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نقش حمایت دانشگاهی در شکلگیری قصد کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کارشناسی کشاورزی: مقایسه دو دانشگاه بوعلیسینا همدان و سمنگان افغانستان | ||
| پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 11، شماره 51، اسفند 1398، صفحه 108-125 اصل مقاله (964.21 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaear.2020.341247.1679 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید کریمی* 1؛ فاطمه سپهوند2؛ احمد سلمان مکریت3 | ||
| 1استادیارگروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلیسینا. | ||
| 3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد نوآوری و کارآفرینی کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلیسینا. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| برای درک بهتر قصد و رفتار کارآفرینانه، عوامل محیطی باید مد نظر قرار گیرند؛ اما در ادبیات تحقیق تاثیر این عوامل بر رفتار فردی کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این پژوهش، بر پایهی نظریهی رفتار برنامهریزی شده، رابطه حمایت دانشگاهی با قصد کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی در دو کشور همسایه و فارسی زبان ایران و افغانستان بررسی شد. جامعه مورد مطالعه شامل 1250 دانشجوی کارشناسی کشاورزی در دانشگاه بوعلی سینا (650 تن) و دانشگاه سمنگان افغانستان (600 تن) بود که با استفاده از جدول بارتلت و روش نمونهگیری تصادفی طبقهای با انتساب متناسب، 452 تن از آنها (231 نفر از دانشگاه بوعلی سینا در ایران و 221 نفر از دانشگاه سمنگان در افغانستان) برگزیده شدند و دادههای مطالعه با استفاده از پرسشنامه استاندارد شده از آنها گردآوری شد. روایی شکلی پرسشنامه با نظر اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا تأیید شد. پایایی ابزار پژوهش نیز با استفاده از محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ برای مقیاسهای اصلی پرسشنامه (در دامنه بین 81/0تا 92/0) ارزیابی و تایید شد. دادههای پژوهش با استفاده از مدلیابی معادلههای ساختاری و روش حداقل مربع جزیی تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که حمایت دانشگاهی رابطه مثبت و معنیداری با نگرش و کنترل رفتار درک شده دارد و از سوی دیگر، نگرش و کنترل رفتار درک شده هر دو به طور مثبتی بر قصد کارآفرینانه تاثیر دارند. نتایج این مطالعه به درک تاثیر حمایت دانشگاهی بر قصد کارآفرینانه و پیشآیندهای آن در دو کشور فارسی زبان و در حال توسعه کمک میکند. نتایج همچنین نشان میدهند که اهمیت نسبی عوامل انگیزشی (یعنی نگرش، هنجارهای ذهنی و کنترل رفتاری درک شده) و پیشایند آنها (یعنی حمایت دانشگاهی) در دو کشور بسیار شبیه هستند و از کاربرد موفق نظریه رفتار برنامهریزی شده در پیش بینی قصد کارآفرینانه در کشورهای غیرغربی حمایت میکنند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| قصد کارآفرینانه؛ نظریه رفتار برنامهریزی شده؛ حمایت دانشگاهی درک شده؛ دانشجویان کشاورزی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Role of Perceived University Support in the Formation of Undergraduate Agriculture Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: Comparing Bu-Ali Sina and Samangan Universities | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| saeed Karimi1؛ FAtemeh Sepahvand2؛ Ahmad Salman Makreet3 | ||
| 1Assistance professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. | ||
| 2PhD Student of Agricultural development, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. | ||
| 3Master Student of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to understand better entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors, we need to consider environmental factors, however, less attention has been paid to the effect of these factors on the individual behavior in the literature. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived university support and students’ entrepreneurial intentions in tow Persian-speaking countries namely Iran and Afghanistan. The study's population included 1250 undergraduate agriculture students at Bu-Ali Sina University (N=650) and Samangan University in Afghanistan (N=600) in 2019 academic year, which 452 of them were selected using Bartlet’s table and proportional stratified random sampling. Study data were collected through a standardized questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire was approved based on the opinions of faculty members at Bu-Ali Sina University. The reliability of the research instrument was determined using Cronbach's alpha coefficients (in the range of 0.81 to 0.92). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and the partial least square (PLS) method. The results indicate that along with positive attitude and perceived behavioral control that are directly related to entrepreneurial intentions, university support also has an indirect but significant impact on shaping of entrepreneurial intention among students. The relative importance of the motivational factors (attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control) and its antecedent (university support) appears to be broadly similar in the two countries and add support to the applicability of the TPB model in predicting entrepreneurial intentions in non-western countries. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Entrepreneurial Intentions, Theory of Planned Behavior, Perceived University Support, Agriculture students | ||
| مراجع | ||
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