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تعیین بهترین تاریخ کاشت و برداشت ارقام منتخب چغندرقند در شرایط اقلیمی استان ایلام (کشت پاییزه) | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 36، شماره 1، فروردین 1399، صفحه 15-25 اصل مقاله (977.66 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کامل علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2021.343129.1240 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ثریا قاسمی* 1؛ سعید صادق‌زاده‌حمایتی2؛ داریوش طالقانی2؛ کاظم سیاوشی3؛ مصطفی حسین پور1 | ||
| 1استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند- سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3کارشناس مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان ایلام، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایلام، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور مقایسه، تعیین پتانسیل و سطح سازگاری رقم‌های مختلف چغندرقند (Beta vulgaris L.) در تاریخ‌های کاشت و برداشت متفاوت، آزمایشی از پاییز سال‌های 1393 و 1394در مزرعه اتکا دهلران به مدت دو سال به اجرا درآمد. در سال اول، آزمایش به صورت کرت‌های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی و در سال دوم آزمایش به صورت کرت‌های دو بارخردشده درقالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در سال دوم انجام شد. در سال اول عامل اصلی شامل 15 رقم (سزیرا، گیادا، آنتک، مراک، پالما، سوپریما، سیلوتا، اسپارتاک، نکسوس، جاکا، ویکو، لوانته، آزابا، شریف و شاهد حساس) در تاریخ کاشت 10 مهرماه و عامل فرعی شامل تاریخ برداشت (25 فروردین و 10 اردیبهشت) بود. در سال دوم عامل اصلی شامل پنج رقم گزینش شده از سال اول (آنتک، آزابا، سیلوتا، اسپارتاک و رقم داخلی شریف و شاهد حساس)، عامل فرعی شامل سه تاریخ کاشت (25 شهریور، 10 مهر و 25 مهر) و عامل فرعی فرعی شامل سه تاریخ برداشت (25 فروردین، 10 اردیبهشت و 25 اردیبهشت) بودند. صفات عملکرد ریشه، درصد قند، عملکرد قندناخالص، عملکرد شکرسفید، میزان سدیم، پتاسیم و نیتروژن مضره ریشه و ضریب استحصال مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. نتایج تجزیه واریانس در سال اول نشان دادکه بین ارقام از لحاظ صفات مورد بررسی اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود دارد. با توجه به صفات مورد ارزیابی، از بین 15 رقم مورد مطالعه و بر اساس میزان مقاومت به بولتینگ، رقم‌های آنتک، آزابا، سیلوتا، اسپارتاک و رقم داخلی شریف نسبت به سایر ارقام دارای برتری بودند، بنابراین در غربال‌گیری جهت ادامه آزمایش در سال دوم، این ارقام انتخاب شدند. در سال دوم نیز بین ارقام از لحاظ صفات مورد بررسی اختلاف معنی‌داری وجود داشت به‌نحوی که بیشترین عملکرد ریشه در سال دوم مربوط به رقم شریف (83/32 تن در هکتار) بود. بالاترین میزان درصد قندناخالص و درصد قند قابل استحصال مربوط به رقم سیلوتا به میزان 17/29 درصد و 14/68 درصد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بولتینگ؛ درصد قند قابل استحصال؛ کشت پاییزه؛ عملکرد ریشه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Determination of the proper planting date and harvest of commercial sugar beet cultivars in autumn cultivation in Ilam province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| s. Ghasemi1؛ S. Sadeghzadeh Hemayati2؛ dariush taleghani2؛ K. Siavashi3؛ M. Hosseinpour1 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREOO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI) - Agricultural Research Education and Extension, Karaj,Iran | ||
| 3Expert of Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREOO), Ilam, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to compare and determine the potential, and compatibility level of different sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars at different planting and harvest dates, a two years (2014-16) trial was conducted in Etka Dehloran field. In the first and second year, the trial was performed in split plot- and split-split plot based on randomized complete block design, respectively with three replications. In the first year, the main plots consisted of 15 cultivars and the planting date of 2nd October 2014 and the split plots included harvest dates of 14th and 30th April 2015. In the second year, the main plots consisted of five selected cultivars from first year trial, three planting dates (16th September, 1st and 16th October) in split plots, and three harvest dates (14th and 30th April and 14th May) in split split plots. The evaluated traits were root yield, sugar content, sugar yield, white sugar yield, Na and K content and extraction coefficient of sugar. Results of analysis of variance in the first year showed that there was a significant difference between the cultivars in terms of studied traits. According to the evaluated traits, among 15 studied cultivars and based on bolting resistance, Antek, Azaba, Silvetta, Spartak, and Sharif were superior to other cultivars; therefore, these cultivars were selected for continuous screening in the second year of the trial. In the second year, there was a significant difference between cultivars in terms of studied traits, so that the highest root yield was related to Sharif cultivar (83.32 tha-1). The highest sugar content (17.29%) and extraction coefficient of sugar (14.68%) were related to Silvata cultivar. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Autumn sowing, Bolting, Extraction coefficient of sugar, Root yield | ||
| مراجع | ||
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