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سهم‌بندی رسوب در کرتهای آزمایشگاهی با شبیه‌سازی باران | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 34، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 131، تیر 1400، صفحه 15-31 اصل مقاله (2.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2020.123819.1164 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالواحد خالدی درویشان* 1؛ سیدحمیدرضا صادقی2؛ مهدی همایی3؛ محمود عرب خدری4 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، مازندران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، مازندران، ایران | ||
| 3استاد گروه خاک شناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار پژوهشکده حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تولید رسوب در هر یک از مرحله‌های فرسایش و بازتوزیع آن در مقیاس‌های مختلف آبخیز، دامنه و حتا کرت متفاوت است. در دو دهه‌ی اخیر به تهیه‌کردن نمودارهای سهم رسوب در مقیاس آبخیز و دامنه توجه شده است. بررسی این ابزار در مقیاس کرت نیز ممکن است به شناخت بهتر فرآیند تولید، بازتوزیع و تحویل رسوب کمک کند. این پژوهش با هدف سهم‌بندی رسوب در کرتهای آزمایشگاهی با خاک شنی بافت متوسط و با شبیه‌سازی باران با شدتهای 30، 50، 70 و 90 میلیمتر در ساعت انجام شد. رسوب در سطح کرت‌ها با سنجش تغییر تراکم خاک‌دانه‌های رنگی مصنوعی با پردازش تصویر ردیابی شد. نتیجه نشان داد که این روش برای تهیه‌کردن نمودارهای سهم رسوب در مقیاس کرت سودمند است. با افزایش‌یافتن شدت بارندگی سهم فرسایش بین‌شیاری در تولید رسوب افزایش، و نسبت بازتوزیع رسوب در کرت کاهش یافت. متوسط نسبت تحویل رسوب برای شدتهای بارندگی 30، 50، 70 و 90 میلیمتر در ساعت به‌ترتیب 7/30، 8/54، 11/74 و 15/64% بود. تاکید می‌شود که به‌دلیل زمان کوتاه آزمایش، این نسبت در مقیاس کرت کوچک است و در پژوهش‌های آزمایشگاهی باید به آن توجه شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| خاک‌دانه‌های رنگی مصنوعی؛ فرسایش بین شیاری؛ فرسایش پاشمانی؛ نسبت تحویل رسوب؛ نمودار سهم رسوب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Sediment Budgeting in Laboratory Plots under Rainfall Simulation | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Abdulvahed Khaledi Darvishan1؛ Seyed Hamid Reza Sadeghi2؛ Mehdi Homaee3؛ Mahmood Arabkhedri4 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran | ||
| 3Professor, Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Institute (SCWMRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sediment production at each stage of erosion and its redistribution vary at different scales in a watershed, a slope and even a plot. The preparation of sediment budgets on watershed and slope scales have been considered in the two preceding decades, and a review of this tool on a plot scale can also help to better understand the process of sediment production, redistribution and delivery. The present study was conducted to budget sediments in laboratory plots with sandy-loamy soil and under rainfall simulation with the intensities of 30, 50, 70 and 90 mm h-1. Sediment tracing was performed on the surface of the plots by measuring the changes in the density of synthetic color-contrast aggregates using image processing. The results indicated the ability of this method to prepare sediment budgets on a plot scale. The contribution of interrill erosion in sediment production was increased with an increase in the rainfall intensity; however, the proportion of sediment redistribution within the plot was decreased. The average sediment delivery ratios for the rainfall intensities of 30, 50, 70 and 90 mm h-1 were 7.30, 8.54, 11.74 and 15.64%, respectively. The insignificance of this ratio on a plot scale was emphasized due to the short period of the experiment and should be considered in laboratory research projects. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Inter rill erosion, sediment budget, sediment delivery ratio, splash erosion, synthetic color-contrast aggregates | ||
| مراجع | ||
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