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معرفی آفات و بررسی میزان تراکم و خسارت برخی از آنها روی گونه‌های مختلف بید(.Salix spp) در استان آذربایجان غربی | ||
| تحقیقات حمایت و حفاظت جنگلها و مراتع ایران | ||
| دوره 18، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 36، اسفند 1399، صفحه 193-215 اصل مقاله (998.03 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfrpr.2020.126550.1386 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا هاشمی خبیر* 1؛ مهری باب مراد2؛ سیامک حنیفه3؛ رحمان رحیم دخت3؛ علی خداکریمی3 | ||
| 1نویسنده مسئول، محقق بخش منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 2مربی پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3کارشناس پژوهش، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| مطالعه آفات گونه‌های مختلف درختان بید (Salix spp.) در استان آذربایجان‌غربی از سال 1390 آغاز و به مدت پنج سال به اجرا درآمد. در این بررسی، هفت ایستگاه در بیشه‌زارهای طبیعی بید و کلکسیون پایه مادری بید در ایستگاه ساعتلو انتخاب شد. جمع‌آوری‌آفات روی گونه‌های مختلف بید در طول فصول رویش به‌فاصله هر 15روز تا یک ماه یک بار در هر یک از ایستگاه‌ها صورت گرفت. نمونه‌برداری به-صورت جمع‌آوری مستقیم آفات از روی گیاه میزبان، جمع‌آوری شاخه‌های آلوده بید و پرورش مراحل نابالغ حشرات داخل ظروف پرورش انجام شد. در این بررسی در مجموع40 گونه از بندپایان آفت متعلق به 26 خانواده جمع‌آوری و شناسایی شدند. میزان تراکم جمعیت و یا خسارت تعداد شش گونه آفت در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی طی دو سال مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. داده‌های به‌دست آمده، با استفاده نرم‌افزار آماریSPSS 19 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت و برای مقایسه میانگین از آزمون توکی در سطح احتمال یک درصد استفاده شد. در بین آفات جمع‌آوری شده، تعداد شش گونه آفت شامل: سنک بید و صنوبرMonosteira unicostata(Muls. & Rey)، کنه دو‌لکه-ایTetranychus urticaeKoch، شته خالدار بیدTuberolachnus salignusGmel.، سوسک چوبخوارMelanophila pictaPall.،شته سیاه بید Chaitophorus niger Mord.وگونه‌ای زنبور مولد گال لوبیاییPontania sp.1، از اهمیت بیشتری برخوردار بوده و به عنوان آفات مهم درختان بید شناخته شدند. در این پژوهش گونه بیدS.excelsa و بعد از آن گونه S.alba، میزبان بسیاری از آفات با درجات مختلف آلودگی در کلکسیون پایه مادری بید بودند. همچنین گونه S. aegyptiaca کم‌ترین تراکم آفات را داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| درختان بید؛ فون؛ بندپایان زیان‌آور؛ حشره؛ کنه؛ آذربایجان‌غربی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Introduction of pests and evaluation of density and damage of some species on different willow species (Salix spp.) in West Azarbaijan Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zahra Hashemi khabir1؛ Mehri Babmorad2؛ syamak hanifeh3؛ Rahman Rahimdokht3؛ Ali Khodakarimi3 | ||
| 1Researcher | ||
| 2academic member | ||
| 3Researcher | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The project of studying pests of different Salix species in West Azarbaijan Province was started in 2011 for five years. Samplings were carried out at 15–30 day intervals in growing seasons in seven natural selected sites, and willow collection design in Saatloo Research Station. Pest arthropods were collected using hand picking, collecting of infected tree branches, as well as rearing immature stages of some pests inside jars in the controlled conditions. The density of population and also damage of six important pests were surveyed in randomized complete designe in Saatloo Research Station for two years. The data were analysed by the SPSS 19 software and comparison of means conducted by Tukey ̓ s test.Totally, 40 species of harmful arthropods, belonging to26 families, were collected and identified, among them, Monosteira unicostata, Pontania sp.1, Chaitophorus niger, Tuberolachnus salignus,Melanophila picta and Tetranychus urticae were recognized as the important pests.Among the willow species, S.excelsa and S. alba were considered as the important hosts of many pests, on which the densities of pests were higher during the samling period.Moreover, S. aegyptiacahad the lowest density of the above-mentioned pests. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Willow trees, Fauna, Pest arthropods, insects, mites, West Azarbaijan | ||
| مراجع | ||
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