| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,944 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,229 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,867,844 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,374,188 |
مهار زیستی بیماری پوسیدگی طوقه برنج با استفاده از برخی قارچهای آنتاگونیست | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| دوره 8، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 15، شهریور 1399، صفحه 57-72 اصل مقاله (219.6 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2020.123711 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدرضا صفری مطلق* 1؛ حکیمه روشنی2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد رشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رشت، ایران | ||
| 2گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، موسسه آموزش عالی دیلمان، لاهیجان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بیماری پوسیدگی طوقه برنج با عامل Fusarium fujikuroi از بیماریهای مهم برنج در دنیا و ایران می‌باشد که مدیریت تلفیقی آن با روشهای مختلف اهمیت زیادی دارد. در این پژوهش به منظور دستیابی به جدایههای آنتاگونیست قارچی مناسب برای مهار زیستی این بیماری، اثر چهار جدایه از Trichoderma spp. و سه جدایه از Aspergillus spp .، روی قارچ بیمارگرF. fujikuroi با استفاده از روشهای کشت متقابل، کشت روی اسلاید، متابولیتهای فرّار و متابولیتهای غیرفرّار در آزمایشگاه بررسی شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که در کشت متقابل جدایه T. harzianum با 81/81 درصد موثرترین جدایه در مهار رشد میسلیومی بیمارگربود. در روش متابولیتهای فرار، جدایههایT. harzianum و T. virens، با 33/73 درصد مؤثرترین جدایهها در مهار رشد میسلیومی F. fujikuroi بودند. در روش متابولیتهای غیرفرّار، جدایههای A. awamori، T. viride وT. koningi بیشترین درصد مهار F. fujikuroi را از خود نشان دادند. در روش کشت روی اسلاید تمامی جدایههای متعلق به Trichoderma و Aspergillus در مهار بیمارگر موفق بودند. این جدایههای قارچی روی گیاه برنج در شرایط گلخانه مایهزنی شدند. تمامی قارچهای مایهزنی شده قادر به کاهش شدت بیماری در گیاهان تیمار شدهبودندکه جدایههایT. harzianum و T. virens بهترتیببا کاهش شدت بیماری به میزان 83 و 79 درصد مؤثرترین قارچها در بررسیهای گلخانه‌ای بودند. همچنین به‌کارگیری همه جدایههای مورد مطالعه در گلخانه موجب افزایش ارتفاع، وزن تر و وزن خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه در حضور قارچ عامل بیماری در مقایسه با شاهد بیمار گردید. نتایج تجزیه واریانس و مقایسه میانگین تیمارها تفاوت معنیدار قارچهای مورد استفاده در مطالعات گلخانه‌ای به جز در صفت وزن خشک را نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج بهدست آمده از بررسیهای بیوکنترل در آزمایشگاه و گلخانه، جدایههایT. harzianum، T. virens و T. viride مؤثرترین آنتاگونیستهادر کنترل بیماری پوسیدگی طوقه برنج بودند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| برنج؛ پوسیدگی طوقه برنج؛ کنترل بیولوژیک؛ Aspergillus spp؛ Trichoderma spp | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Biological control of rice foot rot disease using some antagonistic fungi | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Reza Safari Motlagh1؛ Hakimeh Roshani2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, Deylaman Institute for High Education, Lahijan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Rice foot rot disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi, is one of the most important rice diseases in the world and in Iran. Integrated management with different methods is very important for the disease. In this research, to find appropriate fungal antagonistic isolates for the biological control of foot rot, the effect of four isolates of Trichoderma spp. and three isolates of Aspergillus spp. were studied on F. fujikuroi in vitro using dual culture, slide culture, volatile metabolites and non–volatile metabolites. The results of research showed that T. harzianum isolate with 81.81% was the most effective isolate in suppressing the mycelium growth of F. fujikuroi. In the volatile metabolites method, T. harzianum and T. virens isolates were the most effective with 73.33% in suppressing the mycelium growth of the pathogen. In the non–volatile metabolites method, A. awamori, T. viride and T. koningi isolates showed the highest percentage of F. fujikuroi inhibition. In the slide culture method, all isolates of Trichoderma spp. and Aspergillus spp. proved to be effective in inhibition of the mycelia of F. fujikuroi. These fungal isolates were inoculated on the rice plant under greenhouse conditions. All inoculated fungi were able to reduce the severity of the disease in the treated plants. The isolates of T. harzianum and T. virens were the most effective fungi in reducing the disease by reducing the severity by 83% and 79%, respectively. Also, application of all the studied fungi in the greenhouse increased the height, fresh weight and dry weight of shoots and roots in the presence of pathogen compared to the control plants (without pathogen). Analysis of variance and comparison of the mean of the treatments showed a significant difference between the fungi except in the dry weight trait. According to the results obtained from biocontrol studies in laboratory and greenhouse, T. harzianum, T. virens and T. viride isolates were the most effective antagonists in controlling rice foot rot disease. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Aspergillus spp, bakanae, biological control, rice, Trichoderma spp | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abdollahzadeh, J., Mohammadi Golpteh, A. & Rouhani, H. 2006. Investigation of biocontrol of crown and root rot of sunflower (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) by Trichoderma species in laboratory condition. Journal of Agricultural Science, 12(1): 43–55. (In Persian with English summary). Akrami, M. & Ibrahimev, M. 2010. Evaluation of different combination of Trichoderma species for controlling Fusarium rot of chickpea. Journal of Crop Ecophysiology, 4(2): 75–84. (In Persian with English summary). Amirsadeghi, S., Sharifi Tehrani, A. & Hedjaroud, G.A. 1992. Effects of several fungicides and antagonist fungi (Trichoderma spp.) on eggplant sclerotinia (S. sclerotiorum). M. Sc. thesis, University of Tehran, Iran. (In Persian with English summary) Araghi, M.M., & Rahnama, K. 2008. Evaluation of biological control of Fusarium graminearum by two antagonist fungi Trichoderma virens and Trichoderma harzianum in vitro. Pajouhesh–Va–Sazandegi, 81: 197–199. (In Persian with English summary) Asadi, F., Alaei, H., Saberi Riseh, R. & Zeynadini Riseh, A. 2019. The effect of beneficial Trichoderma species isolated from sodic and saline soils to control Fusarium root rot of cucumber (Fusarium solani). Biocontrol in Plant Protection. 6(2): 43–55. (In Persian with English summary) Benitez, T., Rincon, A.M., Limon, M.C. & Codon, A.C. 2004. Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma strains. International Microbiology, 7: 249–260. Bertrand, P.F. & Gottwald, T.R. 1997. Evaluation of fungicides for pecan disease control. pp. 179–181. In: Hickey, K.D., (ed). Methods for Evaluating Pesticides for Control of Plant Pathogens. Oxford and IHB Publisher, Calcatte, India. Bissett, J. 1984. A revision of the genus Trichoderma. I. Section Longibrachiatum sec. nov. Canadian Journal of Botany, 62(5): 924–931. Carvalho, D.D.C., Junior, M.L., Martins, I, Inglis, P.W. & Mello, S.C.M. 2014. Biological control of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli by Trichoderma harzianum and its use for common bean seed treatment.Tropical Plant Pathology, 39(5): 384–391. de Hoog, G.S., Guarro, J., Gene, J. & Figueras, M.J. 2000. Atlas of clinical fungi. 2nd edition. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht. de Melo,I.S. & Faull, J.L. 2000. Parasitism of Rhizoctonia solani by strains of Trichoderma spp. Scientia Agricola, 57 (1): doi.org/10.1590/S0103–90162000000100010. Gams, W. & Bissett, J. 1998. Morphology and identification of Trichoderma. pp. 3–34. In: Kubicek, C.P., Harman, G.E., (eds), Trichoderma and Gliocladium. Taxonomy and Genetics, Taylor and Francis Ltd., London.Basic Biology, 1. Hajipoor Bagheri, A., Sohani, M.M., Hassani, S.H., Babaiezad, V. & Alavi, S.M. 2015. Symbiotic effect of endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica with rice (Oryza sativa) on resistance against Bakanae disease. Cereal Research, 5(3): 219–230. (In Persian with English summary). Horsfall, J.G. & Barratt, R.W. 1945. An improved grading system for measuring plant diseases. Phytopathology, 35: 655. Howell, C.R., 2003. Mechanisms employed by Trichoderma species in the biological control of plant diseases: the history and evolution of current concepts. Plant Disease, 87: 4–10. Idan, A.A.,Sijam, K., Kadir, J., Rashid, T.S., Alwa, H. K. & Alsultan, W. 2017. Biological control of Pyriculariaoryzae using antifungal compounds produced by Aspergillus niger. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 8: 2445–2460. Javris, W.R. & Shoemaker, R.A. 1978. Taxonomic status of Fusarium oxysporum causing foot and root of tomato. Phytopathology, 68: 1679–1680. Kato, A., Taiji, M., Kana, N., Hideaki, T. & Tuhru, T. 2012. Visualize interactions between the Bakanae disease pathogen Gibberella fujikuroi and the agent Talaromyces sp. KNB–422. Journal of General Plant Pathology, 78(1): 54–61. Khodaei, A., Arzanlou, M. & Babai Ahari, A. 2012. Inhibitory effects of three Trichoderma species against three species of Fusarium in laboratory conditions. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable production, 22(4.1): 105–115. (In Persian with English summary). Lopes, F.C. 2011. Production of Proteolytic Enzymes by a Keratin–Degrading Aspergillus niger. Enzyme Research, 2011, 1–9. Manimegalai, V., Ambikapathy, V. & Panneerselvam, A. 2011. Biological control of paddy brown spot caused by Bipolaris oryzae. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 1(4): 24 –28. Matićb, S., Spadaro, D., Garibaldia, A. & Gullino, M.L. 2014. Antagonistic yeasts and thermotherapy as seed treatments to control Fusarium fujikuroi on rice. Biological Control,73: 59–67. Menzies, J.G. 1993.Astrainof Trichoderma viride pathogenic to germinating seedlings of cucumber, pepper and tomato. Plant Pathology, 42:784–791. Miyake. T., Kato, A., Tateishi, H. & Arie, T. 2012. Mode of action of Talaromyces sp. KNB422, A biocontrol agent against rice seedling diseases. Journal of Pesticide Science, 37(1): 56–61. Ng, L.C., Ngadin, A., Azhari, M. & Zahari, N.A. 2015. Potential of Trichoderma spp. as biological control agents against bakanae pathogen (Fusarium fujikuoi) in rice. Asian journal of Plant Pathology, 9(2): 46–58. Niknejad Kazempour, M., Pedramfar, H. & Ellahinia, A. 2002. Evaluation of the effect of several fungicides and antagonist fungi against Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, the causal agent of rice sheath blight disease. Water and Soil Science (Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources), 6(4): 151–158. (In Persian with English summary). Padasht Dehkaee, F. 2001. Final report on the identification of biological factors controlling rice blast disease. Iran Rice Research Institute. Padasht Dehkaee, F., Mansouri Jahaee, Sh. & Rouhani, H. 2004. The effect of antagonistic microorganisms of Guilan paddy soils on rice crown rot disease. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology and Natural Resources, 8(1): 213–221. (In Persian with English summary). Papavizas, G.C. 1985. Trichoderma and Gliocladium biology, ecology and the potential for biocontrol. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 23: 23–77. Peyghami, E. 1991. Investigation of the possibility of biological control of Fusarium wilt in cucumber by Trichoderma harzianum. Journal of Agricultural Science, 27(2): 37–45. (In Persian with English summary). Radwan, M.B., Fadel, A.M. & Mohammad, I.A.M. 2006. Biological control of Sclerotium rolfsii by using indigenous Trichoderma spp. isolates from Palestine. Hebron University Research Journal, 2(2): 27–47. Ramesh, N.K. Naeimi, S., Rezaee, S. & Fotouhifar, K.B. 2020.Biological control of rice Bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi using some endophytic fungi. Entomology and Phytopathology, 87(2): 281–296. (In Persian with English summary). Safari Motlagh, M.R., Padasht Dehkaee, F. & Hedjaroud, G.A. 2005. Rice brown spot disease and evaluation of the response of some rice cultivars to it. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources, 9(2): 171–182. (In Persian with English summary). Singleton, L., Mmihail, J.D. & Rush, C.M. 1992. Methods for research on soil borne phytopathogenic. Fungi APS Press, USA. 265 pp. Sivakumar, D., Wilson Wijeratnam, R.S., Wijesundera, R.L.C., Marikar, F.M.T. & Abeyesekere, M. 2000. Antagonistic effect of Trichoderma harzianum on postharvest pathogens of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum). Phytoparasitica,28(3): 240–247. Sun, S.K. & Snyder, W.C. 1981.The Bakanae disease of the rice plant. pp. 104–113. In: Nelson, P.E., Toussoun, T.A. & Cook, R.J. (eds). Fusarium disease, biology and taxonomy, The Pennsylvania State University press, University Park, London. Vakili, D. & Okkhovat, M. 1997. Rice, planting, holding and harvesting, Farabi Publications, Tehran. (In Persian with English summary). Weindling, R. 1932. Trichoderma lignorumas a parasite of other fungi. Phytopathology, 22: 837–845. White, T.J., Bruns, T., Lee, S. & Taylor, J.V. 1990. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. pp. 315–322. In: Innis, M.A., Gelfand, D.H., Sninsky, J.J. & White, T.J. (eds.), PCR Protocols: A guide to methods and applications, Academic Press, New York. Zhong, S. & Steffenson, B.J. 2001. Virulence and molecular diversity in Cochliobolus sativus. Phytopathology, 91(5): 469–476. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 726 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 696 |
||