| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 2,944 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,228 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 43,860,583 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 20,367,270 |
اثر مصرف کود نیتروژن و ورمی‌کمپوست بر خصوصیات زراعی، عملکرد و کیفیت دانه کنجد (Sesamum indicum L.) | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 133، بهمن 1400، صفحه 97-74 اصل مقاله (883.63 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2022.351393.1494 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیده سمیه حسینی1؛ مجید مجیدیان* 2؛ مسعود اصفهانی1 | ||
| 1گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| 2گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات- دانشکده علوم کشاورزی- دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثر مصرف کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و ورمی‌کمپوست بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد کنجد (رقم ناز تک‌شاخه)، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با ده تیمار و سه تکرار در سال زراعی 96-1395 در شهرستان طارم استان زنجان اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، تعداد کپسول در بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته، وزن هزار دانه و عملکرد دانه (با میانگین 17/3087 کیلوگرم در هکتار) مربوط به تیمار تلفیقی 45 کیلوگرم نیتروژن + 5/7 تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست بود که با تیمار تلفیقی 30 کیلوگرم نیتروژن + 5 تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشت. بیشترین عملکرد زیستی با میانگین 8360 کیلوگرم در هکتار مربوط به تیمار تلفیقی 45 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن + 5/7 تن در هکتار ورمی‌کمپوست مشاهده شد که نسبت به تیمار شاهد 57/85 درصد افزایش داشته است. میزان روغن دانه تحت تاثیر هیچ یک از تیمارهای کودی قرار نگرفت، در نتیجه عملکرد بالای روغن در تیمار‌هایی بدست آمد که عملکرد دانه بیشتری داشتند. سرعت رشد گیاه هم تحت تاثیر تیمارهای کودی قرار گرفت و معنی‌دار شد. بطوری که بالاترین سرعت رشد گیاه در تیمار تلفیقی 45 کیلوگرم نیتروژن + 5/7 تن در هکتار ورمی کمپوست به دست آمد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که استفاده از کود تلفیقی (شیمیایی و آلی) مناسب‌تر از سایر تیمارهای نیتروژن (شیمیایی) برای افزایش عملکرد دانه کنجد است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| روغن؛ کشاورزی تلفیقی؛ کود آلی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost application on agronomic characteristics, seed yield and quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyede Somayeh Hoseini1؛ Majid Majidian2؛ Masoud Esfahani1 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction: One of the pillars of a sustainable agricultural system is the use of organic fertilizers to provide the nutrients needed by the plant with the aim of eliminating or significantly reducing the consumption of chemical inputs (Darzi et al., 2011). Organic fertilizer includes vermicompost and products from the activity of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms and stabilizers of nitrogen or other nutrients that are active in the soil (Anwar et al., 2005). Sesame is an old and important oilseed crop that is usually grown on small farmers' tropical and subtropical farms (Weiss et al., 2000). This study was conducted for investigating the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer, vermicompost and their combined application on sesame plant of single branch cultivar in Tarom region of Zanjan province. Materials and Methods: Experiment in a complete randomized block design was carried out with three replications in Tarom, Zanjan province, Iran during cropping seasons of 2016-2017. Treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg Nitrogen ha-1) and integrated nitrogen of chemical and organic (15 kg N ha-1 + 2.5 ton ha-1 vermicompost, 30 kg N ha-1 + 5 ton ha-1 vermicompost and 45 kg N ha-1 + 7.5 ton ha-1 vermicompost) and vermicompost (5, 10 and 15 ton ha-1) were used. Results & Discussion: Results showed that use of nitrogen fertilizer, vermicompost and combination nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost had significant effect on seed yield and yield components of sesame. So that, Maximum plant height, number of capsule in plant, number of seed.plant-1, 1000-seed weight and seed yield (3087.87) were obtained 45 kg N ha-1 + 7.5 ton ha-1 . Maximum biological yield (8360 kg ha-1) was obtained using the treatment 45 kg N ha-1 +7.5 ton ha-1 vermicompost. Also, seed oil percentage was not affected by any of the treatments; As a result, Maximum oil yield (1530.36 kg ha-1) was obtained using treatment 30 kg N ha-1 + 5 ton ha-1. Results & Discussion: Results showed that use of nitrogen fertilizer, vermicompost and combination nitrogen fertilizer and vermicompost had significant effect on seed yield and yield components of sesame. So that, Maximum plant height, number of capsule in plant, number of seed.plant-1, 1000-seed weight and seed yield (3087.87) were obtained 45 kg N ha-1 + 7.5 ton ha-1 . Maximum biological yield (8360 kg ha-1) was obtained using the treatment 45 kg N ha-1 +7.5 ton ha-1 vermicompost. Also, seed oil percentage was not affected by any of the treatments; As a result, Maximum oil yield (1530.36 kg ha-1) was obtained using treatment 30 kg N ha-1 + 5 ton ha-1. Conclusion: Results of this experiment showed that the application of integrate fertilizer (chemical+organic) was better than other nitrogen treatments (chemical) for increasing sesame seed yield. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Integrated agriculture, Oil, Organic fertilizer | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahmadi, M., and Bahrani, M.J. 2009. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of three Sesame in Bushehr province. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 13(48): 23-131. (In Persian with English Summary). Allen, M., Smith, F., Moore, W.K., and Christensen, M. 1981. Comparative water relations and photosynthesis of mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal bouteloua gracilis H.B.K. lag ex steud. New Phytologist, 88(4): 683-693. Arzanesh, H., and Abasi, N. 2011. Vermicompost from production to consumption. Coordination of Agricultural Extension, 15 pages. (In Persian). Danesh Shahraki, A., Kashani, A., Mesgarbahsi, M., Nabipour, M., and Koohi Dehkordi, M. 2008. The effect of plant density and time of nitrogen application on some agronomic characteristic of rapeseed, Pajouhesh Va Sazandegi, 21(2):10-17. (In Persian with English Summary). Darzi, M.T., Hajseyed Hadi, M.R., and Rejali, F. 2011. Effect of vermicompost and phosphate biofertilizer application on yield and yield components of Anison (Pimpinella anisum L.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 26(4): 452-465. (In Persian with English Summary). Ebrahimzadeh Abdashti, R., Galavi, M., and Ramroudi, M. 2016. Effects of organic and chemical fertilizers on some quantitative traits and anthocyanin of Roselle under Zabol condition. Journal of Horticultural Sciences, 30(2): 169-177. (In Persian with English Summary). Emam, E. 2007. Cereal Agriculture (Third Edition). Shiraz University Press, 190 pages. (In Persian). Garg, B., Kathju, S., and Vyas, S. 2005. Salinity-fertility interaction on growth, photosynthesis and nitrate reductase activity in sesame, Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 10(2): 162-169. Goldani, M., and Fazeli Kakhki, F. 2014. Evaluation of effect of chemical and organic fertilizers on growth characteristics, yield and yield components of three sesame ecotypes (Sesamum indicum L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 12(1): 127-136. (In Persian with English Summary).Habibi, S., and Majidian, M. 2014. Effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer and vermi-compost on yield and quality of sweet corn (Zea mays hybrid Chase). Journal of Crop Production and Processing, 4(11): 15-26. (In Persian with English Summary). Heydari, S., Movahhedi Dehnavi, M., and Yadavi, A.R. 2016. Comparison of growth indices, oil percentage and seed yield of three sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes under different plant densities in Rostam region, Fars province. Journal of Oil Plants Production, 3(1): 37-53. (In Persian with English Summary). Jahan, M., Amiri, M.B., and Ehyaee, H. 2012. Radiation absorption and use efficiency of sesame as affected by biofertilizers in a low input cropping system. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 10(2): 435-447. (In Persian with English Summary).Jolliffe, P.A., Eaton, G.W., and Doust, J.L. 1982. Sequential analysis of plant growth. New Phytol, 92: 287-296. Khajepour, M.R. 2012. Industrial plants. IsfahanUniversity Jihad Publications. (In Persian). Kosaryfar, M., Khajoei Nejad, G.H., Maghsoudi Moud, A., and Ghanbari, J. 2015. Effect of different fertilizer treatments application on quantitative and qualitative yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars at climatic conditions of Kerman. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 13(2): 378-390. (In Persian with English Summary). Lawlor, D.W., Lemaire, G., and Gastal, F. 2001. Nitrogen, plant growth and crop yield. Plant nitrogen (pp. 343-367): Springer. Lemaire, G., Jeuffroy, M.H., and Gastal, F. 2008. Diagnosis tool for plant and crop N status in vegetative stage: Theory and practices for crop N management. European Journal of Agronomy, 28(4): 614-624. Majidian, M., Khoshchehreh Ziba, E., and Mansouri Far, S. 2016. Yield and quality of two forage sorghum cultivars influenced by manure and nitrogen fertilizer. Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 26(1): 131-143. (In Persian with English Summary). Malik, M.A., Saleem, M.F., Cheema, M.A., and Ahmed, S. 2003. Influence of different nitrogen levels on productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under varying planting patterns. International Journal Agricultural Biology, 5(4): 490-492. Mehrabi, Z., and Ehsanzadeh, P. 2011. A study on physiological attributes and grain yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars under different soil moisture regimes. Journal of Crops Improvement, 13(2): 75-88. Mirzakhani, M. 2009. Effects of co-inoculation of azotobacter and mycorrhiza under nitrogen and phosphorus levels on nutrients absorbtion efficiency in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Ph.D Thesis in Agronomy, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch-Khouzestan. 277 pages. (In Persian). Mohsen Nia, O., and Jalilian, J. 2012. Effect of drought stress and fertilizer sources on yield and yield components of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.). Journal of Agroecology, 4(3): 235-245. Kalantari Khandani, S., Koocheki, A.R., and Nassiri Mahallati, M. 2012. The effect of biological fertilizers on growth indices, yield and yield components of sesame cultivars (Sesamum indicum L.). Journal of Agroecology, 2(1): 77-88. (In Persian with English Summary).
Papari Moghaddamfard, A., and Bahrani, M.J. 2005. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates and plant density on some agronomic characteristic, seed yield and protein percentage in two sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) cultivars. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 36(1): 129-135. (In Persian with English Summary). El Mahdi, A.R.A. 2008. Response of sesame to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization in Northern Sudan. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 8(2): 304-308. Rezvani Moghaddam, P., Amiri, M.B., and Seyyedi, S.M. 2014. Effect of organic and biofertilizers application on yield, oil content and fatty acids composition of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, 16(3): 209-221. (In Persian with English Summary). Sabannavar, S., and Lakshman, H. 2008. Interactions between azotobacter, pseudomonas and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on two varieties of Sesamum indicum L. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 194(6): 470-478. Sajadi Nik, R., Yadavi, A., Balouchi, H.R., and Farajee, H. 2011. Effect of chemical (urea), organic (vermicompost) and biological (nitroxin) fertilizers on quantity and quality yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 21: 87–101. (In Persian with English Summary). Sajadi Nik, R., and Yadavi, A.R. 2013. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer, vermicompost and nitroxin on growth, phonological stages and grain yield of sesame. Electronic Journal of Crop Production, 2: 73-99. (In Persian with English Summary). Sayad Amin, P. 2009. The level of nitrogenous child surfaces with brochure development, quality and quality and gas exchange of different sesame genotypes. Master Thesis of Isfahan University of Technology, 196 pages. (In Persian with English Summary).
Shakeri, E., Amini Dehaghi, M., Tabatabaei, S.A., and Modares Sanavi, S.A.M. 2013. Effect of nitrogen and biological fertilizers on seed yield and fatty acid composition of sesame cultivars under Yazd conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research, 10(4): 742-750. (In Persian with English Summary). Sharma, A.K. 2005. A handbook of organic farming. Agrobios. India. 407 Pages.
Shirani Rad, A.H. 2003.Physiology of Crops. Second edition. 359 Pages. (In Persian).
Shoghi Kalkhoran, S., Ghalavand, A., and Modares Sanavi, S.A.M. 2012. Effect of bio fertilizer and green manure (winter wheat) in combination with the integrated nitrogen sources (chemical-farmyard manure) on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Environmental Science, 9(2): 35-52. (In Persian with English Summary). Strickland, M.S., Leggett, Z.H., Sucre, E.B., and Bradford, M.A. 2015. Biofuel intercropping effects on soil carbon and microbial activity. Ecological applications, 25(1): 140-150. Uzun, B., Arslan, C., and Furat, S. 2008. Variation in fatty acid compositions, oil content and oil yield in a germplasm collection of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society, 85: 1135–1142. Van Iersel, M.W., and Seymour, L. 2000. Growth respiration, maintenance respiration, and carbon fixation of vinca: A time series analysis. Journal of American Society of Horticulture Science, 125(6): 702-706. Weiss, E.A. 2000. Oilseed crops. Blackwell Science Ltd. Oxford. Yasari, E., and Patwardhan, M. 2007. Effects of azotobacter and azospirillum inoculants and chemical fertilizers on growth and productivity of canola (Brassica napus L.). Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 6(1): 77-82. Zavareh, M., Hoogenboom, G., Rahimian Mashhadi, H., and Arab, A. 2012. A decimal code to describe the growth stages of sesame (Sesamum orientale L.). International Journal of Plant Production, 2(3): 193-206. Zhang, H., Daoust, F., Charles, T.C., Driscoll, B.T., Prithiviraj, B., and Smith, D.L. 2002. Bradyrhizobium japonicum mutants allowing improved soybean yield in short season areas with cool spring soil temperatures. Crop science, 42(4): 1186-1190. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 448 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 596 |
||