| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,083 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,402 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 48,366,527 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 79,051,137 |
بررسی راندمان انتقال و مشکلات بهره‌برداری کانالهای پیش‌ساخته بتنی در شبکه آبیاری مغان | ||
| تحقیقات مهندسی سازه های آبیاری و زهکشی | ||
| دوره 22، شماره 83، مرداد 1400، صفحه 21-42 اصل مقاله (1.77 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/idser.2021.354260.1470 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کرامت اخوان* 1؛ نادر عباسی2؛ میلاد خیری قوجه بیگلو3؛ هدیه احمدپری4 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهشی، بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اردبیل (مغان)، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، اردبیل (مغان)، ایران | ||
| 2استاد پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات آبیاری و زهکشی، موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی عمران، آب و سازه های هیدرولیکی، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران | ||
| 4دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی آبیاری و زهکشی دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شبکه آبیاری مغان مانند سایر شبکه‌های آبیاری با معضل تلفات آب مواجه است. در سال‌های اخیر در راستای ارتقاء راندمان انتقال آب، بخش عمده‌ای از کانالهای درجه سه این شبکه در سطحی معادل43000 هکتار با استفاده از کانالهای پیش‌ساخته بتنی به‌سازی شده است. در این پژوهش عملکرد فنی و وضعیت بهره‌برداری کانالهای پیش‌ساخته بتنی در دشت مغان موردبررسی قرارگرفته است. بدین منظور پس از بازدیدهای فنی از پروژه‌های مختلف شبکه کانالهای پیش‌ساخته در منطقه، تعداد ۴۰ کانال به‌عنوان نمونه انتخاب و اندازه‌گیری مربوط به تعیین راندمان انتقال، زمان انتظار زارعین و تلفات زمین در آن‌ها انجام گردید. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از اندازه‌گیری‌های انجام‌شده، متوسط راندمان انتقال آب در کانالهای مربوط به اراضی کشت و صنعت، زیر کانال برگشتی A و زیر کانال A به ترتیب 89 ، 89/47 و 86/77 درصد و متوسط انتظار زارعین، 37 دقیقه در کیلومتر و تلفات زمین 3 /51مترمربع در هکتار بود. همچنین مشخص گردید عدم کارایی مناسب واشرهای آب‌بندی، رشد گیاهان آبزی، تخریب ابنیه و دریچه‌ها، آبگیری غیراصولی، شکستگی و عدم ترمیم کانال‌ها و آبگیری بیش از ظرفیت و مهم‌تر از همه نبود تشکل بهره‌برداری و نگهداری، ازجمله مشکلات عمده در بهره‌برداری از کانالهای پیش ساخته بتنی مغان می‌باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آبگیری غیراصولی؛ راندمان انتقال؛ تلفات زمین؛ زمان انتظار زارعین؛ کانال پیش‌ساخته بتنی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation on Conveyance Efficiency and Operation Issues of Precast Concrete Channels (Canalette) in Moghan Irrigation Network | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| KARAMAT AKHAVAN1؛ Nader Abbassi2؛ Milad kheiry Ghoujeh biglou3؛ Hedieh Ahmadpari4 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Agricultural Engineering Research Department, Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
| 2Irrigation and Drainage Research Department, Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, AREEO, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3PhD Candidate ,Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran. | ||
| 4M.Sc. Graduate of Irrigation and Drainage, College of Aburaihan, University of Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Extended Abstract Investigation on Conveyance Efficiency and Operation Issues of Precast Concrete Channels (Canalette) in Moghan Irrigation Network Introduction Moghan irrigation network is also facing the problem of water losses similar to other projects. In recent years, more than 43,000 hectares of tertiary irrigation canals has been lined using precast concrete channels (Canalette). The main purposes of the project were; improving irrigation efficiency, increasing water use efficiency, reducing waiting period to get water, and preventing water loses. But the project due to weaknesses in various stages of design, construction, operation and maintenance were faced with numerous issues and problems. In this research, the performance of construction canalette in terms of conveyance efficiency and network operation and maintenance problems have been investigated. Methodology To do this, 40 canalettes were chosen after various visits to the different projects area and reviewing the existing related documents. In order to calculate conveyance efficiency, the inflow and outflow values of the channels were measured. In order to estimate the waiting time for farmers to receive water, the time required for water to reach from the water dividing site to the field was measured. The amount of land losses in each project was determined according to the availability of information such as the length of the canalette and considering the average width of 2 meters for the canalette and also the specificity of the area covered by the projects. In addition, by taking photos, talking to farmers, water distributors and other relevant factors, exploitation and maintenance issues were investigated. Field observations from the study of technical and social issues, issues related to the operation and maintenance of the canalette network as well as the results of measurements were analyzed and then the necessary suggestions to improve the current situation are presented. Results and Discussion The average conveyance efficiency in the studied canalettes in the three studied projects, namely agro-industrial lands, return A canals and sub-A canal lands, respectively %89, %89.47 and %86.77, respectively. The results of the study of land losses in different projects showed that land losses in agro-industrial lands, which are segmentate in an integrated manner, are far less than farmers' lands (lands of return A canals and sub-A canal). The results of local visits regarding the issues and problems of maintenance and operation of canalettes are presented below. 1) According to the visits and studies, the lack of complete sealing of the washers is one of the main problems of prefabricated canals. As a result of inadequate performance of the washers, unprincipled sealing performed by farmers in various ways, including the use of bitumen, concrete and plastic in the network was observed in large numbers. Investigation and research to solve this problem and improve existing channels and not to repeat this problem in future projects seems necessary. 2) The climatic conditions of Moghan plain are such that weeds to grow in most of the soil canals and are widely seen in the network canals. Also, in canalettes, the growth of weeds around and along the canalette and sometimes even inside the canalette, creates problems in the process of water transfer and canalette life. In addition, the transfer of weed seeds from the canal to the fields by water causes damage to the fields. 3) During the visits, several cases partial and total destruction at the network level were observed. Some of these cases were due to poor design and implementation of the canalette network and also lack of attention to the geotechnical conditions of the bed. However, most of the thematic demolitions have been done intentionally by the exploiters in order to dewatering of the network. The use of canalette siphons in irrigation sub-networks has been proposed as a simple and low-cost solution. Conclusions Based on the results, the average conveyance efficiency was found to be 89, 89.47 and 86.77 percents in three different studied areas that are agro-industrial lands, lands of return A canals and sub-A canal, respectively. Also, the waiting period of farmers and land losses were determined as 37 minutes in Km and 51.3 m2 per ha, respectively. Furthermore, inadequate performance seal washers, aquatic plant growth, damage of structures and intakes, improper operating, using overdesign rate of discharges, and other social and maintenances issues were found to be the problems in the operation of Moghan irrigation and drainage network Acknowledgement Thank all people, institutions, and companies that have supported and funded the research. Keywords: Disorganized water intake, Water use efficiency, Land losses, Farmers' waiting time, Canalette | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Disorganized water intake, Water use efficiency, Land losses, Farmers', waiting time, Canalette | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abbasi, N., Bahramloo, R., Keramati, M.& Yarqoli, B. (2009). Develop a strategic research plan to improve and optimize irrigation and drainage networks (Research Plan), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran. (In Persian)
Abdu, T., El gamri, T., Magid, A., & Magid, I. (2011). Design characteristics of open irrigation channel concrete lining as applied to Rawakeeb research station canal, Sudan Academy of Sciences Journal, 4(1), 1-16.
Abuzeid, T. S. (2021). Conveyance losses estimation for open channels in middle Egypt (case study: Almanna main canal, and its distributaries). Journal of Engineering Sciences, 49(1), 64-84.
Akhavan Giglou, k., KheiryGhojeh Biglou, M., Mehrparvar, B. & Shokat Naghadeh, A. (2019). Investigating amount of leakage, sediment and durability in geosynthetic cover of pumping channel 3 at irrigation network of Moghan. Revista Geoaraguaia, 9(2), 37-48.
Akhondali, A. (2000). Comparison of land waste, water efficiency and farmers' expectation to receive water in traditional and prefabricated third degree channels in Dez irrigation network. The Tenth Seminar of the National Irrigation and Drainage Committee. Nov. 15-16. Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
Aldakheel, Y., & Zeineldin, F. (2007). Improving conveyance and distribution efficiency through conversion of an open channel lateral canal to a low-pressure pipeline at Al-Hassa Irrigation Project, Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 32(1C), 77-86.
Asghari, B.& Sadeghzadeh Sadat, M. (2015). Estimation of water requirements for agricultural products by FAO-56 Penman-Monteith method in Moghan irrigation and drainage network. The Second National Conference on Agricultural Engineering and Management, Environment and Sustainable Natural Resources. Mar. 11. Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
Bahramloo, R., Abbasi, N., mamnnposh, A., Akhavan, K., Riahi, H. (2017). Evaluation of conveyance efficiency and water seepage loss in irrigation canals with HDPE geomembrane lining in plains of Zaiandeh-rood, Moghan and Kerman. Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research, 48(4), 725-735. (In Persian)
Chang, T. H., Huang, S. T., Chen, S., & Lai, J. C. (2010). Estimation of manning roughness coefficients on precast ecological concrete blocks. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 18(2), 308-316.
Dolatkhah, S. (2016). Correction of experimental equations of water leakage in Moghan irrigation and drainage network channels. First International Conference on Water, Environment and Sustainable Development. Sep. 27-29. Ardabil, Iran. (In Persian)
Emami, S., Choopan, Y., Kheiry goje biglo, M., Hesam, M. (2020). Optimal and economic water allocation in irrigation and drainage network using ICA algorithm (case study: Sofi-Chay network). Irrigation and Water Engineering, 10(3), 220-234.
Faridi, M., Nouri Malaler, K. & Rauf, M. (2011). Effect of irrigation efficiency on the amount of drained water from the drainage network of Moghan plain. First National Congress of New Agricultural Sciences and Technologies. Sep. 10-12. Zanjan, Iran. (In Persian)
Han, X., Wang, X., Zhu, Y., Huang, J., Yang, L., Chang, Z., & Fu, F. (2020). An experimental study on concrete and geomembrane lining effects on canal seepage in arid agricultural areas. Water, 12(9), 1-21.
Haghayeghi Moghadam, SA., Dehghanian, SA., Akhavan, K., Hassanoghli, A.& Baharloo, A. (2007). Investigation and research on the efficiency of appropriate formulas for determining the distance of subsurface drains (Research Plan), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iran. (In Persian)
Ihavandi R., Holakoii, H. and Haghigi, A. (2018). Ramshir Irrigation and Drainage Sub-Network. Internship report. Khuzestan Jihad University Higher Education Institute-Ahvaz Branch.
Jafari, H. & Ahmadnejad, A. (2011). Hydraulic investigation of the main channel of Moghan irrigation and drainage network with HEC-RAS model. Third National Conference on Irrigation and Drainage Networks Management. Feb. 20-21. Ahvaz, Iran. (In Persian)
Jamali, R., Besharat, S., Yasi, M., & Amirpour Deylami, A. (2018). Assessment of the Application Efficiency, Water Use Efficiency and Productivity of Irrigated Water in the Urmia Lake Basin (Case Study: Zarineh Rood irrigation and Drainage Network). Journal of Water and Soil Science (Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources), 22(3), 117-130. (In Persian)
Kang’au, SN., Home, P. G., Gathenya, J. M. (2011). Farm water use efficiency assessment for smallholder pumped irrigation systems in the arid and semi-arid areas of Kenya, Agricultural Engineering International: CIGR Journal, 13(4), 1-13.
Karimi Avargani, H., Hashemy Shahdany, S., Hashemi Garmdareh, S., Liaghat, A. (2020). Determination of Water Losses through the Agricultural Water Conveyance, Distribution, and Delivery System, Case Study of Roodasht Irrigation District, Isfahan. Water and Irrigation Management, 10(1), 143-156. (In Persian)
Kheiry Ghojeh Biglou, M., Pilpayeh, A. (2020). Optimization of Height and Length of Ogee-Crested Spillway by Composing Genetic Algorithm and Regression Models (Case Study: Spillway of Balarood Dam). Irrigation and Drainage Structures Engineering Research, 20(77), 39-56. doi: 10.22092/idser.2019.124750.1368
Kilic, M., & Tuylu, G. I. (2011). Determination of water conveyance loss in the ahmetli regulator irrigation system in the lower Gediz Basin Turkey. Irrigation and drainage, 60(5), 579-589.
Mohammadi, A., Rizi, A. P., & Abbasi, N. (2019). Field measurement and analysis of water losses at the main and tertiary levels of irrigation canals: Varamin Irrigation Scheme, Iran. Global Ecology and Conservation, 18, 1-10.
Mohammadzadeh Haji Khanlou, H., Houshmand, A., Hossein Alizadeh, M. & Moradzadeh, M. (2012). Estimation and volumetric distribution of water required for irrigation network using Geographic Information System (GIS) (Case study: Moghan Irrigation and Drainage Network). Third National Conference on Comprehensive Management of Water Resources. Sep. 11-12. Sari, Iran. (In Persian)
Monem, M., Hashemy shahdany, S. & Eslambolchizadeh, H. (2017). Role of regulating reservoir operational management in performance improvement of Moghan irrigation network. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 31.4(4), 535-545. (In Persian)
Salamati, N., Varjavand, P., Absalan, S., Azizi, A., Goosheh, M. (2020). Evaluation of the Water Conveyance Efficiency of Concrete Lined and Earth Channels in Khuzestan Province. Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 34.1(1), 151-165. (In Persian)
Sen, R., Fahmida, M., Akter, I., & Rity, M. (2018). Determination of conveyance loss through earthen channel by cutthroat flume. International Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 7(1), 11-14.
Shumye, A., & Singh, P. (2018). Evaluation of canal water conveyance and on-farm water application for a small-scale irrigation scheme in Ethiopia. International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, 10(8), 100-110.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,116 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 515 |
||