اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات286
تعداد نشریات سازمان84
تعداد شماره‌ها3,012
تعداد مقالات33,669
تعداد مشاهده مقاله44,721,928
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله37,720,812
خالدی درویشان, عبدالواحد, فرجی, جلال, غلامی, لیلا, خورسند, محسن. (1400). تغییرات مکانی-زمانی فرسایش خاک در حوزه آبخیز معرف خامسان با استفاده از مدل RUSLE. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 13(3), 534-547. doi: 10.22092/ijwmse.2021.128809.1752
عبدالواحد خالدی درویشان; جلال فرجی; لیلا غلامی; محسن خورسند. "تغییرات مکانی-زمانی فرسایش خاک در حوزه آبخیز معرف خامسان با استفاده از مدل RUSLE". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 13, 3, 1400, 534-547. doi: 10.22092/ijwmse.2021.128809.1752
خالدی درویشان, عبدالواحد, فرجی, جلال, غلامی, لیلا, خورسند, محسن. (1400). 'تغییرات مکانی-زمانی فرسایش خاک در حوزه آبخیز معرف خامسان با استفاده از مدل RUSLE', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 13(3), pp. 534-547. doi: 10.22092/ijwmse.2021.128809.1752
خالدی درویشان, عبدالواحد, فرجی, جلال, غلامی, لیلا, خورسند, محسن. تغییرات مکانی-زمانی فرسایش خاک در حوزه آبخیز معرف خامسان با استفاده از مدل RUSLE. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1400; 13(3): 534-547. doi: 10.22092/ijwmse.2021.128809.1752

تغییرات مکانی-زمانی فرسایش خاک در حوزه آبخیز معرف خامسان با استفاده از مدل RUSLE

مهندسی و مدیریت آبخیز
مقاله 2، دوره 13، شماره 3، مهر 1400، صفحه 534-547    اصل مقاله (1.82 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijwmse.2021.128809.1752
نویسندگان
عبدالواحد خالدی درویشان* 1؛ جلال فرجی2؛ لیلا غلامی3؛ محسن خورسند2
1دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور
2کارشناس ارشد، دانشکده منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور
3استادیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
چکیده
پویایی عوامل فرسایندگی باران (R)، مدیریت زراعی (C) و فرسایش‌پذیری خاک (K) در مقایسه با دیگر عوامل (توپوگرافی، LS و مدیریت اراضی، P)، مهمترین نکته در برآورد صحیح فرسایش خاک در پایه‌های زمانی مختلف است. برآوردهای مکانی-زمانی فرسایش خاک در حوزه‌های آبخیز معرف-زوجی به‌دلیل کارکردهای آموزشی آن‌ها و نیز امکان تعمیم نتایج برای مناطق بزرگ‌تری از کشور از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. بنابراین، در پژوهش حاضر ضمن بررسی پویایی عوامل R، C و K در حوزه آبخیز معرف-زوجی خامسان، نقشه توزیعی فرسایش خاک در مقیاس‌های زمانی فصلی و سالانه با استفاده از مدل RUSLE برای دو سال آبی 95-1394 و 97-1396 تهیه شد. نتایج نشان داد که فرسایش خاک در فصل زمستان با مقادیر 3.94 و 4.59 تن در هکتار به‌ترتیب حدود 49 و 74 درصد از کل فرسایش سال را به خود اختصاص داد. در نظر گرفتن شرایط ذوب در محاسبه عامل K برای فصل زمستان همراه با فقدان پوشش گیاهی در این فصل منجر به برآورد بیشتر فرسایش خاک نسبت به دیگر فصول شد. این نتایج با داده‌های هدررفت خاک کرت‌ها در رگبارهای ثبت شده در فصول مختلف و همچنین، غلظت بیشتر رسوبات معلق در رودخانه‌ها به‌ویژه در اسفند ماه تطابق دارد. در سال آبی 95-1394 توزیع بارندگی‌ها در فصل پاییز به مراتب بیشتر از فصل بهار بود و لذا، فرسایش خاک فصل پاییز حدود 33 درصد از کل فرسایش سال را به خود اختصاص داد. در سال آبی 97-1396 اگرچه متوسط فرسایش خاک سالانه کمتر بود، اما به‌دلیل توزیع بیشتر بارندگی‌های فرساینده در فصل زمستان و هم‌زمان با فقدان پوشش گیاهی روی سطح خاک و نیز ذوب خاک، شدت فرسایش فصل زمستان بسیار بالا بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پوشش گیاهی؛ فرسایش‌پذیری خاک؛ کاربری اراضی؛ مدیریت اراضی؛ معادله جهانی هدررفت خاک
عنوان مقاله [English]
Spatio-temporal variation of soil erosion in Khamsan representative watershed using RUSLE
نویسندگان [English]
Abdulvahed Khaledi Darvishan1؛ Jalal Faraji2؛ Leila Gholami3؛ Mohsen Khorsand2
1Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
2MSc, Department of Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Iran
3Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Reaources University, Sari, Iran
چکیده [English]
The dynamics of rainfal erosivity (R), crop management (C) and soil erodibility (K) factors compared to the others (topography-LS and land management-P) is the most important note for the correct estimate of soil erosion at different time bases. Spatio-temporal estimates of soil erosion in the representative paired watersheds are of particular importance due to their educational functions as well as the possibility of generalizing the results to larger areas of the country. Therefore, in the present study, while examining the dynamics of R, C and K factors in the Khamsan representative paired watershed, the distribution map of soil erosion in seasonal and annual time scales were prepared using RUSLE model for two water years of 2015-2016 and 2017-2018. The results showed that soil erosion in winter with values ​​of 3.94 and 4.95 t ha-1 y-1 accounted for about 49 and 74% of the total erosion of the year, respectively. Considering the melting conditions in calculating the K factor for the winter along with the lack of vegetation in this season led to a higher estimate of soil erosion than other seasons. These results are in consistent with plots soil loss data recorded in different seasons and the higher concentration of suspended sediments in the rivers especially in March. In the water year of 2015-2016, the distribution of rainfalls in the autumn was much higher than in the spring, so that soil erosion in the autumn accounted for about 33% of the total erosion of the year. In the water year of 2017-2018, although the average annual soil erosion was less, but due to more distribution of erosive rainfalls in winter at the same time with the lack of vegetation on the soil surface and the soil melting, the rate of winter erosion was very high.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Land management, Land use, Soil erodibility, Vegetation cover, Universal soil loss equation
مراجع
  1. Alkharabsheh, M.M., T.K. Alexandeidis, G. Bilas, N. Misopolinos and N. Silleos. 2013. The impact of land cover change on soil erosion hazard in northern Jordan using remote sensing and GIS. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 19: 912-921.
  2. Amsalu, T. and A. Mengaw. 2014. GIS Based soil loss estimation using RUSLE model: the case of Jabi Tehinan Woreda, ANRS, Ethiopia. Natural Resources, 5: 616-626.
  3. Andreoli, R. 2018. Modeling erosion risk using the RUSLE equation. QGIS and Applications in Water and Risks, 4: 245-282.
  4. Arekhi, S., Y. Niazi and A.M. Kalteh. 2012. Soil erosion and sediment yield modeling using RS and GIS techniques: a case study, Iran. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 5(2): 285-296.
  5. Bahadur, K.K. 2009. Mapping soil erosion susceptibility using remote sensing and GIS: a case of the Upper Nam Wa Watershed, Nan Province, Thailand. Environmental Geology, 57(3): 695-705.
  6. Ban, Y.Y., T.W. Lei, C. Chen and Z. Liu. 2016. Study on the facilities and procedures for melt water erosion of Thawed soil. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 4: 142–147.
  7. Ban, Y.Y., T.W. Lei, Z.Q. Liu and C. Chen. 2017. Comparative study of erosion processes of Thawed and non-frozen soil by concentrated meltwater flow. Catena, 148: 153-159.
  8. Bayramin, I., M. Basaran, M. Erpul, M. Gunay and M. Canga. 2007. Assessing the effect of land use change on soil sensitivity to erosion in a highland ecosystem of simi-arid Turkey. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 2: 891-896.
  9. Bloomfield, J.P., C.R. Jackson and M.E. Stuart. 2013. Changes in groundwater levels, temperature, and quality in the UK over the 20th century: an assessment of evidence of impacts from climate change. Living with Environmental Change Report, UK, 114 pages.
  10. Cebecauer, T. and J. Hofierka. 2007. The consequences of land-cover changes on soil erosion distribution in Slovakia. Geomorphology, 98: 187-198.
  11. Chakroun, H., F. Bonn and J.P. Fortin. 1993. Combination of single storm erosion and hydrological models into a geographic information system. In: Farm Land Erosion: in Temperate Plains, Environment and Hills, (Ed.): Wicherek, S., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 261-270.
  12. Durigon, V.L., D.F. Carvalho, M.A.H. Antunes, P.T.S. Oliveira and M.M. Fernandes. 2014. NDVI time series for monitoring RUSLE cover management factor in a tropical watershed. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 35(2): 441-453.
  13. Eswaran, H., R. Lal and P.F. Reich. 2001. Land degradation: an overview. Final Report of Watershed Management Studies of Khamsan RepresentativeWatershed, 124 pages.
  14. Fensholt, R., K. Rasmussen, T.T. Nilson and C. Mbow. 2009. Evaluation of earth observation based long term vegetation trends-intercomparing NDVI time series trend analysis. Remote Sensing of Environment, 113(9): 1886-1898.
  15. Fu, B.J., W.W. Zhao, L.D. Chen, Q.J. Zhang, Y.H. Lü, H. Gulinck and J. Poesen. 2005. Assessment of soil erosion at large watershed scale using RUSLE and GIS: a case study in the Loess Plateau of China. Land Degradation and Development, 16(1): 73-85.
  16. Ghahremannejad, E., H. Nazarnejad and M. Miryaghubzadeh. 2018. Effect of different land use management scenarios on soil erosion using USLE model in Kalaybarchay. Journal of Water and Soil Resources Conservation, 7(2): 91-104 (in Persian).
  17. Ghoddousi, J., S. Feiznia, H. Ahmadi, M. Shabani and A. Sarreshtehdari. 2007. Relationship between land use change and amount of erosion and sediment production in Taleghan Watershed. Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 73: 123-130 (in Persian).
  18. Goovaerts, P. 1999. Using elevation to aid the geostatistical mapping of rainfall erosivity. Catena, 34(3): 227-242.
  19. Grepperud, S. 2012. Soil conservation and government policies in tropical area: does aid worsen the incentives for arresting erosion. Agricultural Economics, 12: 120-140.
  20. Hakimkhani, Sh. and E. Hakimkhani. 2010. Rainfall erosivity mapping for Lorestan Province. Watershed Management Research Journal, 89: 62-72 (in Persian).
  21. Hoyos, N. 2005. Spatial modeling of soil erosion potential in a tropical watershed of the Colombian Andes. Catena, 63: 85-108.
  22. Joo, J., J. Lee, J.H. Kim, H. Jun and D. Joo. 2013. Inter-event time definition setting procedure for urban drainage systems. Water, 6(1): 45-58.
  23. Khaledi Darvishan, A., A. Katebikord, H. Mohammad Amini, L. Gholami, A. Karamzadeh, A. Bahmani and F. Saeidi. 2018. Effect of exclosure on runoff, sediment concentration and soil loss in erosion plots in Khamsan representative watershed of Kurdistan Province. Water and Soil Conservation, 24(6): 243-255 (in Persian).
  24. Khaledi Darvishan, A., S.H.R. Sadeghi, M. Homaee and M. Arabkhedri. 2014. Measuring sheet erosion using synthetic color-contrast aggregates. Hydrological Processes, 28(15): 4463-4471.
  25. Khaledi Darvishan, A., V. Homayonfar and S.H.R. Sadeghi. 2016. The impact of standard preparation practice on the runoff and soil erosion rates under laboratory conditions. Solid Earth, 7(5): 1293-1302.
  26. Khorsand, M., A. Khaledi Darvishan and M. Gholamalifard. 2017. Comparison between estimated annual soil loss using RUSLE model with data from the erosion pins and plots in Khamsan representative watershed. Eco Hydrology, 3(4): 680-669 (in Persian).
  27. King, C., N. Baghdadi, V. Lecomte and O. Cerdan. 2005. The application of remote-sensing data to monitoring and modelling of soil erosion. Catena, 62(2): 79-93.
  28. King, K.W., C.W. Richardson and G.R. Willians. 1996. Simulation of sediment and nitrate loss on a vertisol with conservation practices. Transactions of the ASAE, 39: 2139-2145.
  29. Kværnø, S.H. and L. Øygarden. 2006. The influence of freeze–thaw cycles and soil moisture on aggregate stability of three soils in Norway. Catena, 67(3): 175-182.
  30. Laflen, J.M., L.J. Lane and G.R. Foster. 1991. WEPP: A new generation of erosion prediction technology. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 46(1): 34-38.
  31. Lin, C., W. Lin and W. Chou. 2002. Soil erosion prediction and sediment yield estimation: the Taiwan experience. Soil and Tillage Research, 68: 143-152.
  32. Markose, V.J. and K.S. Jayappa. 2016. Soil loss estimation and prioritization of sub-watersheds of Kali River Basin, Karnataka, India, using RUSLE and GIS. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 188(4): 1-16.
  33. Millward, A.A. and J.E. Mersey. 1999. Adapting the RUSLE to model soil erosion potential in a mountainous tropical watershed. Catena, 38: 109-129.
  34. Mohammadi, M., A. Khaledi Darvishan and N. Bahramifar. 2019. Spatial distribution and source identification of heavy metals (As, Cr, Cu and Ni) at sub-watershed scale using geographically weighted regression. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 7 (3): 308–315.
  35. Morgan, R.P.C. andA. Nearing. 2011. The future role of information technology in erosion modeling. Hand Book of Erosion Modeling, 631 pages.
  36. O'Callaghan, J.R. 1996. Land use: the interaction of economics, ecology and hydrology. London Chapman and Hall, 200 pages.
  37. Patil, R.J. and S.K. Sharma. 2013. Remote sensing and GIS based modeling of crop/cover management factor (C) of USLE in Shakker river watershed. International Conference on Chemical, Agricultural and Medical Sciences (CAMS-2013) Dec. 29-30, 2013 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 4 pp.
  38. Rahimi, KH. and M. Mezbani. 2013. Evaluation of sivand Basin erosion by RUSLE model during 1998 to 2009. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Erosion Researche, 3(9): 1-18 (in Persian).
  39. Renard, K.G., G.R. Foster, G.A. Weesies and D.K. McCool. 1996. Predicting soil erosion by water. A guide to conservation planning with the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). Agricultural Handbook 703, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 383 pages.
  40. Renard, K.G., G.R. Foster, G.A. Weesies, D.K. McCool and D.C. Yoder. 1997. Predicting soil erosion by water: a guide to conservation planning with the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) (Vol. 703). Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 384 pages.
  41. Sadeghi, S.H.R., M. Moatamednia and M. Behzadfar. 2011. Spatial and temporal variations in the rainfall erosivity factor in Iran. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 13: 451-464 (in Persian).
  42. Sadeghi, S.H.R., Z. Abdollahi and A. Khaledi Darvishan. 2013. Experimental comparison of some techniques for estimating natural raindrop size distribution on the south coast of the Caspian Sea, Iran. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 58(6): 1374-1382.
  43. Saffari, A., A. Saffari and J. Karami. 2018. Investigation about the influence of land-cover and land use changes on soil erodibility potential, case study: Gharesou, Gorganrood. Journal of Spatial Analysis Environmental Hazards, 5(1): 83-96 (in Persian).
  44. Sanchez-Moreno, J.F., C.M. Mannaerts and V. Jetten. 2014. Rainfall erosivity mapping for Santiago Island, Cape Verde. Geoderma, 217-218: 74-82.
  45. Sedighi, F., A. Khaledi Darvishan and M.R. Zare. 2021. Effect of watershed geomorphological characteristics on sediment redistribution. Geomorphology, 375: 107-129.
  46. Sharma, A., K.N. Kamlesh and P.B.S. Bahdoria. 2010. Effect of land use land cover change on soil erosion potential in an agricultural watershed. Environmental Monitoring Assessment, 173: 789-801.
  47. Shi, Z. 2004. Soil conservation planning at the small watershed level using RUSLE with GIS: a case study in the three Gorge Area of China. Catena, 55: 33-48.
  48. Silva, A.M. 2004. Rainfall erosivity map for brazil. Catena, 57(3): 251-259.
  49. Troeh, F.R., J.A. Hobbs and R.L. Donahue. 1980. Soil and water conservation for productivity and environmental production. 3rd Edition, Prentice-Hall, 624 pages.
  50. Vaezi, A.R., M. Abbasi and Kh. Hajimaleki. 2017. Assessment of the RUSLE model integrated with RS and GIS in semi-arid small drainage areas, NW Iran. Watershed Management Science and Engineering, 11(38): 1-10 (in Persian).
  51. Wall, G.J., W.T. Dickinson, R.P. Rudra and D.R. Coote. 1988. Seasonal soil erodibility variation in southwestern Ontario. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 68(2): 417-424.
  52. Wijitkosum, S. 2012. Impacts of land use changes on soil erosion in Pa Deng sub-district, adjacent area of Kaeng Krachan National Park, Thailand. Soil and Water Research, 7(1): 10-17.
  53. Williams, J.R. 1975. Sediment routing for agricultural watersheds. Water Resources Bulletin, 11: 965-974.
  54. Wischmeier, W.H. and D.D. Smith. 1978. Predicting rainfall erosion losses (a guide to conservation planning). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Handbook No. 537, Washington, DC, 60 pages.
  55. Yu, X., X. Zhang, L. Jianlao, Z. Manling and X. Yanyan. 2006. Effect of vegetation cover and precipitation on the process of sediment produced by erosion in a small watershed of loess region. Acta Ecological, 26(1): 1-8.
  56. Zabihi, M., S.H.R. Sadeghi and M. Vafakhah. 2014. Spatial analysis of rainfall erosivity index patterns at different time scales in Iran. Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 7(4): 422-457 (in Persian).
  57. Zhang, X., Z. Li, Z. Tang, G. Zeng, J. Huang, W. Guo, X. Chen and A. Hirsh. 2013. Effects of water erosion on the redistribution of soil organic carbon in the hilly red soil region of southern China. Geomorphology, 197: 137-144.
  58. Zhou, P., O. Luukkanen, T. Tokola and J. Nieminen. 2008. Effect of vegetation cover on soil erosion in a mountainous watershed. Catena, 75(3): 319-325.
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 746
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 492


counter
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب