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ارزیابی کیفی و کمی وضعیت منبع‌های آب و کشاورزی در زیرآبخیز سروستان، استان فارس | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 132، مهر 1400، صفحه 149-164 اصل مقاله (2 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2021.352611.1373 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سارا کاویانی آهنگر1؛ رسول مهدوی نجف آبادی* 2؛ غلام رضا زهتابیان3؛ حمید غلامی2؛ آشوک کومار چاپاگین4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی منابع طبیعی گرایش بیابان زدایی، دانشگاه هرمزگان | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه هرمزگان | ||
| 3استاد دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 4محقق ارشد، مؤسسه اقیانوس آرام، ایالات متحده آمریکا | ||
| چکیده | ||
| دخـالـت‌هـا و فعـالیت‌های نابخردانه‌ی انســـان به یقین موجب تخریب سرزمین و بیابان زایی شده است است. هدف این پژوهش شناخت و معرفی درجه ی تأثیر فعالیت های انسانی از دیدگاه معیار آب و کشاورزی بر تخریب سرزمین و بیابان زایی زیرآبخیز سروستان است. تغییر کمی و کیفی آب زیرزمینی، آشکارسازی تغییر زمین‌های کشاورزی و وضعیت فعلی معیار آب (شاخص‌ها: افت آبزیرزمینی، هدایت الکتریکی، سامانه‌های آبیاری، نسبت جذب سدیم) و معیار کشاورزی (شاخص‌ها: عملکرد، الگوی کشت، کاربرد نهاده‌ها و دستگاه‌ها) با کمک مدل ایرانی IMDPA بررسی شد. منبع‌های آب زیرآبخیز سروستان با کاهش کیفیت (افزایش μS/cm 2700 شوری در 21 سال اخیر) و کمیت (10 متر کاهش تراز ایست‌آبی در 25 سال) مواجه شده‌اند. آشکارسازی تغییر زمین‌های کشاورزی نشان‌دهنده ی 196% افزایش در مساحت زمین‌های کشت‌شده در سال‌های 1993 تا 2016 است. نتیجه‌ی مدل ایرانی IMDPA نشان داد که شاخص هدایت الکتریکی آب با ارزش عددی 3/4 بیشترین تأثیر (وضعیت شدید) و شاخص‌های عملکرد و کاربرد نهاده ها و دستگاه‌های کشاورزی با ارزش عددی 1/7 کمترین تأثیر (وضعیت متوسط) بر زیرآبخیز سروستان داشت. معیار آب با ارزش عددی 2/56 معیار غالب بود و به‌همراه معیار کشاورزی در طبقه‌ی متوسط جا گرفت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تراز ایست‌آبی؛ زمین‌های کشاورزی؛ مدل IMDPA؛ هدایت الکتریکی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Water Resources and Agriculture in Sarvestan Sub-basin, the Province of Fars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Sara Kaviani Ahangar1؛ Rasool Mahdavi Najafabadi2؛ Gholamreza Zehtabian3؛ Hamid Gholami2؛ Ashok kumar Chapagain4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. Student of Natural Resources Engineering, Desertification Control, University of Hormozgan, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor of Natural Resources Engineering, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran | ||
| 3Professor Collage of Natural Resources, Tehran University, Iran | ||
| 4Senior Researcher, Pacific Institute, USA | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Desertification, a manifest sign of land degradation is mostly due to unreasonable treatment, and in many cases, over-exploitation of natural resources, mainly soil, and water. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify and introduce the degree of impact of human activities from the perspective of water and land management in the desertification of the Sarvestan Sub-basin. Quantitative and qualitative changes in groundwater, detection of changes in farm field expanses, and the current state of water criteria (indicators: groundwater loss, EC, irrigation systems, SAR), and agricultural criteria (indicators: yield, cultivation pattern, use of inputs and machinery) using the Iranian model, the IMDPA. The water resources of the Sarvestan Sub-basin have decreased in quality (an increase of 2700 µS/m of salinity during the preceding 21 years) and quantity (subsidence of 10 meters of water level in 25 years). The cultivated area has expanded 196% from 1993 to 2016. An application of the IMDPA model indicates that the electrical conductivity index, with a numerical value of 3.4, had the highest effect (extreme condition), and application index of agricultural inputs and machinery with a numerical value of 1.7 had the lowest effect (moderate condition) in the Sarvestan Sub-basin. The water quantity with a numerical value of 2.56 was the dominant criterion, and along with the agriculture criterion, was placed in the moderate class. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Agricultural lands, electrical conductivity, IMDPA model, water table | ||
| مراجع | ||
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