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تاثیرسطوح مختلف آبیاری بر عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب گیاه شن‌دوست دیودال (Ammodendron persicum) در مراحل اولیه استقرار | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 13، دوره 27، شماره 2، شهریور 1399، صفحه 334-346 اصل مقاله (922.33 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2020.123411.1775 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی خنامانی1؛ اصغر مصلح آرانی* 2؛ حمیدرضا عظیم زاده2؛ محمد هادی راد3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری بیابان‌زدایی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویر شناسی، دانشگاه یزد | ||
| 2عضو هیات علمی گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد | ||
| 3استادیار پژوهشی بخش تحقیقات جنگل و مرتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تنوع بخشیدن به گونه‌های مورد استفاده در تثبیت شن و بیابان‌زدایی می‌تواند به پایداری این اکوسیستم‌ها کمک نماید. اغلب گونه‌های مورد استفاده در تثبیت شن، نیاز به حمایت‌های اولیه داشته تا به مرور به شرایط جدید، سازگار شوند. از مهمترین این حمایت‌ها، آبیاری در سال‌های اولیه کاشت است. در این تحقیق، عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب گیاه شن دوست دیودال (Ammodendron persicum) در شرایط لایسیمتری تحت تأثیر سطوح مختلف آبیاری، مورد توجه قرار گرفت. سطوح مختلف آبیاری شامل آبیاری در حد ظرفیت زراعی (شاهد)، 75، 50 و 25 درصد کم آبیاری بود که در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی و در چهار تکرار اعمال گردید. میزان تبخیر و تعرق در تیمارهای شاهد، 75، 50 و 25 درصد کم آبیاری به ترتیب 60، 47، 37 و26 لیتر بود. با محاسبه کارایی مصرف آب بر اساس میزان ماده خشک تولیدی به ازای هر لیتر آب تعرق یافته مشخص گردید که بین تیمارهای مختلف اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود دارد. بالاترین کارایی مصرف آب با 07/2 گرم ماده خشک به ازای هر لیتر تعرق مربوط به تیمار 50 درصد کم آبیاری بود. با کاهش میزان مصرف آب، نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی افزایش یافت، بگونه‌ای که در تیمارهای مختلف اختلاف معنی‌داری را نشان داد. نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی در شاهد برابر با 84/0 و در تیمار 75 درصد کم آبیاری برابر با 51/1 بود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که گیاه دیودال، در مراحل اولیه استقرار به دلیل سرعت رشد پایین، از نیاز آبی کم برخوردار و با سازوکارهای متنوعی از جمله توسعه ریشه، کارایی مصرف آب خود را بهبود می‌بخشد. به دلیل رشد کم، اتلاف آب از طریق تبخیر در مراحل اولیه استقرار زیاد بوده و جهت بهبود راندمان آبیاری، روش‌های مناسب کاهش تبخیر و حفظ رطوبت خاک، توصیه می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنش خشکی؛ لایسیمتر؛ اندام هوایی؛ ریشه؛ نسبت اندام هوایی به ریشه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Different Irrigation Levels on Performance and Water Consumption Efficiency of Ammodendron Persicum in early stages of plantingAbstract | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Khanamani1؛ Asghar Mosleh Arani2؛ Hamid Reza Azimzadeh2؛ Mohammad Hadi Rad3 | ||
| 1Ph.D Student in Combat Desertification, Fculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Iran | ||
| 2Yazdprofessor, Natural Resources Department, Faculty Natural Resources, University of Yazd, Yazd | ||
| 3Assistant professor, Research Division of forest and rangland, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resource Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yazd, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Diversification of used species in sand stabilization and desertification can help sustain these ecosystems. Most species used in sand stabilization require initial support to adapt to new conditions over time. One of the most important of these supports is irrigation in the early years of planting. In this study, the yield and water use efficiency of (Ammodendron persicum) in lysimetric conditions under the influence of different levels of irrigation were considered. Different irrigation levels consisted of 75, 50, and 25 percent irrigation and field capacity (control), applied in a completely randomized design with four replications. Evapotranspiration rates in control, 75, 50, and 25% under-irrigation treatments were 60, 47, 37, and 26 liters, respectively. By calculating water use efficiency based on the amount of dry matter produced per liter of transpiration water, it was found that there was a significant difference between different treatments. The highest water use efficiency with 2.07 g of dry matter for per liter of transpiration was related to 50% irrigation treatment. As the water consumption decreased, the root to aerial part ratio increased, so that it showed a significant difference in different treatments. The root to aerial part ratio in the control was 0.84 and in the 75% under-irrigation treatment was 1.51. The results of this study showed that Ammodendron persicum in the early stages of establishment due to low growth rate had low water requirements and improved its water use efficiency through various mechanisms such as root development. Due to the low growth, water loss through evaporation in early stages of establishment was high, and to improve irrigation efficiency, appropriate methods to reduce evaporation and maintain soil moisture are recommended. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Drought stress, Lysimeter, Aerial part, Root, stem root ratio | ||
| مراجع | ||
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