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قابلیت انبارداری بذر گندم تولید شده در شرایط مختلف تنش خشکی و منابع کود نیتروژنه | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 22، تیر 1400، صفحه 15-35 اصل مقاله (831 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsst.2020.124360.1244 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سجاد ارغا1؛ حمیدرضا بلوچی* 2؛ علی مرادی3؛ علیرضا یدوی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج | ||
| 2گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج ، یاسوج، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه یاسوج | ||
| 4گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور ارزیابی قابلیت انبارداری بذر گندم تولید شده در شرایط تنش کمبود آب و کاربرد کودهای شیمیایی و زیستی نیتروژن‌دار در مزرعه گیاه مادری، آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت در زمان در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تکرار صورت گرفت. عامل اصلی آزمایش شامل فاکتوریل اثر ترکیبات مختلف تنش خشکی (در مرحله شیری شدن دانه، در مرحله خمیری شدن دانه و بدون تنش) و منابع کود نیتروژن (کود اوره 100، 75، 50 و 25 درصد نیاز گیاه به همراه نیتروکسین و نیتراژین) در 12 سطح و اثر شرایط انبارداری در 4 سطح (رطوبت 7 درصد بذر (رطوبت اولیه) و دمای 20 و 4 درجه سانتی‌گراد انبار، رطوبت 14 درصد بذر و دمای 20 و 4 درجه سانتی‌گراد انبار) و عامل فرعی شامل اثر دوره انبارداری در 4 سطح 50، 100، 150 و 200 روز بود. نتایج نشان داد که محتوای پروتئین محلول و شاخص بنیه بذر در بذرهایی که گیاه مادری کود نیتروکسین و نیتراژین به همراه 25 درصد اوره دریافت کردند، به ترتیب با افزایش تنش خشکی از 208/1 تا 581/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم و از 945/1 تا 376/0 نسبت به دریافت اوره 100 درصد افزایش یافت. همچنین بذرهایی تولیدی در شرایط تنش خشکی و کاربرد کود زیستی، میزان فعالیت کاتالاز کمتری داشتند که میزان فعالیت آن در دمای بالای انبار افزایش یافت. به طور کلی اگر آبیاری گیاه مادری در مرحله خمیری دانه قطع گردد و گیاه با تلفیق کود زیستی و شیمیایی تغذیه گردد، آنگاه بذور تولیدی قابلیت انبارداری بیشتری دارند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| زوال بذر؛ شاخص بنیه گیاهچه؛ کاتالاز؛ نیتراژین؛ نیتروکسین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Seed storage capability of wheat produced in different conditions of drought stress and sources of nitrogen fertilization | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Sajad Argha1؛ Hamidreza Balouchi2؛ Ali Moradi3؛ Alireza Yadavi4 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Yasouj, Iran. | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Yasouj, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Yasouj University | ||
| 4Agronomy Department, Agricultural Faculty,Yasouj university, Yasouj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This research was carried out to evaluate the storage of wheat seed which produced under different conditions of water deficit and application of chemical nitrogen and biological fertilizers as the first factor was water deficit in milky stage, drought stress at dough stage and without stress (control), and nitrogen fertilizer resources in Urea fertilizer 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of plant requirement with nitroxin and nitragin. The second factor was storage conditions in 7 and 14% seed moisture within 20 and 4 °C storage, and the third factor was the storage period at 50, 100, 150 and 200 days. The results showed that the content of soluble protein and seed vigor index in seeds that received nitroxin and nitragin fertilizers with 25% urea, by increasing the water deficit, from 1.208 to 0.581 mg/g fresh weight and from 1.945 to 0.376 increased relative to 100% urea, respectively. The amount of catalase activity in seeds with drought stress and biofertilizer was higher and its activity increased at higher storage temperatures. In general, if the irrigation of the maternal plant is discontinued at the seed dough stage and the plant is fed with integrated of chemical and biological fertilizers, then the seed produced had more storage capability. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Catalase, Nitragin, Nitroxin, Seed deterioration, Seedling vigor index | ||
| مراجع | ||
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