اخبار و اعلانات

 آمار

تعداد نشریات286
تعداد نشریات سازمان84
تعداد شماره‌ها2,944
تعداد مقالات33,229
تعداد مشاهده مقاله43,865,924
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله20,372,043
کیانی راد, علی, نوروزی, حسین. (1400). تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر تخریب منابع طبیعی با تأکید بر فقر و امنیت غذایی. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 29(4), 119-150. doi: 10.30490/aead.2022.355650.1373
علی کیانی راد; حسین نوروزی. "تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر تخریب منابع طبیعی با تأکید بر فقر و امنیت غذایی". سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 29, 4, 1400, 119-150. doi: 10.30490/aead.2022.355650.1373
کیانی راد, علی, نوروزی, حسین. (1400). 'تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر تخریب منابع طبیعی با تأکید بر فقر و امنیت غذایی', سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 29(4), pp. 119-150. doi: 10.30490/aead.2022.355650.1373
کیانی راد, علی, نوروزی, حسین. تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر تخریب منابع طبیعی با تأکید بر فقر و امنیت غذایی. سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی, 1400; 29(4): 119-150. doi: 10.30490/aead.2022.355650.1373

تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر تخریب منابع طبیعی با تأکید بر فقر و امنیت غذایی

اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه
مقاله 5، دوره 29، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 116، اسفند 1400، صفحه 119-150    اصل مقاله (1.73 M)
نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30490/aead.2022.355650.1373
نویسندگان
علی کیانی راد* 1؛ حسین نوروزی2
1نویسنده مسئول و استادیار مؤسسه پژوهش‌های برنامه‌ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعه روستایی، تهران، ایران.
2دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
یکی از بارزترین جنبه‌های فقر رابطۀ آشکار این پدیده با تخریب منابع طبیعی است، که به ناپایداری زیست‏ محیطی می‏انجامد. در مطالعه حاضر، رابطه فقر و تخریب منابع طبیعی در ایران در قالب الگوی تصحیح خطای برداری (VECM) در دوره زمانی 1396-1373 بررسی شد. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که وقفه اول فقر بر تخریب منابع طبیعی اثر مثبت و معنی‌دار دارد و با افزایش یک درصدی شاخص فقر، مقدار تخریب منابع طبیعی 19/0 درصد افزایش می ‏یابد و اما، ارزش افزوده بخش کشاورزی اثر منفی بر تخریب منابع طبیعی دارد و با افزایش یک درصدی در ارزش افزوده، 20/0 درصد از منابع طبیعی کمتر استخراج خواهد شد؛ همچنین، آزادسازی قیمت حامل‌های انرژی و آزادسازی تجاری بر تخریب منابع طبیعی اثر منفی دارند؛ و البته، شاخص امنیت غذایی اثر مثبت و معنی‌دار بر تخریب منابع طبیعی دارد، به‏ گونه‏ای که به ازای هر یک درصد افزایش در شاخص امنیت غذایی، میزان تخریب منابع طبیعی 78/0 درصد افزایش خواهد یافت. افزون بر این، بر پایه نتایج پژوهش حاضر، بهره‌وری انرژی بر میزان تخریب منابع طبیعی با ضریب 21/0- اثر منفی دارد، اما این میزان معنی‌دار نیست. ضریب متغیر ECM برابر با 59/0- است که از نظر آماری، در سطح 95 درصد معنی‌دار و منطبق با نظریه بوده و نشان‌دهنده آن است که در هر دوره، 77/59 درصد از خطای عدم تعادل از بین خواهد رفت؛ و همچنین، تأمین سوخت مورد نیاز روستاییان، اعطای یارانه و تسهیلات برای استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین به ‏منظور ارتقای بهره‌وری و نیز حمایت از تولیدکنندگان و مصرف‌کنندگان به ‏صورت هدف‌دار در راستای کاهش تخریب منابع طبیعی و حفاظت از آن راهگشا خواهد بود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
امنیت غذایی؛ بهره‌وری انرژی؛ تخریب منابع طبیعی؛ فقر؛ تخلیه
عنوان مقاله [English]
Explanation of Factors Affecting the Natural Resources Degradation with Emphasis on Poverty and Food Security
نویسندگان [English]
A. KianiRad1؛ H. Noroozi2
1Assistant Professor of Agricultural Planning, Economics, and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI), Tehran, Iran .
2PhD Student in Agricultural Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]
One of the most obvious aspects of poverty is the apparent link between this phenomenon and the degradation of natural resources, which leads to environmental instability. In the present study, the relationship between poverty and natural resource degradation in Iran was investigated within the VECM model in the period 1994-2018. The study results showed that the first break of poverty had a positive and significant effect on the degradation of natural resources and a one percent increase in the poverty index would increase the amount of natural resources degradation by 0.19 percent, but the value added of agriculture had a negative effect on natural resources degradation and with a one percent increase in value added, the natural resources would be less extracted by 0.20 percent; also, energy price liberalization and trade liberalization had negative effects on the natural resources degradation while the food security index had a positive and significant effect on the natural resources degradation, so that for every one percent increase in the food security index, the rate of natural resources degradation would increase by 0.78 percent. In addition, according to the study results, energy efficiency has a negative effect on the rate of natural resources degradation with a coefficient of -0.21, but this rate is not significant. The coefficient of the ECM variable is equal to -0.59, which is statistically significant at the level of 95 percent and is in accordance with the theory and indicates that in each period, 59.77 percent of the imbalance error will disappear; also, providing the fuel needed by the rural people, providing subsidies and facilities for the use of new technologies to improve productivity as well as supporting producers and consumers in a targeted way to reduce the degradation of natural resources and protect the environment will be helpful.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
Food Security, Energy Efficiency, Natural Resources Degradation, Poverty, Depletion
مراجع
  1. ADB (2013). Food security challenges in Asia. Asian Development Bank (ADB). Available at https://www.oecd.org/derec/adb/Food-security-challenges-Asia.
  2. Arouri, M.E.H., Ben Youssef, A., M’henni, H. and Rault, C. (2012). Energy consumption, economic growth and CO2 emissions in Middle East and North African countries. IZA Discussion Paper No. 6412. Available at http:/www.ideas.repec.org/a/eee/enepol/v45y2012icp342-349.html.
  3. Baloch, M.A., Danish, Khan, S.U.-D., Ulucak, Z.Ş. and Ahmad, A. (2020). Analyzing the relationship between poverty, income inequality, and CO2 emission in Sub-Saharan African countries. Science of the Total Environment, 740: 139867. Available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139867.
  4. Bhattacharya, H. (2019). Environmental and socio-economic sustainability in India: evidence from CO2 emission and economic inequality relationship. Environ. Econ. Policy, 0: 1-20. Available at https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2019.1604267.
  5. Bigman, D. (1993). The measurement of food security. In: P. Berck and D. Bigman (eds.) Food security and food inventories in developing countries. Wallingford: CAB International, 238-251.
  6. Cheema, A.R. and Sial, M.H. (2012). Poverty, income inequality, and growth in Pakistan: a pooled regression analysis. The Lahore Journal of Economics, 17(2): 137-157.
  7. Choker, B.A. (2004). Perception and response to the challenge of poverty and environmental resource degradation in rural Nigeria: case study from the Niger Delta. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 24: 306.
  8. Da Matta, F.M., Grandis, A., Arenque, B.C. and Buckeridge, M.S. (2010). Impacts of climate changes on crop physiology and food quality. Food Research International, 43: 1814-1823.
  9. Demir, C., Cergibozan, R. and Gök, A. (2019). Income inequality and CO2 emissions: empirical evidence from Turkey. Energy Environ., 30: 444-461. Available at https://doi.org/10.1177/0958305X18793109.
  10. Dhrifi, A., Jaziri, R. and Alnahdi, S. (2020). Does foreign direct investment and environmental degradation matter for poverty? Evidence from developing countries. Chang. Econ. Dyn., 52: 13-21. Available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.strueco.2019.09.008.
  11. Dinda, S. (2004). Environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis: a survey. Ecol. Econ., 49(4): 431-455.
  12. Dong, J., Gruda, N., Lam, S.K., Li, X. and Duan, Z. (2018). Effects of elevated CO2 on nutritional quality of vegetables: a review. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9: 924. Available at https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00924.
  13. Ebi, K.L. and Ziska, L.H. (2018). Increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide: anticipated negative effects on food quality. PLoS Med, 15(7): e1002600. Available at https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pmed.1002600.
  14. Eskandari-Damaneh, H., Noroozi, H., Mehrab Ghoochani, O., Taheri-Reykandeh, E. and Cotton, M. (2020). Evaluating rural participation in wetland management: a contingent valuation analysis of the set-aside policy in Iran. Science of the Total Environment, 747: 141127. Available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141127.
  15. Farhani, S. and Rejeb, J.B. (2012). Energy consumption, economic growth and co2 emissions: evidence from panel data for MENA region. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 2(2): 71-81. Available at econjournals.com.
  16. Fomby, B.T. (1998). How to model multivariate time series data. Dallas, USA: Department of Economics, Southern Methodist University.
  17. Gani, A. (2012). The relationship between good governance and carbon dioxide emissions: evidence from developing economies. Journal of Economic Development, 37(1): 77-93.
  18. Gujarati, D. (1978). Basic econometrics. New York: McGraw-Hill.
  19. Hosseini, S.S., Noroozi, H., Pakravan, M.R. and Mehrparvar Hosseini, E. (2016). The effect of government protection policies for consumers and producers in the agricultural sector on food security in Iran. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 47(3): 755-769. DOI: 10.22059 / ijaedr.2016.60601. (Persian)
  20. IEA (2019). Final energy consumption and its growth in Iran. International Energy Agency (IEO), Online Data Services. Available at iea.org.
  21. IPCC (2019). Summary for policymakers. In: P.R. Shukla, J. Skea, E. Calvo Buendia, … J. Malley (eds.) Climate change and land: an IPCC special report on climate change, desertification, land degradation, sustainable land management, food security, and greenhouse gas fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems. [In Press]
  22. Ivanov, V. and Kilian, L. (2005). A practitioner’s guide to lag order selection for VAR impulse response analysis. Studies in Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics, De Gruyter, 9(1): 1-36.
  23. Johanson, S. (1988). Statistical analysis of cointegration vectors. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 12: 231-2 54.
  24. Johansen, S. and Juselius, K. (1990). Maximum likelihood estimation and inference on cointegration with applications to the demand for money. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52: 169-210.
  25. Khan, S.A.R. (2019). The nexus between carbon emissions, poverty, economic growth, and logistics operations: empirical evidence from Southeast Asian countries. Sci. Pollut. Res., 26(13): 13210-13220. Available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04829-4.
  26. Leisner, C.P. (2020). Climate change impacts on food security-focus on perennial cropping systems and nutritional value. Plant Science, 293: 110412.
  27. Li, K., Fang, L. and He, L. (2019). How population and energy price affect China’s environmental pollution? Energy Policy, 129: 386-396. Available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.02.020.
  28. Lou, Z., Cai, B.F., Zhu, N., Zhao, Y., Geng, Y., Yu, B. and Chen, W. (2017). Greenhouse gas emission inventories from waste sector in China during 1949-2013 and its mitigation potential. Cleaner Production, 157: 118-124.
  29. Lütkepohl, H. (2005). New introduction to multiple time series analysis. New York: Springer.
  30. Masron, T.A. and Subramaniam, Y. (2019). Does poverty cause environmental degradation? Evidence from developing countries. Journal of Poverty, 23: 44-64. Available at https://doi.org/10.1080/10875549.2018.1500969.
  31. MOE (2010). Energy balance sheet. Tehran: Ministry of Energy (MOE), Deputy Minister of Electricity and Energy, Office of Planning and Macroeconomics of Electricity and Energy. (Persian)
  32. MOE (2017). Energy balance sheet. Tehran: Ministry of Energy, Deputy Minister of Electricity and Energy, Office of Planning and Macroeconomics of Electricity and Energy. (Persian)
  33. Montagnini, F. and Finney. C. (2011). Payments for environmental services in Latin America as a tool for restoration and rural development. AMBIO, 40: 285-297.
  34. Nasir, M.A., Canh, N.P. and Lan Le, T.N. (2021). Environmental degradation and role of financialisation, economic development, industrialisation and trade liberalization. Journal of Environmental Management, 277: 111471. Available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111471.
  35. O'Brien, A.M., Lins, T.F., Yang, Y., Frederickson, M.E., Sinton, D., and Rochman, C.M. (2022). Microplastics shift impacts of climate change on a plant-microbe mutualism: temperature, CO2, and tire wear particles. Environmental Research, 203: 111727. DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111727. Epub 2021 Jul 30. PMID: 34339696.
  36. Phillips, P.C. and Ploberger, W. (1994). Posterior odd testing for a unit root with data-based model selection, Econometric Theory, 10: 774-808.
  37. Reardon, T. and Vosti, S.A. (1995). Links between rural poverty and the environment in developing countries: asset categories and investment poverty. World Development, 23(9): 1495-1506.
  38. Romuald, K.S. (2012). Education, convergence and carbon dioxide growth per capita. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, 3(1): 65-85.
  39. Safarkhanloo, E. and mohammadinejad, A. (2011). Review of the effect of bread wastes on poverty line and food security index of the rural and urban hosehold of iran during 2001-2007. Agricultural Economics and Development, 19(75): 53-78. (Persian)
  40. Salami, H. and Jahangard, H. (2009). Modeling time series to predict apple and orange consumption in Iran. Agricultural Economics and Development, 17(67): 117-134. (Persian)
  41. Scherr, S.J. (2000). A downward spiral? Research Evidence on the relationship between poverty and natural resource degradation. Food Policy, 25: 481.
  42. Sen, A. (1976). Poverty: an ordinal approach to measurement. Econometrics, 4: 219-231.
  43. Shah, A. (2005). Poverty and the environment. Global Issues, p. 71. Available at https://www.globalissues.org/article/425/poverty-and-the-environment.
  44. Souri, A. (2013). Advanced econometrics (Vol. 2): with the use of Stata 12 and Eviews 8. Tehran: Cultural Studies Publishing. (Persian)
  45. UNDP (2019). The 2019 global multidimensional poverty index (MPI). New York: United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Available at http://hdr.undp.org/en/2018-MPI.
  46. Uzar, U. and Eyuboglu, K. (2019). The nexus between income inequality and CO2 emissions in Turkey. Prod., 227: 149-157. Available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.169.
  47. Yotopoulos, P.A. (1997). Food security, gender and population. New York: United Nations Population Fund.
  48. Zare Chahouki, M.A. (2015). Designing a model for sustainable management of natural resources. Tehran: Center for Basic Studies of Islamic Revolution Research. (Persian)Zeller, M., Manohar, Sh., Carla, H. and Cecile, L., (2006). An operational method for assessing the poverty outreach performance of development policies and projects: results of case studies in Africa. World Development, Elsevier 34(3): 446-464.
آمار
تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,155
تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 408


counter
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب