| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,037 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,984 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,778,334 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,192,254 |
اثر وسعت و منشأ روشنههای پوشش تاجی بر ترکیب پوشش گیاهی و بانک بذر خاک در توده‌‌های آمیخته و خالص راش (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 28، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 79، خرداد 1399، صفحه 44-60 اصل مقاله (647.55 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2020.341790.1903 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شیرزاد گرایلی1؛ مهدی حیدری* 2؛ جواد میرزایی2؛ وحید اعتماد3؛ مهرداد زرافشار4 | ||
| 1دانش‌آموخته دکتری علوم جنگل، گروه علوم جنگل، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه علوم جنگل، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه جنگل‌داری و اقتصاد جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شیراز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| برای مشخص شدن اثر روشنههای پوشش تاجی بر ترکیب پوشش گیاهی روزمینی و بانک بذر خاک در توده‌‌های آمیخته و خالص راش (Fagus orientalis Lipsky)، روشنههای طبیعی و مصنوعی با مساحت‌‌های مختلف در طرح جنگل‌داری حاجیکلا- تیرانکلی ساری بررسی شدند. روشنه‌‌ها در سه طبقه مساحت شامل روشنههای کوچک (کمتر از 150 متر مربع)، متوسط (بین 150 تا 350 متر مربع) و بزرگ (350 تا 500 متر مربع) طبقه‌بندی شدند. گروه‌‌بندی پوشش گیاهی روزمینی در رابطه با این روشنه‌‌ها با تحلیل تطبیقی قوس‌گیری‌‌شده (DCA) انجام شد. همچنین، تشابه ترکیب گیاهی پوشش روزمینی با عمق‌های اول و دوم بانک بذر خاک ازطریق تشابه جاکارد بررسی شد. براساس نتایج، 71 گونه گیاهی در منطقه مورد مطالعه حضور داشتند که 26 گونه آن فقط در پوشش روزمینی، 24 گونه فقط در بانک بذر خاک و 21 گونه به‌‌صورت مشترک در پوشش روزمینی و بانک بذر خاک مشاهده شدند. گونه‌های Carex sylvatica Huds.، Carex riparia Curtis،Rubus hyrcanus Juz. وHypericum androsaemum L. گونههایی بودند که در بیشتر موقعیت‌‌های مورد مطالعه، بیشترین حضور را در بانک بذر خاک داشتند. ترکیب گیاهی پوشش روزمینی روشنه‌‌ها با ترکیب بانک بذر خاک متفاوت بود. ضریب تشابه جاکارد نشان داد که تشابه ترکیب گیاهی بانک بذر خاک با پوشش روزمینی متناظر در روشنههای متوسط و کوچک و قطعه‌نمونه‌های شاهد در هر دو توده راش خالص و آمیخته، کمتر از روشنههای بزرگ بود. همچنین، تشابه بیشتری بین بانک بذر خاک و پوشش روزمینی در عمق اول خاک (صفر تا پنج سانتی‌‌متر) نسبت به عمق دوم خاک (پنج تا 10 سانتی‌‌متر) مشاهده شد. این تفاوت‌‌ها به‌ویژه با توجه به تغییر تشابه بانک بذر و پوشش گیاهی با تغییر اندازه روشنه بیانگر لزوم توجه به برنامه‌‌‌‌های مدیریتی و احیایی متناسب با هریک از خردزیستگاه‌‌‌های حاصل از روشنه است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پوشش روزمینی؛ تحلیل تطبیقی قوس‌گیری‌‌شده؛ ترکیب گیاهی؛ تشابه جاکارد؛ عمق خاک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of size and origin of canopy gaps on plant composition and soil seed bank in the mixed and pure beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) stands | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Shirzad Geraili1؛ Mehdi Heidari2؛ Javad Mirzaei2؛ vahid etemad3؛ Mehrdad Zarafshar4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Graduated, Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Prof., Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Prof, Department of Forestry and Forest Economics, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 4Assistant Prof, Research Division of Natural Resources, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To study the effect of canopy gaps on aboveground plant composition and permanent soil seed bank in mixed and pure stands of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis lipsky), artificial and natural canopy gaps with different sizes considered at the Hajikola-Tirankli forest plan, Sari. All canopy gaps were grouped in different classes including small (less than 150 m2), medium (150-350 m2), and large (350-500 m2) sizes. The variation of aboveground vegetation composition in response to the gap characteristics was surveyed by Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), and similarity of the aboveground vegetation with soil seed bank in the two depths was compared using the Jaccard similarity index. In total, 71 plant species were identified in the region, from which 26 belonged to above ground, 24 species to soil seed banks and 21 species were similar for both sections. Species such as Carex sylvatica Huds. Carex riparia Curtis, Rubus hyrcanus Juz. and Hypericum androsaemum L. were dominant in the soil seed bank. In addition, results showed that plant composition in vegetation differed with a soil seed bank. The Jaccard similarity index indicated that the similarity rate of aboveground vegetation and the corresponding seed banks under large gaps was higher than those of small/medium gaps and control plots. Moreover, the similarity rate between soil seed bank in the upper layer (0-5 cm) with above-ground vegetation composition was higher compared with the deeper layer (5-10 cm). These differences, especially with regard to the variation of similarity between the soil seed bank and vegetation across a range of gap sizes calls for increased attention to management and rehabilitation measures that are appropriate for each of the microhabitats created by the canopy gaps. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aboveground vegetation, Jaccard index, plant composition, seed | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Amanzadeh, B., Pourmajidian, M.R., Sagheb-Talebi, Kh. and Hojjati, S.M., 2015. Impact of canopy gap size on plant species diversity and composition in mixed stands (case study: reserve area, district no. 3 Asalem forests). Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 68(2): 287-301 (In Persian). - Asadi, H., Hosseini, S.M. and Esmailzadeh, O., 2012. Persistent soil seed bank in Khybus protected area. Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 65(2): 131-145 (In Persian). - Esmailzadeh, O., Hosseini, S.M. and Tabari, M., 2011. Relationship between soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation of a mixed-deciduous temperate forest in northern Iran. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 13(3): 411-424. - Esmailzadeh, O., Hosseini, S.M., Mesdaghi, M., Tabari, M. and Mohammadi, J., 2010. Persistent soil seed bank study of Darkola oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) Forest. Journal of Forest and Wood Products, 63(2): 117-135 (In Persian). - Fenner, M.W., 2012. Seed Ecology. Springer, Dordrecht, 151p. - Geraili, Sh., 2018. Effects of gap size on seed germination of forest trees, saplings silvicultural, characteristics and permanent seed banks in natural and artificial gaps of Fagetum and mixed stands. Ph.D. thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, 195 pp (In Persian). - Geraili, Sh., Mirzaei, J., Heydari, M., Zarafshar, M. and Etemad, V., 2018a. Effect of disturbance intensity of canopy gap in forest stands on seed germination of beech (Fagus orientalis) and hornabeam (Carpinus betulus) trees at Hyrcanian forest. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 7(2): 219-236 (In Persian). - Geraili, Sh., Mirzaei, J., Heydari, M., Zarafshar, M. and Etemad, V., 2018b. Effects of gap canopy size on seed germination of Acer velutinum and Diospyrus lotus as pioneer species. Journal of Plant Ecosystem Conservation, 5(11): 216-205 (In Persian). - Godefroid, S., Phartyal, S.S. and Koedam, N., 2006. Depth distribution and composition of seed banks under different tree layers in a managed temperate forest ecosystem. Acta Oecologica, 29(3): 283-292. - Guo, Y., Zhao, P. and Yue, M., 2019. Canopy disturbance and gap partitioning promote the persistence of a pioneer tree population in a near-climax temperate forest of the Qinling Mountains, China. Ecology and Evolution, 9(13): 7676-7687. - Harper, J.L., 1977. Population Biology of Plants. Academic Press, London, 892p. - Heydari, M. and Faramarzi, M., 2014. The short term effects of fire severity on composition and diversity of soil seed bank in Zagros forest ecosystem, Servan county. Iranian Journal of Applied Ecology, 3(9): 57-69 (In Persian). - Heydari, M., Omidipour, R., Abedi, M. and Baskin, C., 2017. Effects of fire disturbance on alpha and beta diversity and on beta diversity components of soil seed banks and aboveground vegetation. Plant Ecology and Evolution, 150(3): 247-256. - Heydari, M., Pourbabaei, H., Esmaelzade, O., Pothier, D. and Salehi, A., 2013. Germination characteristics and diversity of soil seed banks and above-ground vegetation in disturbed and undisturbed oak forests. Forest Science and Practice, 15(4): 286-301. - Kathke, S. and Bruelheide, H., 2010. Gap dynamics in a near-natural spruce forest at Mt. Brocken, Germany. Forest Ecology and management, 259(3): 624-632. - Kelemen, K., Mihók, B., Gálhidy, L. and Standovár, T., 2012. Dynamic response of herbaceous vegetation to gap opening in a Central European beech stand. Silva Fennica, 46(1): 53-65. - Looney, P.B. and Gibson, D.J., 1995. The relationship between the soil seed bank and above-ground vegetation of a coastal barrier island. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6(6): 825-836. - Lu, D., Zhu, J., Sun, Y., Hu, L. and Zhang, G., 2015. Gap closure process by lateral extension growth of canopy trees and its effect on woody species regeneration in a temperate secondary forest, Northeast China. Silva Fennica, 49(5), p.1310. - Ma, M., Zhou, X., Wang, G., Ma, Z. and Du, G., 2010. Seasonal dynamics in alpine meadow seed banks along an altitudinal gradient on the Tibetan Plateau. Plant and Soil, 336(1-2): 291-302. - McCarthy, J., 2001. Gap dynamics of forest trees: A review with particular attention to boreal forests. Environmental Reviews, 9(1): 1-59. - McNab, W.H., Browning, S.A., Simon, S.A. and Fouts, P.E., 1999. An unconventional approach to ecosystem unit classification in western North Carolina, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 114 (2-3): 405-420. - Omand, K.A., Karberg, J.M., Beattie, K.C., O’Dell, D.I. and Freeman, R.S. 2014. Soil seed bank in Nantucket's early successional communities: implications for management. Natural Areas Journal, 34(2): 188-199. - Sabo, A.E., Forrester, J.A., Burton, J.I., Jones, P.D., Mladenoff, D.J. and Kruger, E.L., 2019. Ungulate exclusion accentuates increases in woody species richness and abundance with canopy gap creation in a temperate hardwood forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 433: 386-395. - Sefidi, K., Marvi Mohajer, M.R., Etemad, V. and Mozandel, R., 2014. Canopy gaps properties effect on regeneration of oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) in the mixed beech stands. Journal of Natural Ecosystems of Iran, 5(2): 25-40 (In Persian). - Skowronek, S., Terwei, A., Zerbe, S., Mölder, I., Annighöfer, P., Kawaletz, H., Ammer, C. and Heilmeier, H., 2014. Regeneration potential of floodplain forests under the influence of nonnative tree species: soil seed bank analysis in Northern Italy. Restoration Ecology, 22(1): 22-30. - Sprengelmeyer, E.E. and Rebertus, A.J., 2015. Seed bank dynamics in relation to disturbance and landscape for an ant-dispersed species. Plant Ecology, 216(3): 371-381. - Van Ulft, L.H., 2004. The effect of seed mass and gap size on seed fate of tropical rain forest tree species in Guyana. Plant Biology, 6(2): 214-221. - Vandvik, V., Klanderud, K., Meineri, E., Måren, I.E. and Töpper, J. 2016. Seed banks are biodiversity reservoirs: species–area relationships above versus below ground. Oikos, 125(2): 218-228. - Vilhar, U., Roženbergar, D., Simončič, P. and Diaci, J., 2015. Variation in irradiance, soil features and regeneration patterns in experimental forest canopy gaps. Annals of Forest Science, 72(2): 253-266. - Xu, J.X., Xue, L. and Su, Z.Y., 2016. Impacts of forest gaps on soil properties after a severe ice storm in a Cunninghamia lanceolata stand. Pedosphere, 26(3): 408-416. - Yan, Q., Zhu, J., Zhang, J., Yu, L. and Hu, Z., 2010. Spatial distribution pattern of soil seed bank in canopy gaps of various sizes in temperate secondary forests, Northeast China. Plant and Soil, 329(1-2): 469-480. - Zhou, Q., Li, F., Cai, X.A., Rao, X., Zhou, L., Liu, Z., Lin, Y. and Fu, S., 2019. Survivorship of plant species from soil seedbank after translocation from subtropical natural forests to plantation forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 432: 741-747. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 479 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 317 |
||