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تأثیر عصاره آبی برخی گیاهان دارویی بر کاهش بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی خیار و فعالیت آنزیم‌های پلی‌فنل اکسیداز، بتا-1، 3-گلوکاناز و پراکسیداز در گیاه خیار بیمار | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 37، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 110، بهمن و اسفند 1400، صفحه 920-933 اصل مقاله (1.13 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2021.355339.3029 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سمانه ملک پور1؛ سیمین نصرتی* 2؛ بیتا بهبودیان3؛ جلال غلام نژاد4؛ محمد آرمین5 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترای بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی، گروه کشاورزی، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، واحد یزد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، یزد، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، واحد کاشمر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کاشمر، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد اردکان، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران | ||
| 5دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد سبزوار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سبزوار، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در مطالعه حاضر، ابتدا تأثیر عصاره آبی گیاهان آویشن باغی (Thymus vulgaris L.)، رازیانه (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)، رزماری (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) و نعناع فلفلی (Mentha piperita L.)، بر کاهش رشد عامل بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی خیار (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum (forc)) در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای، به‌وسیله آزمون دیسک کاغذی بررسی شد. براساس نتایج، به‌ترتیب عصاره آبی آویشن باغی، رازیانه، رزماری و نعناع فلفلی در غلظت ppm250 با 24.66، 17.33، 11.66 و 10.33 میلی‌متر قطر ناحیه بازدارندگی حداکثر فعالیت ضدقارچی را نسبت به شاهد (3.66 میلی‌متر قطر ناحیه بازدارندگی) نشان دادند. سپس تأثیر عصاره‌های آبی آویشن باغی و رازیانه روی گیاه خیار رقم ناگین تیمار شده با عامل بیماری F. oxysporum در شرایط گلخانه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. عصاره آبی آویشن باغی در غلظت ppm200 با 31% شاخص بیماری بیشترین کاهش علایم بیماری را نسبت به شاهد بیمار با 82.66% و تیمار رازیانه با 42% شاخص بیماری نشان داد. بررسی فعالیت آنزیم‌های پلی‌فنل اکسیداز، بتا- 1، 3-گلوکاناز و پراکسیداز در شرایط گلخانه نشان داد که فعالیت هر سه آنزیم روند افزایشی داشته است، به‌طوری که میزان فعالیت آنزیم‌ها در تیمار توأم عصاره آبی آویشن باغی (ppm200) و بیمارگر به‌ترتیب از ΔOD/min/mg protein 1.12، 1.11 و 0.27 در روز اول پس از مایه‌زنی به ΔOD /min/mg protein 5.25، 4.81 و 2.88 در روز دوازدهم افزایش یافت و دارای اختلاف معنی‌دار با شاهد بود. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق مشخص شد که عصاره آبی آویشن باغی علاوه بر اثر مستقیم قارچ‌کشی قادر به افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌های دفاعی در گیاه خیار است، در نتیجه القای مقاومت گیاه میزبان در برابر بیمارگر اتفاق می‌افتد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پلی‌فنل اکسیداز؛ بتا-3؛ 1-گلوکاناز؛ پراکسیداز؛ عصاره آبی؛ Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of some medicinal plants water extracts on reducing Fusarium rot disease of cucumber and activity of polyphenol oxidase, β-1, 3-glucanase, and peroxidase enzymes in cucumber plants infected | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Malekpur1؛ S. Nosrati2؛ B. Behboodian3؛ J. Gholamnezhad4؛ M. Armin5 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Agricultural- Biotechnology, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Animal Science, Kashmar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kashmar, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Ardakan Branch, Ardakan University Ardakan, Iran | ||
| 5Department of Agronomy, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In the present study, first, an in vitro experiment was conducted to study the effects of Thymus vulgaris L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Rosmarinus officinalis L., and Mentha piperita L. water extracts on reducing the growth of Fusarium rot disease factor of cucumber (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum (forc)) by the saturated paper disk method. According to the results, the water extracts of Th. vulgaris, F. vulgare, R. officinalis, and M. piperita at a concentration of 250 ppm with the inhibitory zone diameter of 24.66, 17.33, 11.66, and 10.33 mm, respectively, showed the highest antifungal activity compared to the control (the inhibitory zone diameter of 3.66 mm). Then, it followed by a greenhouse experiment to investigate the effects of Th. vulgaris and F. vulgare water extracts on the cucumber cv. Nagene treated with F. oxysporum. The water extract of Th. vulgaris at a concentration of 200 ppm with the disease index of 31% showed the greatest reduction in the disease symptoms compared to the infected control and the F. vulgare treatment with the disease indices of 82.66 and 42%, respectively. Study on the activity of polyphenol oxidase, β-1, 3-glucanase, and peroxidase enzymes under the greenhouse conditions showed that the activity of all three enzymes had an increasing trend. So that the activity of enzymes in the combined treatment of Th. vulgaris water extract (200 ppm) and pathogen increased respectively from 1.12, 1.11, and 0.27 ΔOD/min/mg protein on the first day after the inoculation to 5.25, 4.81, and 2.88 ΔOD/min/mg protein on the 12th day, and it had a significant difference with the control. Considering the results of this research, it was found that the water extract of Th. vulgaris, in addition to the direct fungicidal effect, could increase the activity of defense enzymes in the cucumber plants resulted in the host plant resistance induction against the pathogen. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| polyphenol oxidase, (1&, 3) glucanase, peroxidase, plants water extract, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-cucumerinum | ||
| مراجع | ||
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