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ارزیابی تغییرپذیری جوانه‌زنی بذر کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa var. Titicaca) در پاسخ به دما، تنش شوری و خشکی | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 10، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 24، آذر 1400، صفحه 57-67 اصل مقاله (297.89 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsst.2021.353918.1388 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| آرش مامدی1؛ فرزاد شریف زاده* 2؛ رضا معالی امیری3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری-گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 2پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| 3گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق تغییرپذیری مولفه‌های جوانه‌زنی بذر کینوا (Chenopodium quinoa) به دما و تعیین دماهای کاردینال با آزمون جوانه‌زنی بذر در سطوح مختلف دمایی 1- تا 45 درجه سانتی‌گراد مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج مدل دندان-مانند نشان داد که دمای پایه و دمای سقف کینوا به‌ترتیب 04/3- و 45/45 درجه سانتی‌گراد و دمای بهینه از 20 تا 35 درجه سانتی‌گراد بودند. برای بررسی اثر تنش شوری و خشکی بر جوانه‌زنی در دمای مطلوب میانی 25 درجه سانتی‌گراد، بذور در معرض پتانسیل‌های اسمزی صفر تا 28- بار قرار گرفتند که برای القای تنش‌ها به ترتیب از ماده‌های سدیم‌کلرید (NaCl) و پلی‌اتیلن‌گلایکول (PEG) استفاده گردید. نتایج نشان داد که کاهش پتانسیل اسمزی تا 12- بار قادر به کاهش معنی‌داری مولفه‌های جوانه‌زنی نسبت به شرایط نرمال (بدون تنش) نداشت. اما با کاهش پتانسیل اسمزی به 18- و 24- بار درصد جوانه‌زنی به طور معنی‌داری کاهش یافت. به طوریکه در پتانسیل 24- بار تنش القایی-خشکی جوانه‌زنی به طور کامل متوقف گردید، اما 24% جوانه‌زنی در همان نقطه از پتانسیل اسمزی ناشی از تنش شوری مشاهده گردید. بنابراین، جوانه‌زنی بذرها تحت تنش القایی-شوری نسبت به تنش القایی-خشکی در همه سطوح پتانسیل‌های اسمزی متحمل‌تر بودند. به احتمال زیاد، به دلیل هالوفیت بودن کینوا، با جذب عناصر یونی نمک موجب منفی‌تر شدن پتانسیل درون سلولی شده که در نهایت منجر به مقاومت بیشتر به تنش شوری می‌گردد. بدین‌ترتیب کینوا از پتانسیل زیادی برای کشت در بسیاری از مناطق از جمله استان‌های دارای اقلیم خشک‌تر را دارا خواهد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| جوانه‌زنی بذر؛ دماهای کاردینال؛ تنش شوری؛ تنش خشکی و کینوا | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of quinoa seed germination variability in response to temperature,, drought and salinity stresses | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Arash Mamedi1؛ F. Sharifzadeh2؛ Reza Maali Amiri3 | ||
| 1PhD student-Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding-Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources-University of Tehran | ||
| 2UTCAN | ||
| 3Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding-Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources-University of Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Quinoa has attracted a lot of attention in recent years due to its low ecological needs and rich nutritional value. Therefore, the variability of germination components to temperature and determination of cardinal temperatures were performed by seed germination test at different constant temperatures from -1 to 45°C.The results of the dent-like model showed that the base temperature and ceiling temperature of quinoa were -03.04 and 45.45°C, respectively, and the optimum temperature was from 20 to 35°C. To investigation the effect of salinity and drought stress on germination at 25°C, the seeds were exposed to osmotic potentials from 0 to -28 bar, which were made of sodium chloride (NaCl) and polyethylene glycol (PEG), respectively, to induce stresses. The results showed that the reduction of osmotic potential up to -12 bar was not able to significantly reduce the germination components compared to normal conditions. However, with decreasing osmotic potential to -18 and -24 bar, the germination percentage decreased significantly. The germination was completely stopped at -24 bar of drought-induced, while 24% germination was observed at the same point of the salinity-induced osmotic potential. Therefore, seed germination capacity under salinity-induced stress was more tolerant than drought-induced stress at all levels of osmotic potentials. Most likely, due to the fact that quinoa is halophyte, by absorbing the ionic elements of salt, required for the maintenance of the cell turgor, which concurrent increase in cytosolic osmolality. Thus, this species has a great potential for distribution to other areas such as provinces with dry climate. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| seed germination, cardinal temperatures, drought stress, salinity stress and quinoa | ||
| مراجع | ||
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