود پتاسیم و محلول‌پاشی براسینواسترویید بر ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک و اسانس گیاه دارویی سرخارگل (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) در پاسخ به فراهمی آب انجام شد. تیمارها شامل سه مقدار فراهمی آب (آبیاری در سطح 90% ظرفیت زراعی (شاهد)، آبیاری در سطح 60% رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی و آبیاری در سطح 30% رطوبت ظرفیت زراعی) در کرت‌های اصلی و چهار مقدار کود پتاسیم (بدون کاربرد پتاسیم (شاهد)، 50، 100 و 150 کیلوگرم K2O در هکتار) و محلول‌پاشی سه غلظت براسینواسترویید (محلول‌پاشی آب خالص (شاهد) و محلول‌پاشی با غلظت‌های 0.1 و 1 میکرومولار) در کرت‌های فرعی بودند. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که بیشترین میانگین ارتفاع بوته (67.8 سانتی‌متر)، تعداد برگ در بوته (151)، تعداد گل در بوته (1/18)، وزن خشک گل (9/151 گرم در بوته) و وزن خشک اندام هوایی (508.6 گرم در بوته) در سال دوم، تیمار آبی شاهد و 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم حاصل شد. بیشترین درصد اسانس (76) در تیمار آبی 60% ظرفیت زراعی و 150 کیلوگرم پتاسیم در هکتار و 1 میکرومولار براسینواسترویید بدست آمد. حداکثر عملکرد اسانس با مقدار 0.67 گرم در بوته مربوط به تیمار 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم و 1 میکرومولار در سال دوم بود. در کل، یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان داد که رژیم آبی 60% ظرفیت زراعی همراه با 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار پتاسیم و غلظت 1 میکرومولار براسینواسترویید می‌تواند سبب کاهش اثرهای تنش و افزایش عملکرد اسانس و بهبود برخی از ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیک گیاه سرخارگل شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اکیناسه (Echinacea)؛ تنش خشکی؛ عملکرد گل؛ کاربرد خاکی؛ محلول‌پاشی هورمون | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of potassium and brassinosteroid on some morphophysiological characteristics and essential oil yield of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench under different regimens of water availability Availability | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Oveysi Omran1؛ M. Zavareh2؛ F. Sefidkon3؛ B. Abaszadeh4؛ S. Asadi-Sanam4 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 3Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of soil application of potassium fertilizer and foliar application of brasinosteroid on morphophysiological characteristics and essential oil yield of medicinal plant purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench) in response to water availability. Treatments consisted of three levels of water availability (irrigation at 90% (control), 60%, and 30% of field capacity (FC)) in main plots and four amounts of potassium fertilizer (no potassium application (control), 50, 100, and 150 kg K2O ha-1) as well as the foliar application of three brassinosteroid concentrations (distilled water (control), 0.1, and 1 μM) in subplots. Results showed that the highest mean plant height (67.8 cm), number of leaves plant-1(151), number of flowers plant-1 (18.1), flower dry weight (151.9 g plant-1) and aerial parts dry weight (508.6 g plant-1) were obtained in the second year of the experiment under 150 kg ha-1 potassium and normal irrigation treatments. The highest percentage of essential oil (76) was obtained under irrigation at 60% of FC, 150 kg ha-1 potassium, and 1 µM brassinosteroid treatments. In the second year, the maximum amount of essential oil plant-1 (0.67 g) was related to 150 kg ha-1 potassium and 1 μm brassinosteroid treatments. In general, the results of this study showed that irrigation at 60% of FC together with 150 kg ha-1 potassium and 1 μM of brassinosteroid could reduce the effects of drought stress, increase the amount of essential oil plant-1 and improve some morphophysiological characteristics in purple coneflower. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Echinacea, drought stress, flower yield, soil application, PGR | ||
| مراجع | ||
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