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تأثیر فنولوژی بر فعالیت و بیان ژن آنزیم‌های بیوسنتزی اسیدهای فنلی در Salvia leriifolia Benth. | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 36، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 103، آذر و دی 1399، صفحه 801-821 اصل مقاله (1.26 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2020.342283.2745 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نفیسه نعمت شاهی1؛ پروانه ابریشم چی* 2؛ طیبه رجبیان3؛ سیّدعلیرضا سلامی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.801.103.5.1578.46 مریم‌گلی با نام علمی Salvia leriifolia Benth. از گیاهان دارویی بومی ایران است که خواص دارویی آن به حضور ترکیب‌های فنلی، به‌ویژه اسیدهای فنلی نسبت داده شده است. این پژوهش، تأثیر سن (فنولوژی) را بر بیان ژن و فعالیت آنزیم‌های بیوسنتزی اسیدهای فنلی مورد بررسی قرار داد. بذرهای گیاه از شهرستان تربت‌حیدریه (خراسان رضوی) جمع‌آوری و در گلخانه کاشته شد. نمونه‌برداری از برگ‌ها، در مراحل 8، 16 و 24 برگی از دوره رشد انجام شد. محتوای فنل، فلاونوئید و اسید فنلی تام به روش اسپکتروفتومتری و پروفایل اسیدهای فنلی، با استفاده از کروماتوگرافی مایع با کارایی بالا (HPLC) تعیین شد. فعالیت فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز (PAL) و تیروزین آمینوترانسفراز (TAT) به روش اسپکتروفتومتری و رزمارینیک اسید سنتاز (RAS) با HPLC اندازه‌گیری شد. بیان نسبی ژنهای ذکرشده، با روش RT-PCR کمّی بررسی شد. نتایج حکایت از افزایش معنی‌دار (0.05≥p ) محتوای انواع ترکیب‌های فنلی و فعالیت آنزیم/ژنهای TAT و RAS همراه با افزایش سن داشت. در مرحله 24 برگی، مقدار کل فنل، فلاونوئید و اسید فنلی به‌ترتیب 3.47، 2.80 و 7.78 برابر مرحله 8 برگی بود. محتوای رزمارینیک اسید و کافئیک اسید (به‌ترتیب 0.69 و mg/g DW 0.36 در مرحله 8 برگی)، طی رشد رویشی به‌ترتیب 3.41 و 4.05 برابر شد. لیتوسپرمیک اسید و سالوینولیک اسیدها (mg/g DW 0.06-0.01 در مرحله 8 برگی)، سهم کمتری از کل اسیدهای فنلی را داشتند. مقدار آنها نیز با افزایش سن، بین 2 تا 10 برابر افزایش یافت. همچنین، یک همبستگی مثبت و قوی میان سن گیاه با تجمع اسیدهای فنلی و میان سن و فعالیت آنزیم/ژنهای TAT و RAS مشاهده شد. این امکان وجود دارد که آنزیم TAT (در مقایسه با PAL) نقش اصلی را در بیوسنتز RA داشته باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تیروزین آمینوترانسفراز؛ رزمارینیک اسید؛ رزمارینیک اسید سنتاز؛ رشد رویشی؛ فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز؛ مریم‌گلی (Salvia leriifolia Benth.) | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of phenology on the activity and gene expression of phenolic acid -biosynthetic enzymes in Salvia leriifolia Benth. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| N. Nematshahi1؛ P. Abrishamchi2؛ T. Radjabian3؛ S.A. Salami4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Salvia leriifolia Benth. is one of the native Iranian medicinal plants which has been received attention in recent years due to its numerous therapeutic properties. The pharmaceutical properties of this species have been attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds, especially phenolic acids. The present study investigated the effect of plant age (phenology) on the gene expression and activity of phenolic acid-biosynthetic enzymes. Plant seeds were collected from Torbat-e-Heydariyeh (Khorasan Razavi province, Iran) and planted under greenhouse conditions. Leaves were sampled at 8-, 16- and 24-leaf stages of the growth period. Total contents of phenols, flavonoids, and phenolic acids were measured using spectrophotometry, and the phenolic acid profile was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) were measured by spectrophotometry, and the activity of rosmarinic acid synthase (RAS) was evaluated by HPLC. The relative expression of the corresponding genes was quantified by RT-PCR. The results showed that the content of all phenolic compounds and the activities of TAT and RAS enzymes/genes increased significantly (p < /em>≤0.05) with increasing plant age. At the 24-leaf stage, the total content of phenols, flavonoids, and phenolic acids were 3.47-, 2.80-, and 7.78-fold of those measured at the 8-leaf stage, respectively. The concentration of rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid (0.69 and 0.36 mg/g DW at the 8-leaf stage, respectively) increased by 3.41- and 4.05-fold during the vegetative growth, respectively. Lithospermic acid and salvianolic acids had a smaller share of total phenolic acids (0.01-0.06 mg/g DW at the 8-leaf stage), and their contents increased 2- to 10-fold with increasing plant age. Also, a strong positive correlation was observed between plant age and phenolic acid accumulation and between plant age and the activity and gene expression of TAT and RAS. TAT enzyme might play the main role in the biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid compared to PAL. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Tyrosine aminotransferase, rosmarinic acid, rosmarinic acid synthase, vegetative growth, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, Salvia leriifolia Benth | ||
| مراجع | ||
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