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ارزیابی میزان اعاده‌کنندگی باروری و هتروزیس برخی از ژنوتیپ‌های برنج | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 130، خرداد 1400، صفحه 93-107 اصل مقاله (632.82 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2021.351486.1498 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عمار قلی‌زاده قرا* 1؛ غفار کیانی2؛ قربانعلی نعمت زاده قراخیل3؛ حمید نجفی زرینی4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه کشاورزی | ||
| 2استادیار گروه بیوتکنولوژی و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری | ||
| 3استاد | ||
| 4دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی ساری | ||
| چکیده | ||
| بکارگیری برنج هیبرید با افزایش در عملکرد، میتواند گامی موثر در امنیت غذایی باشد، در این تحقیق، 26 لاین اعاده‌کننده باروری برنج بعنوان والد پدری، به همراه لاین نرعقیم نداA به عنوان والد مادری و 26 هیبرید حاصله و رقم پرمحصول شیرودی به عنوان رقم شاهد منطقه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. در سال 1397 تلاقی‌های ممکن بین نداA و لاین‌های اعاده‌کننده باروری انجام گرفت. سپس در سال 1398، لاین‌های اعاده‌کننده باروری و هیبریدها به همراه رقم شاهد منطقه در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار انجام پذیرفت. صفاتی از قبیل تعداد دانه بارور در خوشه، درصد عقیمی دانه گرده، درصد باروری خوشه، طول دانه، عرض دانه، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس صفات نشان داد که ژنوتیپ ها از نظر تمامی صفات اختلاف معنی داری دارند، همچنین براساس مقایسه میانگین انجام شده تلاقی /IR 65912-90-1-6-3-2-3R NedaA بالاترین عملکرد (83/870 گرم بر متر مربع) را بین تمامی هیبریدها، لاین‌های اعاده‌کننده باروری و ارقام شیرودی (02/611 گرم بر متر مربع) و ندا (54/610 گرم بر متر مربع) داشت که ناشی از تعداد پنجه و تعداد دانه در خوشه بالا بوده است. هتروزیس استاندارد این هیبرید 52/42 درصد، هتروزیس نسبت به والد برتر 45/35 درصد و هتروزیس نسبی 95/38 درصد بوده است. همچنین هیبریدهای NedaA/IR68078-15-2-1-2-2R، NedaA/IR65912-90-1-6-3-2-3R، NedaA/IR36، NedaA/MILYANG54، NedaA/IR56 به ترتیب با 40/16، 52/42، 77/3، 71/18 و 49/8 درصد دارای هتروزیس استاندارد مثبت و معنی‌داری برای افزایش عملکرد بودند. با توجه به هتروزیس استاندارد بالای این هیبریدها، می‌توان از این تلاقی‌ها، بعنوان هیبرید برتر استفاده نمود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اعاده کننده؛ برنج؛ ژنوتیپ؛ لاین نرعقیم وهیبرید | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of restorer fertility and heterosis rate in some of the rice genotypes | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| ammar gholizadeh ghara1؛ ghafar kiani2؛ ghorbanali nematzadeh gharakheil3؛ hamid najafi zarini4 | ||
| 1sanru | ||
| 2sanru | ||
| 3sanru | ||
| 4sanru | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction: Rice is one of the most valuable nutrients for the food security in the world. Gowing population and changes in diet habits in the world, it is necessary to increase rice production. Using hybrid rice technology to increase grain yield can be an effective step in achieving food security (Shabestari & Mojtahedi, 2008), Therefore, it is important to examine the different characteristics and indices of parents and the resulting hybrids. Yield increase in hybrid rice is due to plant growth period and high harvest index. Increasing of number of grains and panicle weight increases grain yield in hybrid rice. Limitation of suitable cultivars to restorer, low number of effective lines and their genetic basis and cooking quality have always been the main problems of hybrid rice production in the Iran. The purpose of this experiment was identify of restorer lines in crosses with the sterile cytoplasmic line of Neda A to finally identify suitable parent lines and use them for hybrid breeding programs. Materials and Methods: This experiment was conducted in two years )2018-2019 (in the Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan. Plant materials included 26 restorer lines sent by the International Rice Research Inistitute (IRRI) as the male parent, and the Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines of Neda A as the female parent with Shirodi and Neda (control varietirs). The traits such as number of days to 50% flowering, number of days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of fertile tillers, length of spikelet (cm), number of floret in spikelet, number of spikelet per panicle, pollen grain sterility percentage, spikelet fertility percentage, grain length (mm), grain width (mm), weight of 1000-grains (gr), and grain yield (gram per square meter) were measured. Finally, crosses with the desired pollen grain fertility, spikelet fertility, and good yield were selected and introduced. The analysis of data was performed using SAS9.1 software. Cluster analysis of data was done with Ward method (using PAST software) and the dendrogram cuts were performed based on the formula proposed by (Darvish Kajouri, 2009). Results and Discussion: Among the parental lines of fertility restorer, IR68078-15-2-2-2-2-2 R and R4842-2-3-2-1R lines had the highest number of tillers and the highest percentage of spikelet fertility were observed in the line MILYANG 46. The IRi347 line had a higher yield than all the restorer lines due to its high number of fertile spikelet and low percentage of pollen grains fertility. Cluster analysis of the genotypes placed them in five separate clusters. The mean heterosis of the hybrids for the yield trait as compared to the parents, the superior parent, and the control variety showed a variation from -94.54 to 57.46% for the parent, from -94.73 to 35.45% for superior parent, and from -2.94 to 42.52% for the control. Conclusions: According to the result of the current research, the hybrids with optimal yield and high percentage of pollen as well as high spikelet fertility included the crosses of Neda A with IR68078-15-2-1-2-2-R, IR 65912-90-1-6-3-2-2R, IR36, MILYANG 54, and IR 56 hybrids which produced yields of 7112, 8708.3, 6340.3, 7253.3, and 6828.8 kg.m2 with standard heterosis values of 16.40, 42.52, 3.77, 18.74 and 8.49 respectively. Among the superior hybrids, NedaA/ MILIANG 54 hybrid had the highest milling and suitable amylose content, and NedaA/IR68078-15-2-1-2-2- R hybrid had a favorable aroma. These hybrids also exhibited good heterosis and were recognized as the best hybrids in terms of agronomic traits, which can be used for yield improvement. Since the lines studied are imported, it is necessary to make attempts to adapt them and also use them in crosses, which can lead to the production and release of promising new rice hybrids (Baloch Zehi et al., 2016). Keywords: Genotype, hybrid, restorer, rice and sterile line. References: Baloch Zehi, A., Kiani, G., and Bagheri, N. 2016. Identification of suitable parents for production of hybrid rice varieties through evaluation of combining ability and heterosis. Agronomy Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 108: 140-148. (In Persian with English Summary) Darvish Kajouri, F. 2009. Introduction to multivariate applied statistical methods. Islamic Azad University, Research Sciences Branch, First Edition, Shumiz, 330 pages. (In Persian with English Summary) Shabestari, M., and Mojtahedi, M. 2008. Plant crop physiology. Tehran University Publication: Tehran. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Genotype, hybrid, restorer, rice and sterile line | ||
| مراجع | ||
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Bagheri, N. A., and Babaeian Jelodar, N. A. 2010. Heterosis and combining ability analysis for yield and related yield traits in hybrid rice. International Journal of Biology, 2(2): 222 – 231. Baloch Zehi, A., Kiani, G., and Bagheri, N. 2016. Identification of suitable parents for production of hybrid rice varieties through evaluation of combining ability and heterosis. Agronomy Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi), 108: 140-148. (In Persian with English Summary) Darvish Kajouri, F. 2009. Introduction to Multivariate applied statistical methods. Islamic Azad University, Research Sciences Branch, first edition, Shumiz, 330 pages. (In Persian with English Summary) Eidi Kohnaki, M., Kiani, G., and Nematzadeh, G. 2015. Morphological and molecular selection of fertility restorer gene(s) in segragating populations of rice. Journal of Plant Productions, 38: (2). 89-98. Fischer, D., and Edmeades, G. 2014. Crop yields and global food security; will yield increase continue to feedthe world? Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, Australia. Juliano, B.O., and Villareal, C.P. 1993. Grain quality evaluation of world rices. International Rice Research Institute, 218 pp. Kiani, G. 2017. Identification of restoring fertility and maintainer rice varieties using SSR marker. The Plant Production (Scientific Journal of Agriculture), 40: 1. 81-87. Latha, S., Sharma, D., and Sanghera, G.S. 2013. Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield and its component traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 5(1): 90-97. Little, R.R., 1958. Differential effect of dilute alkali on 25 varieties of milled white rice. Cereal Chemistry., 35, 111-126. Nematzadeh, G.H., and Sattari, M. 2003. A study of nucleus genome of some high yielding rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties for application in hybrid rice technology. Iranian Journal of Agriculture Science, 34 (1): 213-219. Rahimi, M., Rabiei, B., Samizadeh, H., and Kafi Ghasemi, A. 2010. Combining ability and heterosis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 12: 223-231. Ricestat.irri.org:8080/ wrsv3/entrypoint.htmSaleem, M. Y. 2008. Genetic analysis of basmati rice (oryza sativa L.). phd thesis. Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan. Sanghera, G. S., and Hussain, W. 2012. Heterosis and combining ability estimates using line x tester analysis to develop rice hybrids for temperate conditions. Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 4(3): 131-142. SAS-Institute-Inc. 2010. Base SAS 9.2 Procedures Guide: Statistical Procedures. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc. Selvaraj, C.I., Nagarajan, P., Thiyagarajan, K., Bharathi, M., and Rabindran, R. 2011. Studies on heterosis and combining ability of well known blast resistant rice gen otypes with high yielding varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics, 5: 111-129. Shabestari, M. and Mojtahedi, M. 2008. Plant crop Physiology. Tehran University Publication: Tehran. Tiwari, D. K., Pandey, P., Giri, S.P., and Dwivedi. J. L. 2011. Prediction of gene action, heterosis and combining ability to identify superior rice hybrids. International Journal of Botany, 7: 126-144. Sood, B.C. and Siddiq, E.A. 1978. A rapid technique for scent determination in rice [India]. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding,38 (2): 268-275. Yuan, L. 2014. Development of hybrid rice to ensure food security. Rice Science, 21(1): 1−2. Xie, F. and Zhang, J. 2018. Shanyou 63: an elite mega rice hybrid in China. Rice. 11:17. Zhu, D., Zhang, H., Guo, B., Xu, K., Dai, Q., Wei, C., Zhou, G., and Huo, Z. 2017. Physicochemical properties of indica-japonica hybrid rice starch from Chinese varieties. Food Hydrocolloids, 63, pp.356-363. | ||
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