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شناسایی مناطق مناسب احداث سامانههای استحصال آب باران با استفاده روش MCA-HM در محیط سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (مطالعه موردی: زیست بوم عشایری آب بهاره در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد) | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 15، دوره 27، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 80، مهر 1399، صفحه 596-616 اصل مقاله (1.43 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2020.342900.1968 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محسن آرمین* 1؛ افسانه خیری2؛ ,وجیهه قربان نیا خیبری3 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیای طبیعی، ژئومورفولوژی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استحصال آب باران یک تکنیک مدیریتی با نتایج مثبت متعدد است که برای تأمین آب مورد نیاز دام در مراتع مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در این پژوهش مناطق مناسب برای احداث سامانههای استحصال آب باران با استفاده از تجزیه‌وتحلیل چند معیاره (MCE) و مدل هیدرولوژیکی (HM) در محیط سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS) در زیست‌بوم عشایری آب بهاره در حدفاصل شهرستانهای بهمئی و لنده واقع در استان کهگیلویه و بویراحمد شناسایی گردید. برای این منظور نقشه معیارهای مناسب برای شناسایی مناطق استحصال آب باران شامل شیب، جنس سنگ، کاربری اراضی و پوشش زمین، ارتفاع رواناب و تراکم زهکشی در محیط سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی تهیه شد. بعد از طبقهبندی نقشه شایستگی هر معیار، نقشههای طبقهبندی شده معیارها در محیط سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی رویهمگذاری گردید و مناطق مناسب برای استحصال آب باران شناسایی شد. نتایج نشان داد که از لحاظ هریک از پارامترهای انتخاب شده به‌جز شیب، حدود 30 تا 50 درصد منطقه آب بهاره شایستگی مناسبی برای احداث سامانههای استحصال آب باران دارد. به دلیل کوهستانی بودن منطقه، پارامتر شیب محدودیت اصلی برای احداث سامانههای استحصال آب باران است. بر اساس تجزیه‌وتحلیل ترکیبی همه معیارهای انتخاب شده، حدود 25 درصد از سامان عرفی آب بهاره شایستگی مناسبی برای احداث سامانههای استحصال آب باران به‌ویژه چالهها و حوضچهها، حوضههای رخنمونهای سنگی، آبخیزهای جادهای شکل و سدهای اصلاحی دارد که از این طریق میتوان آب مورد نیاز دام منطقه را در دوره خشکی بین بارندگیها تأمین کرد. با توجه به تعداد حدود 4000 رأس بز و گوسفند در 5 روستا در منطقه سامان عرفی آب بهاره، با فرض نیاز روزانه هر رأس دام به 4 لیتر آب و دوره خشکی 30 روزه بین بارندگیهای اصلی، مجموع مساحت آبگیر سامانه استحصال آب برای تأمین آب مورد نیاز دامها برای یک باران 25 میلیمتری، حدود 4/2 هکتار است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| ارزیابی چند معیاره؛ استحصال آب باران؛ زیست بوم عشایری آب بهاره؛ سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی؛ شناسایی؛ مدل هیدرولوژیکی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Identification of suitable sites for construction of rainwater harvesting systems using MCA-HM method in GIS environment (Case study: Ab Bahareh nomadic ecosystem in Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohsen Armin1؛ Afsaneh Khairi2؛ Vajihe Ghorbannia Kheybari3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Yasouj, Iran | ||
| 2Ph.D. Student of Natural Geography- geomorphology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Rainwater harvesting is a management technique with many positive results that can be used to supply the water needed by livestock in rangelands. In this study, suitable sites for the construction of rainwater harvesting systems using multi-criteria analysis (MCE) and hydrological model (HM) in the GIS environment were identified in the nomadic ecology of Ab Bahareh at the interval of Bahmaei and Lendeh counties in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province. For this purpose, appropriate criteria maps to identify sites of rainwater harvesting system including slope, rock type, land use and land cover, runoff depth, and drainage density were provided in the GIS environment. After classifying the suitability map of each criterion, the classified map of the criteria was overlaid into the geographic information system environment and the appropriate sites for the rainwater harvesting system were identified. The results showed that in terms of each of the selected parameters, except for the slope, about 30 to 50 percent of the Ab Bahareh area was very suitable for the construction of rainwater harvesting systems. Due to the mountainous nature of the region, the slope parameter is the main limitation for the construction of rainwater harvesting systems. Based on the combined analysis of all the criteria selected, about 25% of the nomadic ecosystem of Ab Bahareh is highly suitable for the construction of rainwater harvesting systems, especially pits and ponds, rock outcropping catchment, road catchment, and check dams that can be provided during the dry season between rains. In regard to the number of 4000 goats and sheep in 5 villages in the nomadic ecosystem of Ab Bahareh, assuming the daily requirement of each livestock to 4 liters of water and the dry period of 30 days between the main rains, the total catchment area for the 25 mm rainwater harvesting system to meet the needs of livestock in the region is about 2.4 hectares. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Geographical Information System, Hydrological Model, Locating, Multi Criteria Evaluation, Nomadic ecosystem of Ab Bahareh, Rain Water Harvesting | ||
| مراجع | ||
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