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چرخه زیستی کرم برگخوار قیچ، Hyles zygophylli و شناسایی انگل واره های آن در منطقه ارومیه | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| دوره 40، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 84، اسفند 1399، صفحه 403-418 اصل مقاله (1.09 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22117/jesi.2021.353263.1405 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| یونس کریمپور* 1؛ کیخسرو امامی1؛ حسین لطفعلی‌زاده2 | ||
| 1گروه گیاهپزشکی- دانشکده کشاورزی- دانشگاه ارومیه - ارومیه / ایران | ||
| 2بخش تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان شرقی، تبریز. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کرم برگخوار قیچ، Hyles zygophylli L. در نواحی شرقی منطقه دیــرین شمــالگان انتشار داشته و از برگ‌های قیچ،Zygophyllum fabago L. تغذیه می‌کند. به منظور مطالعه ویژگی‌های زیستی و انگل واره های این پروانه پرورش مداوم آن در شرایط صحرایی و آزمایشگاهی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که این شب پره دارای چهار نسل در سال بوده و به صورت شفیره در عمق 2 تا 6 سانتیمتری خاک زمستان‌گذرانی می‌کند. چرخه زیستی سالیانه آن از اوایل اردیبهشت با خروج حشرات کامل حاصل از شفیره‌های زمستان‌گذران آغاز و با شفیره شدن لاروهای سن آخر نسل چهارم در اواسط مهر پایان می‌یابد. حشرات کامل شب‌پره 2 تا 3 روز بعد از ظاهر شدن جفت‌گیری و در سطح زیرین برگ‌ها و روی ساقه‌های قیچ بشکل نامنظم تخم‌گذاری می‌کنند. تخم‌ها کروی، سبزروشن و قطر آنها 1/0±1/1 میلی‌متر است. بسته به شرایط آب و هوایی، دوره رشد و نمو جنینی بین 3 تا 5 روز، رشد و نمو لاروی بین 18 تا 25 روز و نهایتاً مرحله شفیرگی بین 12 تا 16 روز طول می‌کشد. کرم برگخوار قیچ دارای 5 سن لاروی بوده و در لاروهای سن آخر طول بدن در زمان استراحت 6/6 تا 9/6 میلی‌متر، وزن بدن 8/3 تا 9/4 گرم و عرض کپسول سر 8/4 میلی-متر است. لاروهای این شب پره توسط دو گونه از مگس‌های خانواده Tachinidae به نام‌های Tachina praeceps Meigen و Masicera sphingivora (R.-D.) و شفیره‌های آن نیز توسط زنبور انگل وارة Proconura barbara Masi از خانواده Chalcididae در منطقه ارومیه پارازیته می‌شوند. رابطة انگلی بین گونه‌های فوق با شب پره H. zygophylli برای اولین بار گزارش می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زیست‌شناسی؛ Hyles zygophylli؛ ارومیه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Life cycle of the Syrian bean-caper hawk moth, Hyles zygophylli (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae), and identification of its parasitoids in Urmia region, Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Y. Karimpour1؛ Keykhosro Emami1؛ H. Lotfalizadeh2 | ||
| 1Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia - Iran | ||
| 2Plant Protection Research Department, East-Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research & Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The Syrian bean-caper hawk moth, Hyles zygophylli L., is distributed in the eastern Palaearctic region and feeds on the leaves of the Syrian bean caper, Zygophyllum fabago L. In order to study the life history traits and its parasitoids, continuous rearing was conducted in field and laboratory conditions. The results showed that H. zygophylli completed four generations within the growing season and hibernate as pupal stage in the soil at a depth of 2 to 6 cm. The annual life cycle of the species begins in late April with the emergence of adults from overwintering pupae and ends in early October with the pupation of fourth-generation larvae. Adult hawk moths 2-3 days after emergence mates and begin laying eggs in irregular shape on the stems and underside of leaves. They are spherical shape, light green and 1.1 ± 0.1 mm in diameter. Depends on daily temperature, the incubation period takes 3-5days. The larval development time takes 18-25 days and pupal stage lasted 12-16 days. Laval development were completed in five larval instars. The maximum length (in rest position), head capsule, and weight of completely developed larvae were 6.6-6.9 mm, 4.9 mm, and 3.8-4.9 gr, respectively. The larvae and pupa of H. zygophylli were parasitized by two species of tachinid and chalcid flies namely, Masicera sphingivora (R.-D.), Tachina praeceps Meigen and Proconura barbara Masi in Urmia region. The association of parasitoids with H. zygophylli are reported for the first time. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Biology, Hyles zygophylli, Urmia | ||
| مراجع | ||
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