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بررسی سمّیت تدخینی اسانس پوست لیموترش (Citrus limon L.)، پرتقال (Citrus sinensis L.) و نارنج (Citrus aurantium L.) روی سه گونه آفت مهم انباری | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 12، دوره 37، شماره 5 - شماره پیاپی 109، آذر و دی 1400، صفحه 859-871 اصل مقاله (967.62 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2021.353970.2965 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| الیناز استوار1؛ سمیرا خدایاری* 2؛ شهرام آرمیده3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حشره‌شناسی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سالیانه بخش قابل توجهی از تولیدات کشاورزی توسط آفات انباری از بین می‌روند. به‌طور معمول برای کنترل آفات از سموم شیمیایی استفاده می‌شود. خطرات باقیمانده سموم روی محصولات انباری و نیز افزایش مقاومت آفات، انتخاب روش‌های کنترل امن و مؤثر را ایجاب می‌کند. ترکیب‌های گیاهی می‌توانند زمینه تحقیق در مورد کنترل آفات انباری با روش‌های کم خطر باشند. بنابراین در این تحقیق تأثیر اسانس پوست سه گونه مرکبات شامل لیموترش (Citrus limon L.)، پرتقال (C. sinensis L.) و نارنج (C. aurantium L.) روی حشرات کامل سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات (Callosobruchus maculatus (F.))، سرخرطومی گندم (Sitophilus granarius L.) و شپشه آرد (Tribolium confusum Duv.)، ارزیابی شد. جهت ارزیابی تأثیر اسانس‌ها روی آفات از تجزیه پروبیت بعد از ۲۴ و ۴۸ ساعت استفاده گردید. بعد از تعیین LC50 و LC25، جهت ارزیابی اثر ترکیبی اسانس‌ها، ترکیب‌های LC25 لیموترش+LC25 نارنج، LC25 لیموترش+LC25 پرتقال و LC25 پرتقال+LC25 نارنج بررسی شدند. هر تیمار در سه تکرار و هر تکرار روی ده حشره کامل دو روزه در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی بررسی شد. همچنین، تجزیه اسانس‌ها با GC/MS برای بررسی اجزای اصلی آنها صورت گرفت. بیشترین ترکیب موجود در اسانس پوست هر سه گونه مورد مطالعه لیمونن بود. شاخص LC50 اسانس لیموترش، پرتقال و نارنج روی حشرات کامل سرخرطومی گندم بعد از 24 ساعت به‌ترتیب 3.80، 2.65، 3.11 و بعد از 48 ساعت به‌ترتیب 2.48، 1.93، 2.88 میکرولیتر بر لیتر، روی سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات بعد از 24 ساعت به ترتیب 0.23، 2.41، 2.66 و بعد از 48 ساعت به‌ترتیب 0.132، 1.38، 2.35 میکرولیتر بر لیتر و روی شپشه آرد بعد از 24 ساعت به‌ترتیب 5.33، 2.76، 1.35 و بعد از 48 ساعت به‌ترتیب 2.24، 2.49، 0.89 میکرولیتر بر لیتر به‌دست آمد. بررسی اثر ترکیبی اسانس‌ها نشان داد که اثر تیمار LC25 لیمو+LC25 پرتقال روی هر سه آفت از اثر هر یک از اسانس ها به‌تنهایی بیشتر است. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، اسانس پوست مرکبات به‌ویژه لیموترش در تولید آفتکش‌های زیستی می‌تواند مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آفات انباری؛ کشندگی؛ پوست مرکبات؛ اسانس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Fumigant toxicity of essential oils of Citrus limon L., Citrus sinensis L. and Citrus aurantium L. peels on three important stored products pests | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| E. Ostovar1؛ S. Khodayari2؛ Sh. Aramideh3 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 2Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 3Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Annually a significant portion of agricultural products is destroyed by the stored products pests. The chemical pesticides are commonly used to control pests. The residual hazards of pesticides on the storage products as well as increase in the pest resistance necessitate the selection of safe and effective control methods. The plant compounds can be the subject of researches on the storage pests control with the low-risk methods. Therfore, this experiment was conducted to study the effects of peel essential oil from three Citrus spp. including Citrus limon L., C. sinensis L., and C. aurantium L. on the adults of Callosobruchus maculatus F., Sitophilus granarius L., and Tribolium confusum Duv. The probit analysis was performed after 24 and 48 hours to evaluate the effects of essential oils on the pests. After determining the LC50 and LC25, the combinations of C. limon LC25 + C. aurantium LC25, C. limon LC25 + C. sinensis LC25, and C. sinensis LC25 + C. aurantium LC25 were tested to evaluate the combined effects of essential oils. The treatments had three replications and each replicate was performed on ten two-days-old adult insects in a completely randomized design. Also, the essential oils were analyzed by GC/MS to evaluate their major constituents. The LC50 value (µl.l-1) of essential oils of C. limon, C. sinensis, and C. aurantium was 3.8, 2.65, and 3.11 after 24 hours and 2.48, 1.93, and 2.88 after 48 hours on the S. granaries adults, 0.23, 2.41, and 2.66 after 24 hours and 0.13, 1.38, and 2.35 after 48 hours on C. maculatus, and 5.33, 2.76, and 1.35 after 24 hours and 24.2, 2.49, and 0.89 after 48 hours on T. confusum, respectively. The study on the combined effects of essential oils showed that the C. limon LC25 + C. sinensis LC25 treatment was more effective than the effect of each essential oil alone on all three pests. According to the results of this study, the use of Citrus peel essential oil, especially C. limon, could be recommended in the production of bio-pesticides. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Stord product pests, lethality, citrus peel, essential oils | ||
| مراجع | ||
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